scholarly journals The Effect of Low-Grade Chronic Inflammation on the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARINA GERGES
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition

It is well accepted that metabolic syndrome (MS) increases the risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), stroke and cancer [1] . Recently, the chronic inflammatory condition that often accompanies the MS has been implicated as a major factor both in the installation of the MS itself and its associated pathophysiological consequences [2] . However, the inflammatory state that accompanies the MS does not completely fit into the classical definition of acute or chronic inflammation, as it is not accompanied by infection; there is no massive tissue injury and the dimension of the inflammatory activation is also not large. So, it is often called low-grade chronic inflammation or meta-inflammation , meaning metabolically-triggered inflammation [3] . Several studies support the concept that a proinflammatory state is a component of the MS because of the strong association of elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) with MS-risk factors and high CRP levels impart risk for major coronary events beyond that imparted by the other metabolic risk factors. High-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) has been developed and used as a marker to predict coronary vascular diseases in the MS and it was recently used as a predictor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in correlation with serum markers that indicated lipid and glucose metabolism. However, the reasons for a link between inflammation and MS are not fully understood. One explanation may be that adipose tissue in obese people with MS releases increased amounts of cytokines into the circulation which in turn accounts for a greater production of CRP by the liver. Another possibility is that insulin resistance (IRalone is responsible for higher production of cytokines. Regardless of the mechanism, the finding that patients with MS exhibit characteristics of a proinflammatory state provide a new and exciting connection between inflammation and metabolic processes.

scholarly journals The albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio as an independent predictor of future non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a 5-year longitudinal cohort study of a non-obese Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guotai Sheng ◽  
Nan Peng ◽  
Chong Hu ◽  
Ling Zhong ◽  
Mingchun Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Independent Predictor ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background The albumin-to-alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) is a newly developed index of liver function, but its association in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the AAPR and NAFLD in a non-obese Chinese population. Methods The study included 10,749 non-obese subjects without NAFLD at baseline and divided them into quintiles according to the AAPR. A Cox multiple regression model was used to examine the association between the AAPR and its quintiles and the incidence of NAFLD. Results The average age of the study population was 43.65 ± 15.15 years old. During the 5-year follow-up, 1860 non-obese subjects had NAFLD events. In the Cox multiple regression model, after adjusting the model according to important risk factors, the AAPR and NAFLD risk were independently correlated, and with a gradual increase in the AAPR, the NAFLD risk decreased gradually (HR: 0.61, 95% CI: 0.47, 0.81; P-trend< 0.0001). Additionally, there were significant interactions between the AAPR and BMI, blood pressure and lipids (P-interaction < 0.05). Stratified analysis showed that the risk of AAPR-related NAFLD decreased in people with normal blood pressure and lipid levels, while the risk of AAPR-related NAFLD increased abnormally in people who were underweight. Conclusions This longitudinal cohort study provides the first evidence that the AAPR is an independent predictor of future NAFLD events in non-obese people. For non-obese people with a low AAPR, especially those with BMI < 18.5 kg/m2, more attention should be given to the management of risk factors for NAFLD to prevent future NAFLD.

scholarly journals DUSP1 Is a Potential Marker of Chronic Inflammation in Arabs with Cardiovascular Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelkrim Khadir ◽  
Sina Kavalakatt ◽  
Mohammed Dehbi ◽  
Monira Alarouj ◽  
Abdullah Bennakhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Recurrent Events ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Potential Marker ◽  
Diabetes Status

Background. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks persist in patients despite the use of conventional treatments. This might be due to chronic inflammation as reflected in epidemiological studies associating circulating low-grade inflammatory markers with CVD recurrent events. Here, we explored this potential link by assessing plasma dual-specificity phosphatase 1 (DUSP1) levels and comparing them to high-sensitivity CRP (hsCRP) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels and their associations to conventional CVD risk factors in confirmed CVD patients. Methods. Human adults with reported CVD (n=207) and controls (n=70) living in Kuwait were used in this study. Anthropometric and classical biochemical parameters were determined. Plasma levels of DUSP1, oxLDL, and hsCRP were measured using human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results. DUSP1 and hsCRP plasma levels and their least square means were higher in CVD cases, while oxLDL plasma levels were lower (p<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that DUSP1 and hsCRP are independently associated with CVD in the studied population, as reflected by 2-fold and 1.5-fold increased risks with increased levels of DUSP1 and hsCRP, respectively. In our study, DUSP1 levels were found to be associated with CVD despite statin treatment and diabetes status (p<0.05), whereas hsCRP mainly correlated with obesity markers. Conclusions. Circulating DUSP1 might be a predictor of chronic subclinical inflammation and residual risk in CVD patients, whereas our data suggest that the association between hsCRP and CVD is largely accounted for adiposity risk factors.

