scholarly journals Komposisi dan Kelimpahan Ophiuroidea dan Echinoidea di Perairan Pantai Pok Tunggal, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Herlina Lestari Pakpahan ◽  
Irwani Irwani ◽  
Ita Widowati

ABSTRAK: Echinodermata merupakan salah satu komponen penting dalam keaneka ragaman fauna di ekosistem pantai. Habitat utama echinodermata adalah terumbu karang, hal ini karena terumbu karang berperan sebagai tempat berlindung dan mencari makan bagi fauna echinodermata. Salah satu penyebaran biota ini adalah di perairan rataan terumbu karang pantai selatan di pantai Pok Tunggal, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis dan struktur komunitas echinodermata di pantai Pok Tunggal,  kabupaten Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Juli 2019 di pantai Pok Tunggal. Metode pengambilan data kelimpahan menggunakan metode transek kuadrat berukuran 1x1 m, parameter kualitas perairan yang diukur adalah salinitas, DO, pH, serta suhu. Analisis  data meliputi identifikasi spesies, kelimpahan jenis (ind/m2), indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman dan indeks dominansi. Hasil pengamatan ditemukan beberapa spesies, dari 2 kelas filum echinodermata, antara lain 2 species dari kelas Ophiuroidea yaitu Ophiocoma erinaceus dan Ophiocoma dentata, 3 species dari kelas Echinoidea yaitu Echinometra oblonga, Echinometra mathei dan Echinothrix diadema. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan individu tertinggi adalah Echinometra oblonga (16,6 ind/m2) dan terendah adalah Echinothrix diadema (0,4 ind/m2). Parameter lingkungan perairan di pantai Pok Tunggal pada setiap stasiun masih menunjang kehidupan Echinodermata. Struktur komunitas echinodermata yaitu nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H‟) berkisar antara 0,667-1,198, nilai indeks keseragaman (E) berkisar antara 0,744 - 0,999 dan nilai indeks dominansi (C) berkisar berkisar 0,308 - 0,525. ABSTRACT: Echinoderms are one of important component of fauna diversity in coastal ecosystems. The main habitat of Echinoderms is coral reefs, because coral reefs act as a shelter and food for echinoderms fauna. This species distributed in the flat waters of the coral reefs of the south coast at Pok Tunggal beach, Gunung Kidul, Yogyakarta. The aim of this study was to determine the species and Community Structure of echinoderms on the Pok Tunggal beach, Gunung Kidul Regency, Yogyakarta. This research was conducted in July 2018 at Pok Tunggal Beach. Sampling was done by using transect quadrant measuring 1x1 m. Parameter of water quality was salinity, DO, pH, and temperature. Data analysis includes species abundance (ind/m2), diversity index, uniformity index and dominance index. The result showed that several species of Echinodermal phylum classes, including 2 species of Ophiuroidea class namely Ophiocoma erinaceus and Ophiocoma dentata, 3 species of Echinoidea class namely Echinometra oblonga, Echinometra mathei and Echinothrix diadema. The highest individual abundance was Echinometra oblonga (16,6 ind/m2) and the lowest was Echinothrix diadema (0,4 ind/m2). The environmental conditions of the waters at the Pok Tunggal beach at each station can support the life of echinoderms. Echinoderms community structure, namely diversity index (H ') ranges from 0,667-1,198, uniformity index (E) ranges from 0,744-0,999 and dominance index value ranges (C) ranges from 0,308-0,525.

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Edy H.P Melmambessy ◽  
Irianis L. Latuperissa ◽  
Marius Agustinus Welliken ◽  
Nova Suryawati Monika ◽  
Rosa Delima Pangaribuan

Maro River is one of the major rivers in Merauke Regency that has a width of about 43-900 m and length of 300 km. The purpose of this study is to find out the type and composition of fish caught using gill net in Maro River, Merauke Regency. This study was conducted in Maro River, Merauke Regency from May to June 2014. It was conducted using survey method. The data analysis included: species composition, relative abundance, availability frequency, diversity index and dominance index. The results of showed 1,084 fish in 17 species with the following composition; 490 of Kurtus gulliveri species (37,01%), 212 of Eleutheronema tetradactylum species (20,33%), 170 of Polydactylus plebeius species (16,30%), 75 of crassilabris Cinetodus species (7,19%), 64 of Cinetodus froggatti species (6,14%), 37 of Argyrosomus amoyensis species (3,55%), 20 of Mugil cephalus species (1,92%), 15 of Megalops cyprinoides species (1,53%), 15 of Thryssa scratchleyi species (1,4%), 12 of Lebtobrama sp species (1,15%), 9 of Lates calcarifer species (0,86%), 7 of Marilyna meraukensis species (0,67%), 7 of Scomberomorus commerson species (0,67%), 5 of Nibea squamosal species (0,48%), 4 of Rhinoptera javanica species (0,38%), 3 of Harpadon microchir species (0,29%) and 1 of Datnioides campbelli species (0,10%). Based on the availability frequency, there are 37 species with a percentage of 100%, 37 species with 67% and 7 species with 33%. The diversity of fish has a moderate value of 1<H’<3. The obtained dominance index value is close to 0, then it is stated that there is no species found to be dominant.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-97
Author(s):  
Zainal Abidin

