scholarly journals Narcotic Drug Detection and Identification through Synchronous Fluorescence Technique

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 534-537
Author(s):  
Shalini Mittal ◽  
Kiranmala Laishram ◽  
Saurabh Inamdar ◽  
N. R. Das ◽  
A. K. Razdan
Keyword(s):  
Synchronous Fluorescence ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Narcotic Drug ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Lamp Source

Illegal production of potentially hazardous narcotics as well as various psychotropic drugs is being carried out in the neighbouring countries and international market which is causing narco-terrorism a global havoc. Compared with traditional/natural drugs the synthetic drugs are more smuggled nowadays. Because of the vulnerability of the borders to drug trafficking, India has increased surveillance at borders and coasts and thus has tackled the problem to some extent. Authors developing a Narcotic drug sensor (point sensor) for detection and identification of Narcotic drugs based on Laser Induced Fluorescence more specifically Synchronous Fluorescence Spectroscopy in an effort. Some narcotic samples viz. Caffeine, Quinine and Tramadol were considered for the study. The fluorescence spectrum was studied using our own laboratory-based sensor incorporating charge coupled device-based Spectrometer and Laser source (266 nm wavelength) and commercial system from ‘Horiba Scientific’ incorporating Photomultiplier tube and Xe lamp source.

scholarly journals Drug-trafficking as a Non-traditional Security Threat: Emerging Trends and Responses

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Pushpita Das
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Drug Trafficking ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
International Borders ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
Criminal Groups ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Natural Drugs

India‟s proximity to two of the world‟s largest producers of opium and synthetic drugs and its large pharmaceutical base has made the country not only a conduit but also a source for drug trafficking. This illegal movement of narcotics and drugs pose significant threats to national security: breach of security of the international borders and the country, money generated by the sale of drugs and narcotics are used for terror funding and criminal groups engaged in drug trafficking develop nexus with terror networks. The trends and patterns of drug trafficking in the country demonstrate that there has been a gradual shift from traditional/natural drugs towards synthetic drugs that are being trafficked and consumed in the country. The paper analyses the steps taken by the State to curb the process and its effectiveness so far.

Rheumatoid Arthritis: History, Stages, Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Diagnosis and Treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Fauzi Al-Rubaye ◽  
Mohanad Jawad Kadhim ◽  
Imad Hadi Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Relieve Pain ◽  
Medicinal Treatment ◽  
Natural Drugs

The pharmacological mechanisms of the medicinal plants traditionally used for RA in Persian medicine are discussed in the current review. Further investigations are mandatory to focus on bioefficacy of these phytochemicals for finding novel natural drugs. Rheumatoid arthritis is chronic, progressive, disabling autoimmune disease characterized by systemic inflammation of joints, damaging cartilage and bone around the joints. It is a systemic disease which means that it can affect the whole body and internal organs such as lungs, heart and eyes. Although numbers of synthetic drugs are being used as standard treatment for rheumatoid arthritis but they have adverse effect that can compromise the therapeutic treatment. Unfortunately, there is still no effective known medicinal treatment that cures rheumatoid arthritis as the modern medicine can only treat the symptoms of this disease that means to relieve pain and inflammation of joints. It is possible to use the herbs and plants in various forms in order to relieve the pain and inflammation in the joints. There are so many medicinal plants that have shown anti rheumatoid arthritis properties. So the plants and plant product with significant advantages are used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. The present review is focused on the medicinal plants having anti rheumatoid arthritis activity

scholarly journals Seeing the Unseen of the Combination of Two Natural Resins, Frankincense and Myrrh: Changes in Chemical Constituents and Pharmacological Activities

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (17) ◽  
pp. 3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Cao ◽  
Xi-Chuan Wei ◽  
Xiao-Rong Xu ◽  
Hai-Zhu Zhang ◽  
Chuan-Hong Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Channel Characteristics ◽  
Natural Resins ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Natural Drugs

