scholarly journals COMPARATIVE PHARMACOGNOSTIC RESEARCH OF CENTAUREA SCABIOSA L. WILD-GROWING AND CULTI-VATED IN THE CONDITIONS OF TOMSK

2020 ◽  
pp. 119-126
Author(s):  
Il'ya Petrovich Kaminskii ◽  
Tatiana Vladimirovna Kadyrova ◽  
Galina Ilinichna Kalinkina ◽  
Maria Sergeevna Larkina ◽  
Elena Vasilievna Ermilova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Vegetative Organs ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Flowering Onset

The purpose of this study is: on the basis of a comparative study of the biological characteristics and chemical composition of Centaurea scabiosa L. wild-growing and cultivated, to assess the prospects for its introduction into culture as an additional source of raw materials for the anthelmintic drug development. It has been established that the Centaurea scabiosa L. cultivated under the conditions of the Tomsk city in terms of developmental phenology is close to a wild-growing plant. The vegetative organs ratios of wild-growing and cultivated plants were determined: leaves constitute 10% and 24%; baskets – 37% and 24%; stems up to 0.5 cm of thick –18% and 20%; stems with a thickness of more than 0.5 cm – 34% and 31%, respectively (beginning of flowering phase). The cultivated Centaurea scabiosa L. is comparable to a wild-growing plant according to the sesquiterpene lactones content in separated organs. The sesquiterpene lactones maximum amount accumulates in the budding phase, decreases slightly at the beginning of flowering, and significantly decreases at the mass flowering phase. The Centaurea scabiosa L. harvesting periods (the leafiest shoots with a stem diameter of not more than 0.5 cm) are experimentally substantiated – the phase of flowering onset.

Development of technology and installation for fodder production using spent filter powders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.О. СМЫЧАГИН ◽  
С.К. МУСТАФАЕВ
Keyword(s):  
Sunflower Seed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Maximum Amount ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Sunflower Seeds ◽  
Experimental Operation ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Sunflower Oils ◽  
Waste Separation

Разработаны технология и установка для переработки отработанных фильтровальных порошков (ОФП) в кормовые продукты (КП) на масложировых предприятиях после вымораживания подсолнечных масел с целью исключения процесса их окисления. Предложена модернизация ранее разработанной авторами технологии переработки отходов очистки семян подсолнечника (ООСП). Рекомендовано добавление во вторичное масличное сырье (ВМС) из ООСП обезжиренных центрифугированием ОФП. Установлено, что центрифугирование необходимо осуществлять в течение 35 мин при 900 об/мин центрифуги. Определена наибольшая эффективность прессования с экструдированием при добавлении 1–3% обезжиренного фильтровального порошка в ВМС. Установлено максимальное количество обезжиренного фильтровального порошка (10%). Совместная переработка ООСП и ОФП на созданной экспериментальной производственной установке позволила получить КП в соответствии с требованиями нормативных документов на подсолнечный жмых и КП «Подсолнечный» для сельскохозяйственных животных. It has been suggested modernizing the previous technology for recycling of sunflower seed waste, developed by the authors that included waste separation to obtain secondary oily raw materials. A technology and installation has been developed for recycling spent filter powders into fodder products immediately after freezing of sunflower oils at oil and fat plants to exclude the process of their oxidation. It is established that the centrifugation must be carried out for 35 min at 900 rpm of the centrifuge. The greatest efficiency of pressing with extrusion is determined when adding 1–3% of fat-free filter powder to secondary oilseeds. The maximum amount of fat-free filter powder (10%) is set. The co-processing of sunflower seeds waste and spent filter powders at the created experimental operation-performing installation made it possible to produce an experimental fodder product which meets the requirements of normative acts for sunflower seed cake and sunflower fodder product «Podsolnechnyy» used for feeding farm animals.

scholarly journals Biologically active substances from Achillea nobilis L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (4) ◽  
pp. 52-59
Author(s):  
А.S. Kishkentayeva ◽  
◽  
S.N. Mantler ◽  
М.М. Zhakanov ◽  
S.М. Adekenov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

