scholarly journals FATTY ACIDS AND OXYLIPINS ACCUMULATION IN ZEA MAIZE L. SEEDLINGS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD OF THE SUPER HIGH-FREQUENCY RANGE

2020 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Viktorovna Pushkina
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Microwave Range ◽  
Maize Seedlings ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Super High Frequency ◽  
Selection Of

The work shows the influence of the electromagnetic field of the microwave range (EMF microwave) on the variability of fatty acids and their derivatives in seedlings of corn of different ages. The object of the study was the corn seeds of the Belarusian selection of the Daria hybrid, which were treated with microwave EMF for 12 minutes with a frequency of 64–66 GHz, exposure power 10 mW. The control was untreated EMF microwave seeds. Fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Analysis of fatty acids and their derivatives, occurring in seedlings of corn of different ages, showed that in the roots and leaves of corn fatty acid metabolism goes in different ways. On the 4th day of growth, the content of the following oxylipins increases in maize seedlings: hydroxymethyl ester of linoleic acid and octadecanoic acid, 2,3-dihydroxy propyl ether by 57.8% and 26.8%, respectively. By the 12th and 14th day of growth, the content of α-linolenic acid, which is the starting material for the synthesis of oxylipins, substantially increases in the roots of corn. Also, unsaturated fatty acids predominate in the roots, saturated in the leaves. Under the influence of the electromagnetic field of the microwave range in the roots of corn, a decrease in the content of saturated and, accordingly, the degree of unsaturation of fatty acids increases. In leaves, on the contrary, there was an increase in the amount of saturated and a decrease in unsaturated fatty acids after EMF treatment of corn seeds. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, linoleic and linolenic, predominate in the seedlings, roots and leaves of corn. In this regard, it can be assumed that the stimulating effect of pre-sowing treatment of microwave EMF on germination, growth and development of corn occurs through the accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids and oxylipins as a response of the plant to exogenous exposure.

scholarly journals Influence of the method of disintegration of biomass of microalga Chlorella sorokiniana on the production of lipid fraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
Yulia A. Smyatskaya ◽  
◽  
Natalia A. Politaeva ◽  
Amira Toumi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lipid Fraction ◽  
Chlorella Sorokiniana ◽  
Lipid Fractions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Selection Of

This article discusses the effect of the disintegration of the cell wall of the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana on the output of the lipid fraction. The biomass of the microalgae Chlorella sorokiniana was grown under laboratory conditions in special photobioreactors at a temperature of 25 °C, with a constant aeration of a mixture of carbon dioxide and air at a rate of 1.5 liters/min, illumination 2200-2800 Lx. Nutrient medium for cultivation contained macro – and micronutrients for high-speed growth of microalgae. Selection of optimal cultivation parameters allows obtaining biomass with desired properties. Disintegration was carried out with the homogenization of biomass and under the influence of microwave radiation. Extraction of lipids was carried out on a semi-automatic extractor according to the Randall method, using organic solvents. The output of the lipid fraction without treatment was 10.18% after the destruction of the cell wall 14.45% with the homogenization of biomass and 13.85% under the influence of microwave radiation. A qualitative analysis of the lipid fraction, carried out under gas chromatography, obtained under various conditions showed that there was no significant difference in composition from the disintegration method. Lipid fractions (more than 50%) in both cases consist mainly of unsaturated fatty acids, of which irreplaceable unsaturated fatty acids constitute more than 18% for both samples. The residual biomass formed after the extraction of the lipid fraction can be used as fertilizer in the plant, for the manufacture of sorption materials for the purification of industrial water and as a biofuel. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of cell wall disintegration on the output of the lipid fraction and qualitative composition.

scholarly journals CHEMO-IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDIES ON LOCALIZED INFECTIONS

1911 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard V. Lamar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Sodium Oleate ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Lytic Action ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Serum Inhibition ◽  
Hemolytic Action

In the test tube, sodium linoleate and sodium linolenate kill and dissolve virulent pneumococci more rapidly and in higher dilutions than sodium oleate; otherwise their action is the same. The intensity of action on the cocci is directly proportional to the degree of unsaturation of the acid. Blood serum inhibits the bacteriolytic and hemolytic action of unsaturated soaps partially or completely, according to definitive quantitative relations between serum and soap. Small quantities of serum completely inhibit the action of dilute soap solutions, but even whole serum does not prevent bacteriolysis and hemolysis by relatively concentrated soap solutions, i. e. 1 per cent. and 0.5 per cent. A given quantity of serum inhibits the action of the soaps in inverse ratio to their degree of unsaturation. The hemolytic and bacteriolytic action of soaps of the unsaturated fatty acids is probably due in part to their avidity for protein and not wholly to their ability to dissolve lipoids. Attempts to prevent serum inhibition of the lytic action of sodium linoleate and sodium linolenate were unsuccessful. The more unsaturated soaps are not as efficient in preventing fatal pneumococcic infection of animals as sodium oleate.