For the treatment of diseases, especially chronic diseases, traditional natural drugs have more effective therapeutic advantages because of their multi-target and multi-channel characteristics. Among many traditional natural medicines, resins frankincense and myrrh have been proven to be effective in the treatment of inflammation and cancer. In the West, frankincense and myrrh have been used as incense in religious and cultural ceremonies since ancient times; in traditional Chinese and Ayurvedic medicine, they are used mainly for the treatment of chronic diseases. The main chemical constituents of frankincense and myrrh are terpenoids and essential oils. Their common pharmacological effects are anti-inflammatory and anticancer. More interestingly, in traditional Chinese medicine, frankincense and myrrh have been combined as drug pairs in the same prescription for thousands of years, and their combination has a better therapeutic effect on diseases than a single drug. After the combination of frankincense and myrrh forms a blend, a series of changes take place in their chemical composition, such as the increase or decrease of the main active ingredients, the disappearance of native chemical components, and the emergence of new chemical components. At the same time, the pharmacological effects of the combination seem magically powerful, such as synergistic anti-inflammation, synergistic anticancer, synergistic analgesic, synergistic antibacterial, synergistic blood-activation, and so on. In this review, we summarize the latest research on the main chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of these two natural resins, along with chemical and pharmacological studies on the combination of the two.

Research on Magnet Excitation and Image Processing Used in Visual Detection

2011 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 793-797
Author(s):  
Li Bing Bai ◽  
Shu Lin Tian ◽  
Yu Hua Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Visual Detection ◽  
Polarized Light ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Magnetic Excitation ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
A Charge

A novel visual detection set, which can detect sub-superficial defects in conductive specimens, is presented in this paper. The set has a laser source, a charge coupled device (CCD) camera, and a magnetic excitation. The linear polarized light given off by the laser source is modulated by the superimposition of the magnetic fields induced by the coil and eddy current, and acquired by the CCD. Given the exciting current is known and the eddy current is influenced by the defects, the information of defects can be extracted from the image acquired by CCD. The magnet excitation and image processing are described in detail. Experimental tests have been done and the method presented is proved by the experimental results.

scholarly journals Mechanism of drug-induced liver injury and hepatoprotective effects of natural drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfeng Zhou ◽  
Junnan Wang ◽  
Dingkun Zhang ◽  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
Qinghua Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Drug Induced Liver Injury ◽  
Health Products ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effects ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Traditional Natural ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Natural Medicines

AbstractDrug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a common adverse drug reaction (ADR) and a serious threat to health that affects disease treatments. At present, no targeted clinical drugs are available for DILI. Traditional natural medicines have been widely used as health products. Some natural medicines exert specific hepatoprotective effects, with few side effects and significant clinical efficacy. Thus, natural medicines may be a promising direction for DILI treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge, common drugs and mechanisms of DILI, as well as the clinical trials of natural drugs and their bioactive components in anticipation of the future development of potential hepatoprotective drugs.

Therapeutic Potential of Herbal Molecules against Breast Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramji Gupta ◽  
Prem Shankar Mishra ◽  
Nidhi Kala ◽  
Aravinda Pai ◽  
Rishabha Malviya
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Literature Survey ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Natural Drugs ◽  
Secondary Information ◽  
Aggressive Breast Cancer

Background: Since last decades, breast cancer has emerged as one of the most aggressive form of cancer causing highest mortality rates. The synthetic drugs available for the treatment of breast cancer either have high toxicity or becoming resistant. In view of this, researchers are constantly in search of natural drugs that can control aggressive breast cancer and same time possess less toxicity. Aim: The aim of the manuscript was to summarize potential herbal molecules having significant activity against breast cancer. Methods: Extensive literature survey was carried out to compile data obtained from primary and secondary information sources. Google scholar, science direct, bentham science, springer, pubmed. etc were used as source of data. Result and discussion: In the present review, an attempt has been made to summarize herbal molecules which have shown promising results against breast cancer either in preliminary studies or in clinical studies. Herbal molecules gain good attention among scientific community for their therapeutic properties against breast cancer. Conclusion: After literature survey it was also concluded that herbal molecules have significant potential to control growth of breast cancer.

scholarly journals Examination of Peak Power Dependence in the UV Inactivation of Bacterial Spores