The review summarizes data on biologically active compounds of Achillea nobilis L. and methods of their isolation. From Achillea nobilis L., collected in different places of growth, the following have been isolated: essential oil, the main components of which are monoterpene compounds; sesquiterpene lactones estafiatin, hanphyllin, anobin, chrysartemine A, canin, anolide and tanapartin-β-peroxide; the steroid acetyleucanbin; flavonoids: 3,5-dihydroxy-6,7,8-trimethoxyflavone, 5-hydroxy-3,6,7,4’-tetramethoxyflavone and 5,3’-di-hydroxy-3,6,7,4’-tetramethoxyflavone. It has been determined that the component composition of the essen-tial oil of Achillea nobilis L. largely depends on the soil and climatic factors in the places of its growth, the phase of the growing season and the method of its extraction from plant raw materials, and the extractant used (chloroform, ethanol, hot water, diethyl ether). Antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, antiparasitic activi-ties are characteristic both for the sums of extractive substances from Achillea nobilis L. and for individual compounds isolated from them. Methods for the isolation of biologically active substances from Achillea nobilis L. for the development of new drug substances are described. The main aim of this work was a com-parative analysis of the available research results on the phytochemical study of Achillea nobilis L.

Comparative Histochemical analysis of above-ground parts of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria growing in Central Kazakhstan

2021 ◽  
pp. 4863-4867
Author(s):  
Yerbolat Tulebayev A. ◽  
Margarita Ishmuratova Yu. ◽  
Irina Losseva V. ◽  
Wirginia Kukuła-Koch ◽  
Ewa Poleszak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Histochemical Analysis ◽  
Filipendula Ulmaria ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Related Substances ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
The Republic

The histochemical analysis of medicinal plants and raw materials makes it possible to establish the presence of certain groups of active and related substances or products of their metabolism, as well as to study their localization in tissues. The article presents the results of histochemical analysis of leaves, flowers, petioles and stems of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria. These types of plant are used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and bactericidal agent. Our research objective - to determine the peculiarities of the localization features of individual groups of secondary metabolites in the aerial part of meadowsweet and meadowsweet growing in the territory of Central Kazakhstan at the microscopic level. Materials and Methods. Transverse sections of petioles, stem and whole flower; transverse and superficial sections of leaves of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria were fixed in Strauss-Fleming solution, after which histochemical reactions were carried out to locate and identify essential oils, phenolic acids, flavonoids, sesquiterpene lactones, polysaccharides and alkaloids. The study of microscopic signs, as well as histochemical tests were carried out according to the methods of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Republic of Kazakhstan using a light microscope Biomed-4. Results and Discussion. The localization of biologically active substances in the studied types of plant raw materials was determined by histochemical methods using light microscopy. The presence of phenolic compounds, flavonoids, traces of essential oil, alkaloids and sesquiterpene lactones was established. The absence of polysaccharides in the investigated micropreparations was established. Conclusions. For the first time, the localization of secondary metabolites in the tissues of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria was studied by histochemical tests. The results of histochemical studies can be used to confirm the authenticity, identification and standardization of the aerial parts of Filipendula vulgaris and Filipendula ulmaria.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition Variability of the Herb Essential Oil in the Ontogenesis of Artemisia campestris subsp. campestris

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501001
Author(s):  
Anna Lis ◽  
Martyna Kowal ◽  
Joanna Kończak
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Bud Formation ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Artemisia Campestris

The essential oil from the herb of Artemisia campestris L. subsp. campestris harvested at five ontogenesis phases was analyzed by GC, GC/MS and 1H NMR spectroscopy. More than 130 compounds were identified. Terpene hydrocarbons dominated in the oil. Germacrene D (20.3-30.1%), β-pinene (3.7-15.4%) and γ-humulene (6.6-9.8%) were the main constituents. The contents of germacrene D and γ-humulene decreased from the phase before bud formation to the beginning of flowering, then increased until the post-flowering phase. The content of β-pinene at the same periods firstly increased, and then was reduced.