Periphyton is a community of microorganisms that live attached to or adjacent to a substrate sink. For aquatic organisms, periphyton habitats have a relatively fixed. With it is so, the changes of water quality and substrate greatly affects the composition of his life and abundance. Periphyton composition and abundance depends on the tolerance or sensitivity to environmental changes. This study aims to determine each periphyton community in responding to changes in habitat quality by way of adjustment in community structure. The methodology used in this prektikum involves taking data from four stations along the river Coban Rondo, in each station there are 3 replicates. And take measurements of factors such environments as supportive data turbidity, flow rate, pH, and depth. Analyzed using Simpson's Dominance Index to determine the type of periphyton dominance, as well as morisita similarity indices and cluster analysis. The results showed that the diversity in each station belonging to the category of high (H more than 3.32) because the obtained value of the index H' between 3.2 to 3.48. Species that dominate from the four stations is Pinularia with an average Index Value Important (IVI) 31,5.


2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Ratih Ida Adharini ◽  
Namastra Probosunu

Plankton is an organism that plays an important role as a water food reserve, which is influenced by environmental conditions. This study aims to determine the community structure, abundance and biodiversity of phytoplankton and zooplankton in the intertidal zone of south coast of Yogyakarta during the rainy season. The research was conducted at Pantai Drini, Kukup, and Sundak of Gunungkidul District during December 2016 - February 2017. Sampling was conducted on three observation stations in the intertidal zone of Drini Beach, Kukup, and Sundak twice a month. The water samples were taken with plankton nets number 25, then were fluidized in 4% formalin and stored at low temperatures. The results showed diversity index of plankton in Kukup Beach in January at 1.86 while the lowest value in February at Sundak Beach was 0.87. The highest plankton abundance in January at Sundak Beach was 900 individu L-1 while the lowest value in December at Kukup Beach was 217.8 individu L-1. Based on the diversity index of Shannon-Wiener, intertidal coast waters of Yogyakarta in wet season is categorized as moderate, and dominance index is categorized  as low. Plankton merupakan organisme yang berperan penting sebagai cadangan makanan perairan dan dipengaruhi oleh kondisi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas, kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman plankton pada zona inertidal pantai selatan Yogyakarta selama musim penghujan. Penelitian dilakukan di Pantai Drini, Kukup, dan Sundak Kabupaten Gunungkidul selama bulan Desember 2016 – Februari 2017. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada tiga stasium pengamatan di zona intertidal Pantai Drini, Kukup, dan Sundak setiap dua minggu. Sampel air diambil dengan jaring plankton nomor 25, kemudian sampel plankton difiksasi dalam formalin 4% dan disimpan pada suhu rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukan indeks keanekaragaman jenis plankton tetinggi di Pantai Kukup pada bulan Januari sebesar 1,86 sedangkan nilai terendah pada bulan Februari di Pantai Sundak sebesar 0,87. Kelimpahan plankton tertinggi pada bulan Januari pada Pantai Sundak sebesar 900 individu L-1 sedangkan nilai terendah pada bulan Desember di Pantai Kukup yaitu 217,8 individu L-1. Berdasarkan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wienner maka indeks keanekaragaman di pantai selatan Yogyakarta tergolong rendah-sedang dengan indeks dominansi tergolong rendah.


Author(s):  
Heti Herawati ◽  
Nisa Hidayati Fitri ◽  
Zahidah . ◽  
Asep Sahidin ◽  
Izza Mahdiana Apriliani ◽  
...  

The purpose of this research is to determine the condition of waters in the Citarik River with the periphyton community as a bio indicator. This research was conducted from March-April 2019. The research method used was a survey method at 4 station points, five times sampling with a span of 7 days. The smallest periphyton abundance is in station IV which is 22 ind/cm2 and the most is in station I which is 18278 ind/cm2. Comparison of species deficit values at each station is different, this is influenced by different physical and chemical parameters. The dominance index value in the waters of the Citarik River ranges from 0.1 to 0.8 and the diversity index value ranges from 0.2 to 0.9. The results showed the Citarik River was in a mildly polluted condition.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Fariha Luthfiani ◽  
Sunardi Sunardi ◽  
Hikmat Kasmara

