scholarly journals Conflictual and Peaceful Sunni-Shia Relations: Study on Various Factors of State Policy Formation in Sampang and Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Zainal Abidin ◽  
Imam Fuadi ◽  
Nur Kholis ◽  
Thoriqul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Charles Taylor ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Conflict Theory ◽  
Internal Conflict ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
The Government

Shia minority groups in Indonesia are often considered as 'other' religious group by the majority groups, especially Sunnis. Shia groups often receive discrimination from Sunni groups. In dealing with this, sometimes government intervention through its policies is needed. In this study, the authors focus on cases of conflict that have occurred in Sampang and Yogyakarta. Shia groups who are facing discrimination in these two locations appear to be different. Shia groups in Sampang suffered a tragic fate and were expelled from their hometown, while the Shia groups in Yogyakarta did not experience the same fate. This study uses a qualitative method using a case study approach based on Ralf Dahrendorf's conflict theory and Lewis A. Coser's functional theory. This study discovered that the factors of state policy formation in Sampang case which tends to be conflictual are as follows: 1) Social factors: the cause of the conflict starts from the internal conflict of the KH Makmun’s family 2) Cultural factors: the commemoration of the birthday of the Prophet (Maulid Nabi). 3) Political factors: it was coincided with the events of local elections in Sampang (2012) and East Java governoral election (2013) which cause contestations for public votes. 4) Economic factors: the reduction of clerics’ incomes during the commemoration of the Prophet's birthday, followed by a plan for oil and gas exploration. Meanwhile, the factors of state policy formation in Yogyakarta case which tends to be peaceful are as follows: 1) Social factors: the RausyanFikr community has a strategy in defending their rights in the community by merging with the surrounding community. 2). Cultural factors: heterogeneous Yogyakarta society and the tradition of Javanese tolerance (tepo seliro). 3). Political factors: the Rausyan Fikr group does not involve themselves in any political issues and there is no political competition for the votes of the governor (Sultan). 4). Economic factors: the RF group does not have any economic relations to compete with surrounding residents. 5). Other factors: the issue of thought and philosophy which is used as daily-menu of this group and the intervention of the   government of Yogyakarta to protect all members of the community. Therefore, alternative state policies that can be applied in multicultural societies to solve minority-majority problems are the politics of multiculturalism proposed by Charles Taylor 

scholarly journals Pasang Surut Pemikiran Al-Syafi’I Telaah Pemikiran Qaul Qadim dan Qaul Jadid dengan Pendekatan Teori Siklus Ibnu Khaldun

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-77
Author(s):  
A. Halil Thahir
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Difference Factor ◽  
The Law

This article discusses the ups and downs of al-Shafi'i's thinking, which are three periods. First, the learning period, is the period when al-Shafi'i in Mecca, Medina, Yemen, Iraq first (pre-Baghdad). second, the period where al-Shafi'i resided in Iraq, qaul qadim, third, the period when al-Shafi'i lived in Egypt, qaul jadid. This library research examines and reveals the following issues: what are the factors behind the change in the law thoughts of al-Shafi'i ? And how did al-Shafi'i's thoughts change according to the perspective of Ibn Khaldun's cycle theory ?, using the law sociology approach, that is Ibn Khaldun's cycle theory as a knife of analysis. The theory conceptualizes the change in civilization from the condition of badawah as a condition of beginning and formation, hadarah as a phase of development and progress, to the condition of inqiradh, a period of decline. Changes in the law thoughts of al-Shafi'i from pre-qaul qadim, qaul qadim to qaul jadid were motivated and influenced by several things, namely: geographical factors, cultural factors and customs, scientific factors, social factors, economic factors, political factors, and difference factor in the use of theorem. Whereas the change experienced three conditions, namely the condition of badawah for the pre-qaul qadim phase, the condition of hadarah for the qaul qadim period, and the condition of inqiradh, during the qaul jadid period.