Management of non-conventional risk factors

2020 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Roberto Pedretti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Prognostic Implications ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Worse Prognosis ◽  
Conventional Risk Factors

Evidence supports the association of some non-conventional or yet to be established risk factors (RFs), such as serum uric acid (UA) or high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), with the risk of arterial hypertension (HTN), metabolic syndrome, and chronic kidney disease and a worse prognosis in patients with known coronary vascular disease (CVD). However, there is no evidence from randomized controlled trials to support their use in guiding therapy. In the secondary prevention setting, detection of peripheral vascular damage and kidney dysfunction may provide significant additional prognostic implications.

scholarly journals Association between weekend catch-up sleep and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels in adults: a population-based study

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyu-Man Han ◽  
Heon-Jeong Lee ◽  
Leen Kim ◽  
Ho-Kyoung Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Duration ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Hscrp Level ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Catch Up

Abstract Study Objectives To investigate the association between weekend catch-up sleep (WCS) and the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP)—a serum inflammatory maker—in adults Methods Data of 5,506 adults aged 19 years or older were obtained from the nationwide cross-sectional Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys conducted in 2016. Serum hsCRP level, weekday and weekend sleep durations, and sociodemographic and health-related characteristics were assessed. Participants whose weekend sleep duration was more than 1 h longer than their weekday sleep duration were included in the WCS group. hsCRP level was categorized into quartiles (i.e. highest, middle-high, middle-low, and lowest). Obesity was defined by body mass index ≥ 25.0 kg/m2. Results The WCS group included 1,901 participants (34.5%). In the logistic regression analysis controlling for all variables, adults in the WCS group were significantly less likely to show the highest hsCRP level (versus the lowest level) compared with those without WCS in the complete sample (adjusted odds ratio = 0.795, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.662 to 0.955). In a subgroup analysis, this association was significant only for those with weekday sleep duration of 6 h or lower. Longer WCS (≥3 h) was not associated with hsCRP levels. Non-obese people with WCS demonstrated a lower risk for high hsCRP levels, while there was no significant difference in obese people with WCS. Conclusions Our findings indicate that WCS may be beneficial for low-grade systemic inflammation in adults, particularly among those with shorter weekday sleep durations. WCS may also interact with obesity.

Sinapine reduces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in mice by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 3637-3649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youdong Li ◽  
Jinwei Li ◽  
Qingfeng Su ◽  
Yuanfa Liu
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Intestinal Dysbiosis ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation and intestinal dysbiosis.

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal Disorders and Metabolic Syndrome: Dysbiosis as a Key Link and Common Bioactive Dietary Components Useful for their Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (14) ◽  
pp. 4929
Author(s):  
Anna De Filippis ◽  
Hammad Ullah ◽  
Alessandra Baldi ◽  
Marco Dacrema ◽  
Cristina Esposito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
High Rate ◽  
World Population ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Health And Wellness ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
Dietary Components

Gastrointestinal (GI) diseases, which include gastrointestinal reflux disease, gastric ulceration, inflammatory bowel disease, and other functional GI disorders, have become prevalent in a large part of the world population. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is cluster of disorders including obesity, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, and is associated with high rate of morbidity and mortality. Gut dysbiosis is one of the contributing factors to the pathogenesis of both GI disorder and MS, and restoration of normal flora can provide a potential protective approach in both these conditions. Bioactive dietary components are known to play a significant role in the maintenance of health and wellness, as they have the potential to modify risk factors for a large number of serious disorders. Different classes of functional dietary components, such as dietary fibers, probiotics, prebiotics, polyunsaturated fatty acids, polyphenols, and spices, possess positive impacts on human health and can be useful as alternative treatments for GI disorders and metabolic dysregulation, as they can modify the risk factors associated with these pathologies. Their regular intake in sufficient amounts also aids in the restoration of normal intestinal flora, resulting in positive regulation of insulin signaling, metabolic pathways and immune responses, and reduction of low-grade chronic inflammation. This review is designed to focus on the health benefits of bioactive dietary components, with the aim of preventing the development or halting the progression of GI disorders and MS through an improvement of the most important risk factors including gut dysbiosis.