scholarly journals THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FRACTIONS OF THE AERIAL PART OF CULTIVATED CHICORY AND THEIR ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
Ol'ga Leonidovna Saybel ◽  
Andrey Ivanovich Radimich ◽  
Grigoriy Vasil'yevich Adamov ◽  
Tamara Darizhapovna Dargaeva ◽  
Nikolay Borisovich Fadeev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Asteraceae Family

Chicory (Cichorium intybus L.) is a biennial or perennial herb of the Asteraceae family, growing in the Russian Federation under natural conditions in meadows, forest glades, grassy slopes, as well as on wastelands, fields, overgrown dumps and roadsides. Along with the wild-growing chicory, breeding varieties of cultivated plants are also known, intended for obtaining roots, while the aboveground part, which is a root rosette of leaves, is a production waste. The purpose of this study was to study the qualitative composition and antioxidant properties of biologically active substances (BAS) of the aerial part of cultivated chicory and to assess the potential for using secondary raw materials of this plant in the pharmaceutical industry for obtaining medicines. As a result of the study by HPLC-UV-MS / MS, it was found that the phenolic complex of the aerial part of the cultivated chicory is represented by phenol carboxylic acids - esters of caffeic, ferulic, coumaric acids with organic acids (quinic and tartaric) in various combinations; trace amounts of oxycoumarins (chicoriin); flavonoids (glycosides of quercetin, luteolin and isorhamnetin). The study of the antioxidant properties of BAS fractions of different polarity showed that the ethyl acetate fraction has the highest activity. It was found that the main dominant compound of this fraction is cichoric acid, which suggests that it is this metabolite that makes a decisive contribution to the antioxidant activity of the fraction and the extract as a whole.

QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF TANNIN IN NETTLE BY SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC AND CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHODS

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1 (254)) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Svetlana H. Apoyan ◽  
Samvel M. Vardapetyan ◽  
Anahit M. Hovhannisyan ◽  
Gohar F. Mkrtchyan
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chromatographic Method ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatographic ◽  
Stinging Nettle ◽  
Mass Flowering ◽  
Maximum Accumulation ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
Liquid Chromatographic

The amount of tannins in the leaves of stinging nettle was determined depending on the phenological phase (budding phase, mass flowering phase and fruiting phase). UV spectrophotometric and high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods were used to quantify tannins in the plant. It was found that the maximum accumulation of this group of substances in nettle leaves occurs in the fruiting phase. Based on the results of the study, the chromatographic method is optimal for the analysis of tannins in nettle leaves.

scholarly journals The application of organic and mineral fertilizers to increase the productivity of essential-oil crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (184) ◽  
pp. 45-51
Author(s):  
A.I. Morozov ◽  
◽  
R.R. Tkhaganov ◽  
N.S. Tropina ◽  
V.R. Tkhaganov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mentha Piperita ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Aromatic Plants ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
Organic And Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Beginning Of Flowering ◽  
Increase In Productivity

Essential oils obtained from aromatic plants are of great value to many industries. In traditional and alternative medicine, the peppermint essential oil of Mentha piperita and Dracocephalum moldavica is used for the production of medicinal preparations, which have immunomodulatory, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, sedative and antispasmodic effects. The aim of the research was to study the effect of organic and mineral fertilizers Аbsolute, EcoFus, microfertilizer Siliplant and their complex on the yield and content of essential oil in Mentha piperita and Dracocephalum moldavica. We carried out the treatment in the phase of regrowth of Mentha and branching of Dracocephalum, we carried out the harvesting in the phase of budding - the beginning of flowering. We noted an intensification of growth processes: the height of Mentha piperita in the variant with EcoFus increased by 20 %, with Silipant – by 26 %, and the double treatment of Dracocephalum moldavica with a binary mixture of Absolute and Silipant increased their height by 16 % in comparison with the control. The activation of growth processed contributed to an increase in the yield of raw materials. The increase of in the grass yield of Mentha piperita in the variant with EcoFus was 21 % (0.46 t per ha) compared to the control, with Siliplant – 26 % (0.57 t per ha). The content of essential oil in Mentha piperita increased by 6-8 %, the yield of essential oil per unit area increased by 28 % and 36 %. The combined use of Аbsolute and Siliplant on the Dracocephalum moldavica provided an increase in productivity and yield of essential oil per hectare not only in comparison with the control (36 % and 45 %), but also with variants of treatment with individual preparations - 15-16 % and 18-25 %, respectively.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF BERRY DRINKS WITH A HIGH CONTENT OF ASCORBIC ACID

