scholarly journals Hukum Yang “Berperasaan” Dalam Penyelesaian Konflik Antara Budaya Dan Agama: Penolakan Administratif Terhadap Tradisi Sedekah Laut

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 499-510
Author(s):  
Dumaria Simanjuntak ◽  
Retno Saraswati ◽  
Sukirno Sukirno
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Strong Connection ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The Law ◽  
Culture Tradition

Abstract This study aims to explain the meaning of the symbol of the tradition called "Sedekah Laut." It creates a cultural and religious conflicts frequently and explains how the law should be able to resolve social conflicts by "Berperasaan." This "berperasaan" law is based on the progressive legal theory which states that the law must serve the society by providing benefits rather than merely punishing. The results of the discussion showed that there is a strong connection between culture and religion, namely “Sedekah Laut” is a form of practice of the gratitude of the local society to God. This form of gratitude is an expression of gratitude for the gift that has been given. Also, this is a way of respect to God who has guarded the sea, which is believed to be something important related to the safety of society. The relation of this research to the study of law is how law can be a tool to resolve conflicts between culture and religion. Resolving conflict by law is done by looking at symbols as cultural values that have been long-lived in that local society. Keywords: Culture, Tradition, Law, Values Of Society, Social Conflict,  Abstrak  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan makna simbol dari tradisi “sedekah laut” yang seringkali menimbulkan benturan budaya dan agama itu terjadi dan menjelaskan bagaimana seharusnya hukum dapat menyelesaikan konflik sosial dengan “berperasaan”. Hukum “berperasaan” ini dilandaskan pada teori hukum progresif yang menyatakan bahwa Hukum harus mengabdi kepada masyarakat dengan memberi kebermanfaatan dari pada hanya sekedar menghukumi. Hasil pembahasan menunjukan bahwa ada keterkaitan yang kuat antara budaya dan agama yaitu upacara simbolis Sedekah Laut merupakan wujud implementasi rasa syukur masyarakat setempat kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa. Wujud syukur ini sebagai ungkapan terima kasih atas pemberian yang telah diberikan. Selain itu, hal ini sebagai wujud rasa hormat mereka untuk menjaga laut yang diyakini berperan penting demi menjaga keselamatan masyarakat. Kaitan penelitian ini dengan studi hukum adalah bahwa bagaimana hukum dapat menjadi alat menyelesaikan konflik antara budaya dan agama. Penyelesain konflik ini oleh hukum dilakukan dengan melihat simbol-simbol sebagai nilai budaya yang telah lama hidup dalam masyarakat setempat. Kata kunci: Budaya, Tradisi, Hukum, Pandangan Hidup, Konflik Sosial, Konflik. 

scholarly journals PEMETAAN KONFLIK SOSIAL DAN PAHAM RADIKAL SEBAGAI SUATU KENISCAYAN DI BATAM PROPINSI KEPULAUAN

PERADA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-105
Author(s):  
PAUZI PAUZI ◽  
Khairuddin Said
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Social Conflicts ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
Almost All

Fokus kajian artikel ini hendak mengetahui tentang peta potensi konflik dan aksi radikalisme di Batam, Kepulauan Riau. Sebagai daerah multikultural dengan beragam golongan, banyak perbedaa yang dimiliki setiap masyarakat Batam. Dengan pembangunannya cukup pesat, Batam telah menjadi magnet bagi kehadiran pendatang untuk turut menjadi bagian dari dinamika pembangunannya. Konsep pembangunan yang memiliki daya dukung yang tinggi ditandai dengan daya dukung lingkungan sosial yang kondusif, benih-benih konflik dan perbedaan faham yang menjurus kepada radikalisme di hampir semua daerah bukan suatu keniscayaan. Dari penelitian yang telah dilakukan, maka diketahui beberapa jenis potensi konflik yang bisa memicu tindak kekerasan, seperti konflik sosial, konflik lingkungan dan agraria, konflik agama. Pontensi konflik yang tertinggi berkemungkinan terjadi di kecamatan Batam Kota, Bengkong, Batuampar, Sekupang dan Galang. Secara umum dapat disimpulkan bahwa konflik sosial dan radikalisme belum menunjukkan permasalahan dan tanda-tanda radikal sedangkan. Namun, untuk konflik agama perlu keseriusan dalam penanganannya terutama dalam hal pendirian rumah ibadah.   Abstract: The focus of this article's study is to find out about the map of potential conflicts and acts of radicalism in Batam, Riau Islands. As a multicultural area with various groups, there are many differences that each Batam community has. With its quite rapid development, Batam has become a magnet for the presence of migrants to be part of the dynamics of its development. The concept of development that has a high carrying capacity is characterized by the carrying capacity of a conducive social environment, the seeds of conflict and differences in understanding that lead to radicalism in almost all regions is not a necessity. From the research that has been done, it is known that there are several types of potential conflicts that can trigger acts of violence, such as social conflicts, environmental and agrarian conflicts, religious conflicts. The highest conflict potential is likely to occur in the sub-districts of Batam Kota, Bengkong, Batuampar, Sekupang and Galang. In general, it can be concluded that social conflict and radicalism have not shown radical problems and signs. However, religious conflicts need to be serious in their handling, especially in terms of the construction of places of worship.

