scholarly journals KEPUTUSAN INDIVIDU USIA KERJA UNTUK BERMIGRASI: BUKTI DARI DATA LONGITUDINAL DI JAWA TIMUR

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Arbain Agus Wijaya ◽  
Munawar Ismail ◽  
Arif Hoetoro
Keyword(s):  
Health Insurance ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Migration is not only limited because of the driving and pulling factors from the area of origin and destination. Individual socio-economic factors are important factors that determine the decision to migrate. This study aims to analyze the influence of individual socio-economic factors on migration in East Java Province. The panel data used are longitudinal data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey (IFLS)-4 and the IFLS-5. In this study, the individual social factors consisted of age, sex, education, marital status, family size, and residence characteristics. Moreover, the individual economic factors comprise land ownership for agriculture, ownership of health insurance, loan ownership, and poverty status. By employing the binary logistic regression analysis, we found that migration in the population of East Java Province was influenced by age, marital status, education, and characteristics of residence as social factors as well as agricultural land ownership and health insurance ownership as economic factors.

Implication of Socio-economic Factors on Land Use and Forest Cover Changes in and Around Magamba Nature Reserve in Tanzania

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Solomon Jeremiah Sembosi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Mountainous Regions ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Rural settlements in mountainous regions are a typical process that occurs in many places around the world and have a number of implications on the landscape. Among them is a threat it possesses to the conservation and management of Afromontane ecosystems. This study assessed the socio-economic factors that drive the changes in land use and forest cover and the extent of land use and vegetation cover in and around Magamba Nature Reserve. Focus group discussion, direct field observation and household survey were used to acquire socio-economic information that impacts land use and forest cover. Through the use of Remote Sensing and GIS methods Landsat satellite images of 1995, 2008 and 2015 were employed to identify the extent of the changes in land use and forest cover. The perceived factors for the changes include education level, unemployment, landless/limited, landholding, population pressure, expansion of built-up areas and agricultural land at the expense of other land covers. This study revealed the transformation of natural forest and associated vegetation from one form to another. There was a decrease in natural vegetation from 61.06% in 1995 to 26.02% in 2015 and increase in built-up areas by 6.69% and agricultural areas by 4.70%. This study recommends conservation monitoring and strong law enforcement relating to natural resources so as to promote sustainable use of resources to rescue the diminishing ecosystem services.

UNDERSTANDING THE DESERTION OF SOUTH CAROLINIAN SOLDIERS DURING THE FINAL YEARS OF THE CONFEDERACY

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 657-679 ◽  
Author(s):  
PATRICK J. DOYLE
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Thought Process ◽  
Simple Representation ◽  
The World ◽  
Return Home ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

ABSTRACTAlthough the American Civil War is perhaps the most written about event in American history, the issue of desertion has often retained a neglected position in the conflict's dense historiography. Those historians who have studied military absenteeism during the war have tended to emphasize socio-economic factors as motivating men to leave the army and return home. The Register of Confederate Deserters, a list of southern soldiers who crossed into Union lines and took an oath of loyalty in order to try and return home, can provide a different look at these men. By studying the South Carolinian men on the Register, as a case-study, we can see that ideological, as well as socio-economic, motivations occupied the thought process of Civil War deserters. Moreover, the act of desertion was rarely a simple representation of the thoughts of the individual but of the opinions and feelings of his family and community as well. As such, studying Confederate desertion not only helps us understand the issues of loyalty and nationalism during the Civil War, but also the way in which nineteenth-century southerners conceptualized the world around them.

scholarly journals Typology of Agrarian Structure on Transmigration Land to Achieve Agrarian Transformation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1044-1050
Author(s):  
Aryuni Salpiana Jabar, Et. al.
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Structure Form ◽  
Peasant Communities ◽  
Peasant Community ◽  
Agrarian Transformation ◽  
The Ideal ◽  
Agrarian Structure

Land ownership and land mastery are two things that build rural structures in the community. In the peasant community, the Agrarian structure becomes the determinant of other aspects of life, such as agricultural production rate, income level as well as economic and other social factors. The importance of Agrarian structure in the peasant community makes researchers conduct a study aimed at analysing the typology of the Agrarian structure of transmigrant farmers in South Konawe Province of Southeast Sulawesi through a combination of ownership aspects and mastery aspects. This research used qualitative methods by taking one case, namely in the Transmigration Settlement Unit (UPT) Arongo in Southeast Sulawesi Province. The results showed that through the combination of aspects of land ownership and land mastery as a form of Agrarian structure, there are three typologies of Agrarian structure form in the UPT. Arongo, owning and mastering agricultural land, owning but not mastering land and not owning but mastering land. To achieve Agrarian transformation, the ideal typology of Agrarian structures for peasant communities is in the form of Agrarian structures in which people own land while mastering it so that land management is optimal.

scholarly journals PELAKSANAAN LARANGAN PEMILIKAN TANAH PERTANIAN SECARA ABSENTEE DI KECAMATAN MAUK KABUPATEN TANGERANG (STUDI KASUS DI KANTOR PERTANAHAN KABUPATEN TANGERANG)