scholarly journals Differentiation of Symphytum Species Using RAPD and Seed Fatty Acid Patterns

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1000500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamer Özcan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Fatty Acid Profiles ◽  
Morphological Descriptors ◽  
Rapd Primer ◽  
Fatty Acid Patterns ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics ◽  
Selection Of

RAPD and fatty acid profiles, and α-tocoferol contents of the seeds of some Symphytum species were analyzed for their differentiation. Discriminative patterns were found in the examined species. Genotypic characteristics of three Symphytum species were experienced using 20 decamer RAPD primers. The majority of band positions varied between species. The total amplified products of 20 RAPD primers was 247 (average of 12.35 bands per primer), of which 189 bands were polymorphic, corresponding to nearly 76.1% genetic diversity. The number of bands for each RAPD primer varied from 8 (UBC320) to 18 (OPA7). The percent of polymorphic bands ranged from 45.4% (OPJ20) to 93.3% (OPA16). Major unsaturated fatty acids in the seeds were linoleic, γ-linolenic and oleic acids; α-linolenic and eicosenoic acids exhibited lower levels. Variations in quantities and total ratios of fatty acid groups, and α-tocopherol contents were also observed between the species, and the developmental stages of the seeds. Significant differences were found for the whole series of fatty acids between species, in addition to the calculated ratios ( p < 0.05). Differences were also significant for fatty acid traits between two developmental stages of the seeds of endemic S. pseudobulbosum ( p < 0.05). In some morphological descriptors of the seeds, difference was found at a significant level ( p < 0.05). Obtained data based on genetic and biochemical variations seem to be useful for molecular delimitation of Symphytum, in addition to selection of the genotypes expressing a high amount of GLA.

scholarly journals The separation of triacylglycerols using unpolar and medium polar capillary columns

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V) ◽  
pp. S123-S126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zárubová ◽  
V. Filip ◽  
J. Šmidrkal ◽  
T. Kůtek ◽  
I. Piska
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbon Number ◽  
Capillary Columns ◽  
Positional Isomers ◽  
Triacylglycerol Composition ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation ◽  
Lipid Compounds

Commercial by supplied triacylglycerols and synthesized triacylglycerols were used in this project. Analysed triacylglycerols with the range of carbon number (CN) 24–54 consisted of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Two capillary columns were used in the analyses of triacylglycerols, namely non-polar (Optima<sup>®</sup>-1-TG) and medium polar (Optima<sup>®</sup>-17-TG) types. In this study the effectiveness of separation (A) of triacylglycerols with different carbon number values, (B) of triacylglycerols with different unsaturation degree, (C) of positional isomers were determined and further possibilities to separate another lipid compounds were analysed. The column Optima<sup>®</sup>-17-TG separates TAG according to the degree of unsaturation while the column Optima<sup>®</sup>-1-TG separates saturated and unsaturated TAG. High temperature capillary gas chromatography was used to determine changes in triacylglycerol composition during the transesterification of structured fats.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of the Composition of Seed Cake and its Fatty Oil from Swietenia mahagoni Jacq. Growing in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-52
Author(s):  
M Mostafa ◽  
Ismet Ara Jahan ◽  
M Riaz ◽  
Hemayet Hossain ◽  
Ishrat Nimmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Octadecanoic Acid ◽  
Fatty Esters ◽  
Good Source ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Fatty Oil ◽  
Swietenia Mahagoni

The proximate nutritional compositions of Swietenia mahagoni Jacq seed cake and the fatty acids present in the oil were investigated. The proximate nutritional composition of the seed cake were analyzed by the standard methods and it was found to contain moisture (14.37%), minerals (16.36%), fats (19.42%), crude fiber (19.60%), protein (8.76%) and carbohydrate (21.49%). The fatty acid composition of the oil was analyzed by GC-MS and a total of 48 compounds have been identified. The major constituents of the methylated fatty esters were linoleic acid (26.00%), elaidic acid (24.39%), stearic acid (14.32%), palmitic acid (12.97%), 10-methyl-10-nonadecanol (5.24%), ecosanoic acid (2.48%), 3-heptyne-2,5-diol, 6-methyl-5-(1-methylethyl) (2.03%), octadecanoic acid 9,10,12-trimethoxy (1.90%); 1,3-dioxalane, 4 ethyl-4-methyl-2-pentadecyl (1.89%) and 2-furapentanoic acid (1.03%). It is evident from this study that the oil can be considered as a good source of unsaturated fatty acids. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujps.v10i1.10015 DUJPS 2011; 10(1): 48-52