TINJAUAN HUKUM FIKIH TERHADAP HADIAH TABUNGAN DAN GIRO DARI BANK SYARI'AH

ALQALAM ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nadratuzzaman Hosen ◽  
Deden Misbahudin Muayyad
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Islamic Bank ◽  
Literature Reviews ◽  
The Gift ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Law

This article explains about the Islamic law of gift from Bank to customers related to saving and gyro accounts of Islamic Bank. The Islamic Banks give gift directly  and  indirectly  to  new  ettstomers  and  old  customers  through drawing  (qur'ah) or lottery and non-drawing. There are disputes (ikhtilaf) among Islamic Law  Experts (Fuqaha’) about the status of law when Islamic Banks give the gift. Hanafi and  Syafi'i  Schools  of thought  opined  that  the gift  can  be given  to  the customers as long as there is no agreement between bank and costomers meanwhile the banks still have a debt to consumers, this is permissible. Maliki and Hanbali schools opined that the gift is not permissible during the time of borrowing and lending. Majority Islamic Exsperts allow to give gift after banks have already paid­ back the debt to consumers as long as there is no agreement between bank and cusiomers, but Maliki School do not allow lo give gift at that condition. Also, for giving gift should free from gambling or elements of gambling (muqamarah).  The method of this article is using literature reviews from classical Islamic Law's books and contemporary Islamic law's books related to drawing or lottery and gambling, meanwhile the aims if this mticle are to investigate the law status if gift from bank to new customers and old customers with direct and indirect ways.   Keywords : gift, saving and gyro accounts, disputes, drawing and elements of gambling

ИЗМЕНЕНИЕ ПАРАДИГМЫ МЕТОДОЛОГИИ ЮРИСПРУДЕНЦИИ

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 32-40
Author(s):  
Ю. М. Оборотов
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The State ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Methodological Question ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The Law

В современной методологии юриспруденции происходит переход от изучения состо­яний ее объекта, которыми выступают право и государство, к постижению этого объек­та в его изменениях и превращениях. Две подсистемы методологии юриспруденции, подсистема обращенная к состоянию права и государства; и подсистема обращенная к изменениям права и государства, — получают свое отображение в концептуальной форме, методологических подходах, методах, специфических понятиях. Показательны перемены в содержании методологии юриспруденции, где определяю­щее значение имеют методологические подходы, определяющие стратегию исследова­тельских поисков во взаимосвязи юриспруденции с правом и государством. Среди наи­более характерных подходов антропологический, аксиологический, цивилизационный, синергетический и герменевтический — определяют плюралистичность современной методологии и свидетельствуют о становлении новой парадигмы методологии юриспру­денции.   In modern methodology of jurisprudence there is a transition from the study the states of its object to its comprehension in changes and transformations. Hence the two subsystems of methodology of jurisprudence: subsystem facing the states of the law and the state as well as their components and aspects; and subsystem facing the changes of the law and the state in general and their constituents. These subsystems of methodology of jurisprudence receive its reflection in conceptual form, methodological approaches, methods, specific concepts. Methodology of jurisprudence should not be restricted to the methodology of legal theory. In this regard, it is an important methodological question about subject of jurisprudence. It is proposed to consider the subject of jurisprudence as complex, covering both the law and the state in their specificity, interaction and integrity. Indicative changes in the content methodology of jurisprudence are the usage of decisive importance methodological approaches that govern research strategy searches in conjunction with the law and the state. Among the most characteristic of modern development approaches: anthropological, axiological, civilization, synergistic and hermeneutic. Modern methodology of jurisprudence is pluralistic in nature alleging various approaches to the law and the state. Marked approaches allow the formation of a new paradigm methodology of jurisprudence.