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Nia Rosmiati ◽  
Amiludin Amiludin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Land Reform ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Ownership ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Land Area ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Agrarian Law

ABSTRAK Pemilikan tanah pertanian secara Absentee, secara tegas dilarang oleh Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria, larangan ini berkaitan dengan ketentuan-ketentuan pokok Landreform yang diatur dalam Pasal 7, 10 dan Pasal 17 UUPA. Kecamatan Mauk yang memiliki lahan seluas 18.644 ha setiap tahun semakin berkurang luasnya karena terjadinya peralihan lahan pertanian menjadi pemukiman. Selain hal tersebut kepemilikan lahan pertanian yang terjadi di Kecamatan Mauk kebanyakan dimiliki oleh orang yang berada di luar kecamatan Mauk itu sendiri. Penelitian ini penulis lakukan karena ingin mengetahui bagaimana pelaksannaan pelarangan tanah absentee/guntai di Kecamatan Mauk Kabupaten Tangerang dan juga penegakan hukum terhadap tanah absentee/guntai berdasarkan UndangUndang Pokok Agraria.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis normatif empiris, maksud dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji peraturan perundang-undangan dengan keadaan yang terjadi di masyarakat yang kemudian dianalisa dengan cara deskriptif kualitatif yang menggambarkan secara keseluruhan isi dan kualitas data tersebut.Hasil dari penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa praktek pemilikan tanah absente di kecamatan mauk masih terjadi sampai saat ini dikarenakan pasal 7, 10 dan pasal 17 Undang-Undang Pokok Agraria tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya dan masih banyakanya faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi dalam hal kepemilikan tanah secara absente di Kecamatan Mauk seperti faktor masyarakat, budaya, hukum, sarana prasarana, dan ekonomi. Penegakan hukum terhadap larangan pemilikan tanah absente sebagaimana yang tercantum dalam pasal Pasal 3 ayat 5 PP No. 224/1961 jo PP No 41 /l964 dengan cara retribusi tanah kepada rakyat yang membutuhkan seperti petani penggarap atau buruh tani tetap yang berkewarganegaraan Indonesia, bertempat tinggal di kecamatan tempat letak tanah yang bersangkutan dan kuat bekerja dalam pertanian. Kata Kunci: Larangan Pemilikan, Tanah Pertanian, Absentee.ABSTRACT Absentee ownership of agricultural land, is expressly prohibited by the Basic Agrarian Law, this prohibition relates to the main provisions of Land Reform which are regulated in Articles 7, 10 and Article 17 of the LoGA. Mauk Subdistrict, which has a land area of 18,644 ha, is decreasing in size every year due to the transition of agricultural land into settlements. In addition to this, agricultural land ownership in Mauk District is mostly owned by people outside the Mauk district itself. This research was conducted by the author because he wanted to find out how to ban absentee / guntai land in Mauk District, Tangerang Regency and also law enforcement on absentee / guntai land based on the Basic Agrarian Law. The method used in this study is empirical normative juridical research, the purpose of this research this is reviewing the laws and regulations with the conditions that occur in the community which are then analyzed in a qualitative descriptive way that illustrates the overall content and quality of the data. 7, 10 and article 17 of the Basic Agrarian Law are not functioning properly and there are still many factors that affect absent land ownership in Mauk District such as community, cultural, legal, infrastructure, and economic factors. Law enforcement against the prohibition of ownership of absentee land as stated in Article 3 paragraph 5 PP No. 224/1961 jo PP No. 41 / l964 by way of land levies to people in need such as sharecroppers or permanent farm workers who are Indonesian citizens, residing in the sub-district where the land is concerned and strong in working in agriculture. Keywords: Prohibition of Ownership, Agricultural Land, Absentee

scholarly journals A simple global food system model

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 188-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Jiang ◽  
X. Cui ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
Y. Jiang ◽  
M. Rounsevell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
Supply System ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
System Model ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Socio Economic Factors ◽  
Global Food Supply

In this study, we develop a simple dimension model to construct the food system in response to the population growth, the land use change and various socio-economic developments. The model simulates the consumption and production of agricultural goods in the individual countries, and maintains the global balance of food through the international trade flows between countries. Although there are some biases in the model results at the country levels, we suggest that such a simple model is feasible for simulating the global food supply system and assessing the uncertainties coming from various environmental and socio-economic factors.  

scholarly journals Policies and Socio-economics influencing on Agricultural Production: A Case Study on Maize Production in Bokeo Province, Laos.