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 5830-5832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane K. Rice ◽  
Michael Ewell
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Radiation Source ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Laser Source ◽  
Bacterial Spores ◽  
High Peak Power ◽  
Power Dependence ◽  
Uv Laser ◽  
Lamp Source

ABSTRACT We examine whether the rate of delivery of photons from a UV radiation source has an effect on the inactivation of spores. We directly compare the output of a high-peak-power UV laser source at 248 nm to a low-power continuous lamp source (254 nm) in the inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores. The two UV sources differ by a factor of 108 in peak power. Contrary to previous reports, no clear differences in spore survival were observed.

scholarly journals Recent advances in immunosensor for narcotic drug detection

Bioimpacts ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonu Gandhi ◽  
Pankaj Suman ◽  
Ashok Kumar ◽  
Prince Sharma ◽  
Neena Capalash ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Narcotic Drug ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
Recent Advances

scholarly journals Identification of Multi-Class Drugs Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy and Bidirectional Generative Adversarial Networks

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1088
Author(s):  
Anbing Zheng ◽  
Huihua Yang ◽  
Xipeng Pan ◽  
Lihui Yin ◽  
Yanchun Feng
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Generative Adversarial Networks ◽  
Drug Detection ◽  
Adversarial Networks ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
Supervision And Management ◽  
Optimal Accuracy ◽  
Multi Classification

Drug detection and identification technology are of great significance in drug supervision and management. To determine the exact source of drugs, it is often necessary to directly identify multiple varieties of drugs produced by multiple manufacturers. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR) combined with chemometrics is generally used in these cases. However, existing NIR classification modeling methods have great limitations in dealing with a large number of categories and spectra, especially under the premise of insufficient samples, unbalanced samples, and sensitive identification error cost. Therefore, this paper proposes a NIR multi-classification modeling method based on a modified Bidirectional Generative Adversarial Networks (Bi-GAN). It makes full utilization of the powerful feature extraction ability and good sample generation quality of Bi-GAN and uses the generated samples with obvious features, an equal number between classes, and a sufficient number within classes to replace the unbalanced and insufficient real samples in the courses of spectral classification. 1721 samples of four kinds of drugs produced by 29 manufacturers were used as experimental materials, and the results demonstrate that this method is superior to other comparative methods in drug NIR classification scenarios, and the optimal accuracy rate is even more than 99% under ideal conditions.

Simultaneous formulation of terbinafine and salvia monoterpenes into chitosan hydrogel with testing biological activity of corresponding dialysates against C. albicans yeast

2017 ◽  
Vol 72 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kodadová ◽  
Zuzana Vitková ◽  
Jarmila Oremusová ◽  
Petra Herdová ◽  
Anton Ťažký ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
In Vitro Activity ◽  
Gel Properties ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogel ◽  
Synthetic Drugs ◽  
Inhibition Concentration ◽  
Antimycotic Activity ◽  
Chitosan Hydrogels ◽  
Natural Drugs

Abstract This work was aimed at a progressive formulation of drugs into chitosan hydrogels. It was taken into consideration that a therapeutic effect of the drugs could be enhanced by a combination of natural compounds with chemical (synthetic) drugs. In this work, sage essential oil (SEO) bicyclic monoterpenes with antiflogistic, antiseptic, and antimycotic properties were combined with terbinafine (TB) having a strong antimycotic activity. Detail optimization of the hydrogel-drugs composition (SEO monoterpenes, TB, chitosan, and polysorbate 80 concentrations), based on permeation experiment and UV absorption/GC-MS analysis of permeated species (eucalyptol, camphor, borneol, thujone, TB) in dialysates, was made. Concerning the active drugs formulation, an optimum concentration of TB was set at the level providing maximum release of the SEO monoterpenes. In vitro activity of the dialysates from the optimized hydrogel was tested against Candida albicans showing that a minimum inhibition concentration was significantly exceeded. The experimental results revealed that the chitosan hydrogel was suitable for the simultaneous formulation of the natural drugs (SEO) with chemical drug (TB) resulting in the preparation with acceptable stability, required gel properties, and significant biological activity. Such preparation should be effective in an antimycotic dermal use.

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