„Rzymski” Żyd – nieznana twórczość Romana Brandstaettera

2012 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-61
Author(s):  
Dariusz Konrad Sikorski
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Role Model ◽  
The Self ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The Law

Summary After 1946, ie. after embracing Christianity, Roman Brandstaetter would often point to the Biblical Jonah as a role model for both his life and his artistic endeavour. In the interwar period, when he was a columnist of Nowy Głos, a New York Polish-Jewish periodical, he used the penname Romanus. The ‘Roman’ Jew appears to have treated his columns as a form of an artistic and civic ‘investigation’ into scandalous cases of breaking the law, destruction of cultural values and violation of social norms. Although it his was hardly ‘a new voice’ with the potential to change the course of history, he did become an intransigent defender of free speech. Brought up on the Bible and the best traditions of Polish literature and culture, Brandstaetter, the self-appointed disciple of Adam Mickiewicz, could not but stand up to the challenge of anti-Semitic aggression.

scholarly journals CASTING THE LIGHT OF THE THEORY OF OPPOSITION ONTO HOHFELD'S FUNDAMENTAL LEGAL CONCEPTS

Legal Theory ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
João Alberto de Oliveira Lima ◽  
Cristine Griffo ◽  
João Paulo A. Almeida ◽  
Giancarlo Guizzardi ◽  
Marcio Iorio Aranha
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
The Core ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Law ◽  
Opposition Theory ◽  
Legal Concepts ◽  
Number Of Authors

Abstract At the core of Hohfeld's contribution to legal theory is a conceptual framework for the analysis of the legal positions occupied by agents in intersubjective legal relations. Hohfeld presented a system of eight “fundamental” concepts relying on notions of opposition and correlation. Throughout the years, a number of authors have followed Hohfeld in applying the notion of opposition to analyze legal concepts. Many of these authors have accounted for Hohfeld's theory in direct analogy with the standard deontic hexagon. This paper reviews some of these accounts and extends them employing recent developments from opposition theory. In particular, we are able to extend application of opposition theory to an open conception of the law. We also account for the implications of abandoning the assumption of conflict-freedom and admitting seemingly conflicting legal positions. This enables a fuller analysis of Hohfeld's conceptual analytical framework. We also offer a novel analysis of Hohfeld's power positions.

The social uses of the law at a Soweto garbage dump: Reclaiming the law and the state in the informal economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melanie Samson
Keyword(s):  
Informal Economy ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Social World ◽  
The State ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Critical Legal Theory ◽  
The Law ◽  
Social Uses

The informal economy is typically understood as being outside the law. However, this article develops the concept ‘social uses of the law’ to interrogate how informal workers understand, engage and deploy the law, facilitating the development of more nuanced theorizations of both the informal economy and the law. The article explores how a legal victory over the Johannesburg Council by reclaimers of reusable and recyclable materials at the Marie Louise landfill in Soweto, South Africa shaped their subjectivities and became bound up in struggles between reclaimers at the dump. Engaging with critical legal theory, the author argues that in a social world where most people do not read, understand, or cite court rulings, the ‘social uses of the law’ can be of greater import than the actual judgement. This does not, however, render the state absent, as the assertion that the court sanctioned particular claims and rights is central to the reclaimers’ social uses of the law. Through the social uses of the law, these reclaimers force us to consider how and why the law, one of the cornerstones of state formation, cannot be separated from the informal ways it is understood and deployed. The article concludes by sketching a research agenda that can assist in developing a more relational understanding of the law and the informal economy.

Jesus' Legal Theory—A Rabbinic Reading

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaim Saiman
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
New York Times ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Politics And Religion ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
American Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Political Philosopher ◽  
President Bush

These are heady times in America's law and religion conversation. On the campaign trail in 1999, then-candidate George W. Bush declared Jesus to be his favorite political philosopher. Since his election in 2001, legal commentators have criticized both President Bush and the Supreme Court for improperly basing their decisions on their sectarian Christian convictions. Though we pledge to be one nation under God, a recent characterization of the law and religion discourse sees America as two sub-nations divided by God. Moreover, debate concerning the intersection between law, politics and religion has moved from the law reviews to the New York Times Sunday Magazine, which has published over twenty feature-length articles on these issues since President Bush took office in 2001. Today, more than anytime in the past century, the ideas of an itinerant first-century preacher from Bethlehem are relevant to American law.