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boundeth Southavilay ◽  
Teruaki Nanseki ◽  
Shigeyoshi Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Maize Production ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

<p>Since 2005s, agricultural land in northern Laos has become to be dominated by maize mono-cropping. The rapid expansion of this commercial crop has the resulted of policy implementations and demand of maize from the neighboring countries. The purpose of this study was aim to analyze the impact of commercial agricultural policy and socio-economic factors influencing on maize production in Houyxai Distirct, Bokeo Province of Laos. A survey of 98 maize farmers by face to face interviews was conducted in September 2010. Ordinary Least Square regression model was applied in order to explain how these policies and socio-economic factors effect to farmers and contribute to maize production. The results revealed that 94% of the variation in maize production (ton) is explained by the selected explanatory variables. Seven variables have a positive significant and one variable has a negative effect on maize production volume. The results also demonstrated that the most important effect to maize production is a “policy push” mainly variables of farmland, farmer organization, support market and credit access and a “market pull” by private sectors with providing input factors namely seeds, land preparation and techniques. Therefore, the government should look at the way of credit providing system that may effect in high production cost, at the same time the expansion of farm size is needed to take into account.</p>

An Application of VECM to Investigate the Role of Socio-Economic Factors in Poverty: New Evidence from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahwish Zafar ◽  
Saeed Ahmed Sabir ◽  
Shagufta Manzoor ◽  
Manzoor Ali Isran ◽  
Shazia Kousar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Poverty is a crucial and worldwide phenomenon. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship exists between socio-economic factors, social factors, and poverty, the relative influence of economic and social factors on poverty and to describe causality between time series in the VAR system. This study utilized the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) by using quarterly time-series data, 1994Q1 to 2018Q4, that have been collected from the world development indicators (WDI) and Economic Survey of Pakistan. The study identified education, unemployment, inflation as economic factors while zakat and rainfall as social factors that can reduce poverty. The findings of this study indicate that inflation and unemployment have a positive and significant relationship with poverty in the long run in Pakistan while education, rainfall, social welfare programs, and zakat has a negative relationship in the long run with poverty. Besides, the study also found that in the short run, there is no relationship between economic and social factors with poverty. Moreover, the study found that in the long run that the relative contribution of education and rain increases, 28% and 20%, is greater than the contribution of inflation, social welfare programs, unemployment and zakat, 3.8%, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 0.08%. Similarly, its contribution to poverty reduces up to 44% in the long run. This study helps policymakers to take important decisions about economic and social factors while designing policies to reduce poverty. The results suggest that the state bank of Pakistan should adopt a contractionary monetary policy to control inflation and policymakers can develop policies like education for all. The government should develop a business environment to create more employment opportunities.

An Application of VECM to Investigate the Role of Socio-Economic Factors in Poverty: New Evidence from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahwish Zafar ◽  
Saeed Ahmed Sabir ◽  
Shagufta Manzoor ◽  
Manzoor Ali Isran ◽  
Shazia Kousar
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Welfare Programs ◽  
Social Welfare Programs ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Poverty is a crucial and worldwide phenomenon. The main purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship exists between socio-economic factors, social factors, and poverty, the relative influence of economic and social factors on poverty and to describe causality between time series in the VAR system. This study utilized the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) by using quarterly time-series data, 1994Q1 to 2018Q4, that have been collected from the world development indicators (WDI) and Economic Survey of Pakistan. The study identified education, unemployment, inflation as economic factors while zakat and rainfall as social factors that can reduce poverty. The findings of this study indicate that inflation and unemployment have a positive and significant relationship with poverty in the long run in Pakistan while education, rainfall, social welfare programs, and zakat has a negative relationship in the long run with poverty. Besides, the study also found that in the short run, there is no relationship between economic and social factors with poverty. Moreover, the study found that in the long run that the relative contribution of education and rain increases, 28% and 20%, is greater than the contribution of inflation, social welfare programs, unemployment and zakat, 3.8%, 0.5%, 2.5%, and 0.08%. Similarly, its contribution to poverty reduces up to 44% in the long run. This study helps policymakers to take important decisions about economic and social factors while designing policies to reduce poverty. The results suggest that the state bank of Pakistan should adopt a contractionary monetary policy to control inflation and policymakers can develop policies like education for all. The government should develop a business environment to create more employment opportunities.

scholarly journals Climate-driven desertification and its implications for the ancient Silk Road trade

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 1395-1407
Author(s):  
Guanghui Dong ◽  
Leibin Wang ◽  
David Dian Zhang ◽  
Fengwen Liu ◽  
Yifu Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Ming Dynasty ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Silk Road ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Natural Factors ◽  
Historical Archives ◽  
Ancient Silk Road ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

Abstract. The ancient Silk Road played a crucial role in cultural exchange and commercial trade between western and eastern Eurasia during the historical period. However, the exchanges were interrupted in the early 16th century CE, during the Ming dynasty. Various causes for the decline of the ancient Silk Road have been suggested. Unlike social factors, natural factors have not been adequately addressed. In this study, we use evidence from a sedimentary site (Xishawo, XSW) in Dunhuang oasis, together with analysis of historical archives, to demonstrate the occurrence of extreme droughts and desertification events in the Dunhuang area post ∼ 1450 CE, which persisted at least for decades. The desertification may be closely associated with the accessibility of the ancient Silk Road in the area, which was responsible for a steep fall in the volume of trade, as well as political chaos and mass migrations. Therefore, besides socio-economic factors, climate change may have played an important role in trade exchange between the Ming government and the West and may have even influenced the rise and decline of the ancient Silk Road.

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