Ekspektasi Pendaftaran Tanah Sistematis Lengkap Terhadap Faktor Sosial dan Ekonomi Masyarakat

Tunas Agraria ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wahyu Andi Kurniawan ◽  
Setiowati Setiowati ◽  
Theresia Supriyanti
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Social Factor ◽  
Economic Factor ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Public Expectations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Land Titling ◽  
Strong Relation ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract: The implementation of the PTSL Program by the government annually has the objective that all land parcels in Indonesia can be fully registered by 2025. One of the products of the implementation of the PTSL Program is the ownership of a land titling certificate that has social and economic impact on the community. Given the social and economic impacts of land rights certificates, the public's expectation of the PTSL Program will increase. This study aims to analyze the relationship and the influence of social and economic factors felt by the community with expectations on the implementation of PTSL in 2017. The research method used is quantitative by using a measure of Likert scale which is then analyzed based on correlation coefficient and regression so it is known that the relationship and the influence of social and economic factors with expectations of private universities. The result of this research is there is a significant correlation between social factor and economic factor with expectation to PTSL equal to 0,531 so that can be categorized as strong relation with significance value 0,000 <0,05. There is a significant influence between social factors and economic factors with expectations of PTSL of 0.298 with a significance value of 0.000 <0.05.Keywords: complete systematic land registry, public expectations, social and economic factor Intisari: Pelaksanaan Program PTSL oleh pemerintah setiap tahunnya memiliki tujuan agar seluruh bidang tanah di Indonesia dapat terdaftar seluruhnya pada tahun 2025. Salah satu produk dari pelaksanaan Program PTSL adalah kepemilikan sertipikat hak atas tanah yang memiliki dampak sosial dan ekonomi kepada masyarakat. Dengan adanya dampak sosial dan ekonomi dari sertipikat hak atas tanah maka harapan masyarakat terhadap Program PTSL akan semakin meningkat.Penelitian ini bertujuanmenganalisis hubungan dan pengaruh faktor sosial dan ekonomi yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat dengan ekspektasi terhadap pelaksanaan PTSL pada tahun 2017. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan menggunakan alat ukur berupa skala likert yang kemudian dianalisis berdasarkan koefisien korelasi dan regresi sehingga diketahui besar hubungan dan pengaruh faktor sosial dan ekonomi dengan ekspektasi terhadap PTSL.Hasil penelitian ini yaitu terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor sosial dan faktor ekonomi dengan ekspektasi terhadap PTSL sebesar 0,531 sehingga dapat dikategorikan sebagai hubungan yang kuat dengan nilai signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Terdapat pengaruh yang signifikan antara faktor sosial dan faktor ekonomi dengan ekspektasi terhadap PTSL sebesar 0,298 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 < 0,05.Kata kunci: pendaftaran tanah sistematis lengkap, ekspektasi masyarakat, faktor sosial dan ekonomi

scholarly journals The Regulatory Model for Eradication Corruption in Infrastructure Funding

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Julyatika Fitriyaningrum ◽  
Ridwan Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Regional Development ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Institutional Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Legislative Policies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Regulatory Model

This study aims to identify the causes and formulate a regulatory model for the eradication of Corruption in regional infrastructure development funds in Indonesia. This research was conducted by examining cases and laws related to Corruption. Some of the causes of corruption in regional development funds are: 1)Historical Factors; 2)Economic Factors; 3)Cultural Factors and 4)Institutional Factors. Although all four factors have been identified, there are still many countries that have not succeeded in eradicating corruption. An extraordinary crime requires extraordinary effort. The Government of Indonesia needs to formulate legislative policies with those manifested in specific deviant provisions. In addition, there are four approaches that are needed, namely legal approach, moralistic-religious approach, socio-cultural approach, and educational approaches. Massive actions must also be taken in various regions to start an anti-corruption measure.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on the Factors and Process of the Changes in the Labor Policy -Analysis on the Revisions in the Labor Relations Law-

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (0) ◽  
pp. 61-74
Author(s):  
Seonil Cho
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Labor Policy ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this study is to analyze the reason and process of labor policy changes in Korea. For this purpose, I analyzed three cases which were made respectively in 1980, 1987, and 1997. An analytical tool for policy change process is basically modified from the view point of policy making process theory, adaptable to the Korean situation. In the authoritative government period, political factors were most influential to changes in the labor policy. But through the process of democratization, socio-economic factors are more influential on the change of labor-management relations acts than that of others. Besides, the changes in the policy making process and the policy contents are mainly affected by the power relations among labor-management-government. Also, the government took the initiative in the process of labor policy making. Accordingly, political factors were most influential on the agenda-setting phase of labor policy changes. But because of the democratization of society and the growth of the private sector, the role of government is increasingly restricted. As a result, the three participants of the labor policy change are now interacting strategically. Therefore, Policy change is mainly determined by the power balance among labor-management-government relations. Korean labor-management relations acts are generally outlined by the macro-factors such as political, economic and social factors. The revision of labor-management relations acts are less affected by the characteristics of the policy making system. The revision of individual labor-management relations acts are more affected by the economic factors, while that of the collective labor-management relations acts are more affected by political factors.