Increased left ventricular arrhythmogenicity in metabolic syndrome and relationship with myocardial performance, risk factors for atherosclerosis, and low-grade inflammation

Metabolism ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Voulgari ◽  
Nicholas Tentolouris ◽  
Dimitrios Papadogiannis ◽  
Ioannis Moyssakis ◽  
Despoina Perrea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Myocardial Performance ◽  
Performance Risk ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

scholarly journals MON-099 The Association Between C-Reactive Protein, Metabolic Syndrome, and Pre-Diabetes in Korean Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihyun Kim ◽  
Jong Bin Lee ◽  
Jung Sub Lim
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Geometric Mean ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Hscrp Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Korean Children ◽  
Reactive Protein

Abstract Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, including in Korea. In adults, the risk for CVD is increased approximately three-fold in subjects with metabolic syndrome (MetS), and the hazard ratio for subjects with MetS has been reported as 1.37 for mortality from CVD after adjustment for other confounders. Furthermore, MetS in childhood predicts adult MetS and T2DM 25 to 30 years later. Because MetS is a state of chronic low-grade inflammation, measurements of the circulating levels of the inflammatory molecules might provide diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to modulate or alter disease progression. High sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a biomarker of inflammation, has emerged as an independent predictor of CVD and T2DM development. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the association between hsCRP and MetS and its components in Korean children and adolescents. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2016–2017. We analyzed the data of 1,247 subjects (633 males, 14.2 ± 2.7 years) from the KNHANES 2016–2017. MetS were defined by the modified NCEP-ATP III criteria. Results: Among the 1,247 subjects (mean age: 14.2 ± 2.7 years), the prevalence of MetS was 5.8% (7.0% in male subjects and 4.6% in female subjects; p = 0.070). The mean hsCRP level was 0.861 ± 1.567 mg/l (median and interquartile range: 0.370 and 0.430mg/l). Subjects with MetS had higher hsCRP levels than subjects without MetS (geometric mean: 1.08 vs. 0.46 mg/l, p &lt; 0.001). The prevalence of MetS in the lowest, second, third, and highest hsCRP quartiles were 1.8%, 2.4%, 3.5%, and 15.2%, respectively. Compared to the lowest quartile, the odds ratio (OR) for having MetS in the highest quartile was 8.414 (3.272–21.638), adjusting for age and sex. The OR for having abdominal obesity and low HDL-C in the highest quartile were 9.657 (4.818–19.355) and 2.408 (1.286–4.510), adjusting for age, sex, and other components of the MetS. Additionally, the OR for having pre-diabetes (HbA1c ≥ 5.7%) in the highest quartile was 2.061 (1.097–3.870). Conclusion: Serum hsCRP level is positively associated with MetS and pre-diabetes in Korean children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Assessment of Risk Factors for Chronic Kidney Disease in Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria) Population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Derouiche ◽  
Tissir Cheradid ◽  
Massaouda Guessoum
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Urinary Problems

Purpose: This study was conducted aiming at evaluating some risk factors in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria) region. Materials and Methods: Our study is based on 77 voluntary individuals divided into healthy man and women reserved as a control with average age of 46.61± 2.84 years old and CKD patients with average age of 46.03± 2.95 years old; their origin covers the whole Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria) region and they were selected from the dialysis service of SAAD DEHLEB hospital Djamaa (El Oued Algeria). Risk of certain socio-clinical factors has been estimated by the determination of the value of Odd Ratio (OR). Results: Our study reports show a strong association between clinical factors such as Diabetes, urinary problems and Arterial hyper pressure (OR= 5.135, 6.60 and 78.276; P ≤0.05) with chronic kidney disease, respectively, but in this study we show that the Renal herbal medicine and History of kidney disease are the most dangerous risk factors, (OR = 20.00, OR =25,45 ; p≤0.001), respectively, for spices and Amount of water (OR ranging from 0.232 to 0.352; P ≤0.032) are important protective factors against this disease. Conclusion: Lifestyle is a contributing factor in CKD attainment in the region of Djamaa (El Oued, Algeria), which requires high sensitivity to modify these behaviors for limited progression of the disease in this region.

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