Utilitarianism and the Criminal Law in Colonial India: A Study of the Practical Limits of Utilitarian Jurisprudence

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 739-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Kalyan Raman
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
British India ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Colonial India ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
Common Observation ◽  
The One

The role of legal tradition in the reformist rhetoric of Benthamite Utilitarianism presents us with a contradiction. On the one hand, there is the common observation that Utilitarian jurisprudence was necessarily ahistorical and rejected the past as a source of concepts for reworking the criminal justice system existing in Britain during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. For philosophic reformers such as Bentham, contemporary British criminal justice was to be replaced by a scientific jurisprudence, abstract, universal, and secular in outlook, and antipathetic to the more conservative insistence that the foundations of the penal law continue to be tradition-based. ‘If society was to see any improvement, its law must be reformed; if its law was to be reformed it must be burned to the ground and rebuilt according to a new and rational pattern.’ On the other hand, we find that the very same Utilitarian thinkers, in works describing the state of the law in British India, were concerned with local rather than universal conceptions of criminality. In his 1782 Essay on the Influence of Time and Place in Matters of Legislation, Bentham, for instance, urged the philosophic reformer to temper change in India by fitting Utilitarian judgments about the law to the frames of local society.

Preventive Confinement of Dangerous Offenders

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Morse
Keyword(s):  
Legal Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Legal Issue ◽  
Central Theme ◽  
Sexual Predators ◽  
Dangerous Offenders ◽  
New Form ◽  
The Law ◽  
The One ◽  
Constitutional Regime

How to respond justly to the dangers persistent violent offenders present is a vexing moral and legal issue. On the one hand, we wish to reduce predation; on the other, we want to treat predators fairly. The central theme of this paper is that it is difficult to achieve both goals without compromising one of them, and that both are being seriously undermined. I begin by explaining the legal theory, doctrine and practice governing dangerous offenders (DO) and demonstrate that the law leaves a gap in the ability to confine them. Next I explore the means by which the law has overtly or covertly sought to fill the gap. Many of these measures, especially the new form of civil commitment for sexual predators, dangerously conflate moral and medical categories. I conclude that pure preventive detention is more common than we usually assume, but that this practice violates fundamental assumptions concerning liberty under the American constitutional regime.

scholarly journals The Theory of Interpretation in Solving Contemporary Legal Issues: With A Focus on the Instrument of Ijtihad

2018 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 05056
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman M.A.Albelahi ◽  
A. Ali ◽  
Faten Mohmed ◽  
Metwally Ali
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Legal Theory ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Legal Interpretation ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Essential Question ◽  
Judicial Reasoning ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Legislation

Since the beginning, legal theory has concerned itself with the establishment of principles and precepts that govern the procedure of legal interpretation, from the initial stages of the judicial reasoning down to the promulgation of ruling and their implementation, Islam is a total way of life. Muslims are obliged to abide by the rules of Allah in every aspect of their lives, always and wherever they live. However, the actual rules of Allah as given in the Qur’an and the sunna are limited. The Qur’an contains only six hundred verses directly related to laws, and there are approximately two thousand hadiths. The function of interpretation is to discover the intention of the Lawmaker of the matter, therefore, interpretat primarily concerned with the discovery of that which is rot self-evident the objective of interpretation is to ascertain the intention c the Lawmaker with regard to what has been left unexpressed as a matter of necessary interference from the surrounding circumstances. Sometimes, the textual sources did not provide detailed guidelines in which to derive the law, and then the role of interpretation is important to determine the law. In Islamic law the role of Ijtihad undoubtedly important in order to meet new problems. But some of the Jurist contended that the role of Ijtihad had ended and we have to follow the rule that has been stated. An explanation given to this trend is that a point had been reached at which all essential question of law had been thoroughly discussed and further deliberation was deemed unnecessary. In Common law, man-made law and legislation are related to one another within a philosophy of law. Parliament makes law and it is the duty of the courts to give effect to them if properly enacted. While courts may rule that a particular statute or section is invalid for various reasons such as unconstitutionality, they cannot say, "We shall change this Act because it is not appropriate". That function belongs to Parliament (Wu Min Aun 1990: 120). So as in Islamic law, the Lawmaker is Allah S.w.t and the sacred text (Quran) is legislated due to His intention whereas Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad is enacted due to the Prophet's intention. Therefore, Ulama of Usul Fiqh, in making any Ijtihad, they are du y bound to be guided by Quran and Sunnah.

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