scholarly journals Effect analysis of the driving factors of super-gentrification using structural equation modeling

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0248265
Author(s):  
Jiangang Shi ◽  
Kaifeng Duan ◽  
Quanwei Xu ◽  
Jiajia Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Spatial Factors

The study of super-gentrification has important practical significance for maintaining social fairness, spatial justice and achieving sustainable urban development. In this article, 23 driving factors influencing super-gentrification are identified by literature research and Delphi method. Then, the 23 driving factors affecting super-gentrification are divided into four dimensions: political, economic, social and spatial dimension. On this basis, hypotheses are proposed and a structural equation model is established. Then, SPSS 25.0 and AMOS 24.0 software are used to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire data, and the model results are fitted and modified. Finally, the optimization model and path coefficient of super-gentrification driving factors are calculated. The results of the study show that political factors, economic factors, social factors, and spatial factors, all play a positive role in the development of super-gentrification. Social factors are the fundamental factors to promote super-gentrification, political factors, economic factors, and spatial factors also play a key role in the super-gentrification process.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF MARKETING TOURISM FACTORS IN BANDUNG CITY’S LEADING TOURISM OBJECTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Mutia Tri Satya ◽  
Yuyus Yudistria ◽  
Muhamad Asdar ◽  
Abdul Razak Munir
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Environmental Perception ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
Tourism Marketing ◽  
Creative City ◽  
The City ◽  
Media Group

Based on measurements made by Frontier Consulting Group and Tempo Media Group, the tourism index of Bandung City is one of the highest in Indonesia, reaching 95.30 or higher than Denpasar City with Tourism Index 87.65 and City of Yogyakarta with Tourism Index 85.68. Bandung has many excellent tourist objects that have their attraction. Bandung, as a creative city, always tries to create a different tourism concept. It is done as a marketing tourism strategy to increase the number of tourists who come to visit the city of Bandung. This research examines how much these factors influence marketing tourism, and which factors are the most dominant in affecting marketing tourism. Based on the result of the six tourism marketing factors, namely economic factors, social factors, cultural factors, tourist attraction factors, perceptions of information technology, and environmental perception factors, which were previously formed by 31 manifest variables. The dominant new factor found in representing the factors of tourism marketing, namely the environmental attractiveness factor.

scholarly journals This time was different: the budgetary responses to the pandemic-induced crisis in Estonia

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 847-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ringa Raudla ◽  
James W. Douglas
Keyword(s):  
Interesting Case ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Fiscal Consolidation ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Fiscal Stimulus ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Party Composition ◽  
The Government ◽  
Fiscal Conservatism

PurposeSince regaining its independence, the Estonian government has followed policies of fiscal consolidation when responding to economic crises. Its response to the COVID-19-crisis has been quite different – it has authorized additional expenditures, cut taxes and incurred considerable debt. This paper gives an overview of the budgetary measures adopted and explores the question: why was it different this time?Design/methodology/approachThe authors draw upon policy documents to zoom in on the main political, institutional and economic factors that help to explain Estonia's departure from extreme fiscal conservatism in the midst of the global pandemic.FindingsThe authors found the key political factors to be the party composition of the government, policy diffusion and policy learning. Key economic factors included Estonia's very low level of debt prior to the crisis and credit market advantages gained from Eurozone membership.Originality/valueEstonia presents an interesting case because in all previous crises it responded with fiscal consolidation, whereas it is now responding with extensive fiscal stimulus.

scholarly journals DAMPAK SOSIAL KONFLIK ETNIK DI KINALI 1999-2010

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-84
Author(s):  
Welly Ibrahim ◽  
Ansofino Ansofino ◽  
Ahmad Nurul Huda
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Groups ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Dominant Culture ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