A note on the fatty acid composition of backfat from boars in comparison with gilts and barrows

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Smithard ◽  
W. C. Smith ◽  
M. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Large White ◽  
Degree Of Unsaturation

ABSTRACTBackfat from each of 25 littermate boars, barrows and gilts, which were crosses of the Large White and British Landrace breeds slaughtered at approximately 90 kg live weight, was analysed for fatty acid composition. Fat from boars had a significantly higher proportion of total unsaturated fatty acids (61·6%) compared with barrows (60·2%), This sex difference was due to a lower palmitic acid (16:0) content and higher linoleic (18:2) and linolenic (18:3) fatty acid levels in backfat of boars. Gilts were intermediate to boars and barrows in the degree of unsaturation of backfat.

scholarly journals Age castration of Nellore males on the profile of fatty acids of meat

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3739
Author(s):  
Regis Luis Missio ◽  
João Restle ◽  
Aline Kelherman de Freitas ◽  
Moacir Evandro Lage ◽  
Paulo Santana Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Lower Content ◽  
Different Ages

This study aimed to evaluate the cholesterol content, ?-tocopherol and fatty acids in the meat of Nellore young bulls or steers castrated at different ages, 13 or 18 months. The animals were confined for 100 days and slaughtered at 22 months of age. The experimental design was completely randomized with three treatments, using 12 repetitions. The levels of palmitic acid (26.39%), stearic (24.39%), myristic (3.01%) and total saturated fatty acids were not altered by sexual condition or castration age. Oleic was the fatty acid with the highest average participation in the meat (34.54%), and lower content in the meat of young bulls in relation to the castrated. The content of total unsaturated fatty acids was lower in the young bulls in relation to castrated at 18 months, which did not differ from castrated at 12 months. The content of total polyunsaturated fatty acids was increased by elevation of the castration age, being similar between young bulls and castrated at 18 months. The ratio ?6/?3 was not altered by sexual condition or castration age. Castration at the beginning of the finishing period increases the content of beneficial fatty acids to health in relation to castrated in the first third of backgrounding.

DEVELOPMENT OF AN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL OF AVITAMINOSIS F

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
A. Levitsky ◽  
A. Lapinska ◽  
I. Selivanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Arachidonic Acids

The article analyzes the role of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), especially omega-3 series in humans and animals. The biosynthesis of essential PUFA in humans and animals is very limited, so they must be consumed with food (feed). Тhe ratio of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFA is very important. Biomembranes of animal cells contain about 30% PUFA with a ratio of ω-6/ ω-3 1-2. As this ratio increases, the physicochemical properties of biomembranes and the functional activity of their receptors change. The regulatory function of essential PUFA is that in the body under the action of oxygenase enzymes (cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase) are formed extremely active hormone-like substances (eicosanoids and docosanoids), which affect a number of physiological processes: inflammation, immunity, metabolism. Moreover, ω-6 PUFA form eicosanoids, which have pro-inflammatory, immunosuppressive properties, and ω-3 PUFAs form eicosanoids and docosanoids, which have anti-inflammatory and immunostimulatory properties. Deficiency of essential PUFA, and especially ω-3 PUFA, leads to impaired development of the body and its state of health, which are manifestations of avitaminosis F. Prevention and treatment of avitaminosis F is carried out with drugs that contain PUFA. To create new, more effective vitamin F preparations, it is necessary to reproduce the model of vitamin F deficiency. An experimental model of vitamin F deficiency in white rats kept on a fat –free diet with the addition of coconut oil, which is almost completely free of unsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids make up almost 99 % of all fatty acids was developed. The total content of ω-6 PUFA (sum of linoleic and arachidonic acids), the content of ω-3 PUFA (α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids) in neutral lipids (triglycerides and cholesterol esters) defined. Тhe content of ω-6 PUFA under the influence of coconut oil decreased by 3.3 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 7.5 times. Тhe influence of coconut oil, the content of ω-6 PUFA decreased by 2.1 times, and the content of ω-3 PUFA - by 2.8 times. The most strongly reduces the content of ω-3 PUFA, namely eicosapentaenoic, coconut oil, starting from 5 %. Consumption of FFD with a content of 15 % coconut oil reduces the content of eicosapentaenoic acid to zero, ie we have an absolute deficiency of one of the most important essential PUFAs, which determined the presence of vitamin F deficiency.

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