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Vishnikin ◽  
K. Melnikov ◽  
T. Kolisnychenko ◽  
Т. Lystopad ◽  
D. Pidhorna
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Content ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Organoleptic Quality ◽  
Industrial Manufacture ◽  
Fruit Drink ◽  
Control Samples

This work is devoted to the development of innovative soft drinks based on raw materials from wild and cultivated plants characterized by high organoleptic quality and a high content of ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Strawberries, bilberries, blackberries, and black currants were taken as berry raw materials. Using these berries is due to their chemical composition. According to the results of the experimental studies, the optimum ratio of the recipe components has been established, which allows achieving the research objectives. As a result, the recipes of the fizzy drinks Zdorovya and Vesnyany, sbitens Vitaminka and Yahidny Kokteyl, fruit drink Syla have been developed. At the first stage, the organoleptic analysis of the samples was carried out, since the taste is a major factor in the consumer’s perception of an innovative product. The sensory evaluation of the beverages developed was conducted by five independent tasters. The results of the analysis show that the suggested products have high organoleptic quality characteristics. The next step in the research was to determine the ascorbic acid (vitamin C) content, which was done in two stages. First, a qualitative analysis was carried out to confirm the presence of this vitamin in the beverages developed and in the control samples. The quantitative content of ascorbic acid was then determined. The results of the study show that the ascorbic acid content increased on average, compared to that in the control samples, by 44% in the fizzy drink Zdorovya and by 20.5% in the fizzy drink Vesnyany; by 20% in the sbiten Vitaminka; by 11% in the sbiten Yahidny Kokteyl; and by 114% in the fruit drink Syla. In quantitative terms, it is 50–120 mg/100 ml, which is by 33% more than the daily requirement. The results obtained allow drawing a conclusion that industrial manufacture of the drinks developed will help solve the problem of vitamin C deficiency in the Ukrainian people’s diet.

scholarly journals The ecological state of the raw material zone of the enterprises supplying beef for baby food

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 06004
Author(s):  
Nikolay Zabashta ◽  
Elena Golovko ◽  
Irina Sinelshchikova ◽  
Anastasia Androsova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Baby Food ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Green Mass ◽  
Quantitative Content

Subjects of the research: soils, pasture and cultivated plants, vegetable raw materials, prepared feed of the raw material zone of the Branch of the Tikhoretsky Children's Meat Canning Plant of DANON-RUSSIA JSC. The quantitative content of mobile forms of heavy metals in soils under the main feed crops and their accumulation in finished feeds was determined. The a soil with a high humus content cover in the area of the surveyed farms is mainly represented by carbonate weakly humus heavy-duty “chernozem”, which occupies 82.5 % of all land. Fodder raw materials in the autumn-winter season 2019-2020 is safe in quantitative content regulated by standards of elements of heavy metals. Their contents were established: mercury ≤ 0.01 mg / kg, cadmium ≤ 0.2 mg / kg, lead ≤ 2.0 mg / kg and arsenic ≤ 0.5 mg / kg. However, there was an insignificant (1-2%) increase in the zinc content in the silage from the green mass of corn and haylage from the green mass of alfalfa. It was established that the remains of the prohibited pesticides are in trace amounts or practically absent in the feed of the raw material zone. The monitoring results will be used in farms - suppliers of beef for the production of baby food - canned meat and meat and vegetable.

scholarly journals PROPANE-PROPYLENE FRACTION OF CATALYTIC CRACKING AS AN ADDITIONAL SOURCE OF RAW MATERIALS FOR PROPYLENE PRODUCTION

2021 ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Kseniya V. Artamonova ◽  
Olga B. Prozorova ◽  
Natalia A. Likhacheva ◽  
Svetlana U. Prozorova
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Cracking ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Propylene Production
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