Kinali is an area inhabited by diverse ethnic with different cultures, namely Minangkabau, Mandailings, and Java. The area consists of diverse ethnic, there is always the potential for conflict. The conflict in 1999 between ethnic Minang and Mandailing in the wake of misunderstanding between the two warring ethnic ie ethnic Mandailing ethnic Minang and eventually led to a major conflict anarchistic. The impact of the conflict in the district Kinali West Pasaman on society viewed from social and cultural factors that people prefer not to socialize and interact with other ethnic groups, the social and economic factors of conflict have an impact on the decrease in public income and region for post-conflict societies choose to not interact and one of which is not to the market. Social factors are political, namely the attitude of the ethnic Mandailing are not adaptive in the pattern of relationship with the dominant culture in Kinali caused by the attitude of discriminative ethnic Minang in Kinali against ethnic Mandailing in various facets of life which they live for these finally bear aversion to mambaur and mingle normal and reasonable.Kinali adalah daerah yang ditinggali beragam etnik dengan latar budaya yang berbeda, yakni etnik Minankabau, Mandailing, dan Jawa. Daerah yang terdiri dari beragam etnik, selalu ada potensi munculnya konflik. Konflik yang terjadi pada tahun 1999 antara etnik Minang dan etnik Mandailing di latarbelakangi karena kesalahpahaman antara kedua etnik yang bertikai yaitu etnik Minang dan etnik Mandailing akhirnya berujung ke konflik besar yang bersifat anarkis. Dampak dari konflik di Kecamatan Kinali Pasaman Barat terhadap masyarakat dilihat dari faktor sosial budaya yaitu masyarakat lebih memilih untuk tidak bersosialisasi dan berinteraksi dengan etnik lain, pada faktor sosial ekonomi konflik berdampak kepada terjadinya penurunan penghasilan masyarakat dan daerah karena pasca konflik masyarakat memilih untuk tidak berinteraksi dan salah satunya tidak kepasar. Faktor sosial politik yaitu sikap orang etnik Mandailing yang tidak adaptif dalam pola hubungannya dengan kebudayaan dominan yang ada di Kinali disebabkan oleh sikap deskriminatif etnik Minang di Kinali terhadap etnik Mandailing dalam berbagai segi kehidupan yang mereka jalani selama ini yang akhirnya berbuah keengganan untuk mambaur dan bergaul secara normal dan wajar.

scholarly journals Assessing socio-cultural factors affecting integration of Almajiris into formal education system in Katsina state, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177
Author(s):  
Adekunle Thomas Olutola ◽  
Rafiu Ademola Olatoye ◽  
Garba Kofanaisa Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Education System ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Government ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

This study investigated the socio-cultural factors affecting integration into the formal education system in Katsina State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. There were 653 Almajiris purposively selected from twelve Almajiris schools in Katsina State. A researcher-designed questionnaire titled: ‘‘Almajiris socio-cultural factors questionnaire’’ (ASCFQ) with test-retest reliability coefficient of 0.88 was used to collect data for the study. Analysis of data was carried out using frequencies and percentages. Findings revealed that most parents abandon their children in these informal Arabic schools. Most Almajiris (603, that is 92.3%) responded that their Mallams (Teachers) do not feed them. Therefore, the only means of survival is through begging and doing menial jobs. Based on these findings, it is recommended that all the identified socio-economic factors affecting the integration of Almajiris into the formal education system should be addressed by the government. This can be done through public enlightenment campaigns and provision of incentives.

scholarly journals State policy for the development of multimodal transportation by clean and energy efficient motor transport

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (71) ◽  
pp. 884-902
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Datsii ◽  
Nataliia Levchenko ◽  
Gannа Shyshkanova ◽  
Oleg Platonov ◽  
Viktoriia Zalizniuk
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
The State ◽  
Multimodal Transportation ◽  
Electric Cars ◽  
The Government

The article substantiates the need for the Government of Ukraine to form a state policy for the development of multimodal transportation by clean and energy efficient vehicles, which will accelerate Ukraine's integration into the European and world space. The main strategic priorities for the development of multimodal transport, provided by the National Transport Strategy of Ukraine until 2030, are studied and its gaps are emphasized. The state policies of the developed countries concerning popularization of multimodal freight transportations by electric cars are considered and their comparative analysis is carried out. During the study, the following methods were used: comparative analysis, strategic analysis, - GAP-analysis, abstract-logical. It is substantiated that the formation of the balanced state policy for the development of clean and energy efficient multimodal transportation should be carried out with a presize definition of the stage and sequence of actions, ie in accordance with a guide for the state policy formation. The present paper is dedicated to the development of the guide. The author's guide is aimed at protecting the environment and ensuring the interests of present and future generations in a favorable environmentally friendly living conditions.

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