The quality of reservoir waters depends on changes in their physical, chemical, and biological components. Changes in these parameters lead to the emerging of many problems in the reservoir, such as eutrophication and changes in the composition of the phytoplankton community in the reservoir ecosystem. This eutrophication impact can trigger an explosion of dangerous phytoplankton population, such as blue-green algae (Cyanobacteria). Research on the relationship between water quality and the community structure of Cyanobacteria has been carried out. This study used secondary data from the water monitoring report of the Cirata Reservoir from 2013-2017. This study aimed to obtain information on the community structure of Cyanobacteria and environmental parameters that affected the abundance of Cyanobacteria in the reservoir. Species abundance, diversity index, and dominance index were analyzed to determine changes in the community structure of Cyanobacteria in each of the years. Cyanobacteria abundances were classified using cluster analysis. Water quality parameters such as temperature, transparency, pH, carbon dioxide, nitrate, nitrite, and zooplankton abundance as independent variables, and levels of Cyanobacteria abundances as the dependent variable was analyzed using discriminant analysis. This study showed that the abundance of Cyanobacteria in the Cirata Reservoir is dominated by the Stanieria (a genus of the Pleurocapsales order) every year and the parameter that significantly affects the level of Cyanobacteria abundance was nitrate (NO3-N).


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Sri Turni Hartati ◽  
Awwaluddin Awwaluddin

Analisis struktur komunitas makrozoobentos dilakukan terkait dengan upaya pemantauan kondisi perairan Teluk Jakarta dengan membagi perairan ini menjadi 4 wilayah, yaitu A, B, C, dan D. Zona A terletak terjauh dari daratan, kurang lebih 20 mil dan wilayah D semakin mendekat daratan dengan jarak kurang lebih 5 mil. Analisis yang dilakukan meliputi komposisi jenis, kepadatan, keanekaragaman, keseragaman, dominansi, dan beberapa parameter kualitas perairan yang mendukung seperti kedalaman, suhu, kecerahan, kecepatan arus, salinitas, oksigen terlarut (DO), pH, total organik matter, dan tekstur substrat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa makrozoobentos yang ditemukan terdiri atas 5 kelas, 42 famili dan 63 genera. Pada wilayah A ditemukan makrozoobentos dari kelas Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Bivalva, Malacostraca, dan Polychaeta yang didominasi oleh Scaphopoda. Pada wilayah B, C, dan D ditemukan makrozoobentos dari kelas Bivalva, Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, dan Malacostraca, jenis yang mendominasi ke-3 wilayah tersebut adalah Bivalva. Kepadatan makrozoobentos berkisar antara 2,2x103 sampai dengan 3,2x105 ind.m-2. Indeks Keanekaragaman berkisar antara 0,55 sampai dengan 2,95 yang berarti keanekaragaman rendah. Indeks Keseragaman berkisar antara 0,14 sampai dengan 0,79, nilai tersebut termasuk dalam kategori rendah sampai dengan tinggi. Nilai Indeks Dominansi berkisar antara 0,17 sampai dengan 0,86 yang berarti dominansi rendah sampai dengan tinggi. Dominansi terjadi di wilayah D yaitu di stasiun D4 dengan jenis dominan Donax sp. dari kelas Bivalva. Parameter perairan Teluk Jakarta pada umumnya cukup mendukung untuk kehidupan makroozoobentos. The community structure analysis on macrozoobenthos was conducted in relation to the monitoring action of water condition on Jakarta Bay. The bay was classified into 4 zones, such as A, B, C,and D. The zone A is located approximately 20 miles from land and the zone D is nearest (5 miles) from land. The analysis comprised of species composition, abundance, diversity, homogeneity, dominance, and other parameters of water quality such as depth, temperature, tranparancy, current velocity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, total organic matter, and substrate texture. The results show that there were 5 classes of macrozoobenthos, consisting of 42 families and 63 genera. There were Scaphophods, Gastrophods, Bivalvas, Malacostracans, and Polychaetas found in zone A with regard to Scaphophods domination. There were only Bivalvas, Scaphophods, Gastrophods, and Malacostracans found in zone B, C, and D with regard to Bivalvas domination. The abundance of these macrozoobenthos ranged from 2.215 to 323.100 ind.m-2. The diversity index ranged from 0.55 to 2.95 indicating low diversity. The homogeneity index ranged from 0.14 to 0.79, indicating the low to high category. The dominance index was about 0.17 to 0.86, showing the variety water condition. A species, Donax sp. (Bivalva) was most dominant in Zone D (St D4) The parameters of water qualitying Jakarta Bay might be in general to support the life of macrozoobenthos.


Author(s):  
Nova S. Monika ◽  
Sendy Lely Merly ◽  
FX Kakumun

Edera District is the one of separated districts of six districts in the Mappi Regency. The increasing of community population has caused an increase  activities in resource utilization, especially in the Digoel River area. As a result of excessive utilization activities can potentially cause pollution that threatens the existence and continuity of organisms such as Gastropods. This study aims to determine the community structure of Gastropods in the Digoel River in Edera District, Mappi Regency. The study lasted for 3 months from January to March 2018 by using the survey method and reviewing several variables including: diversity index, uniformity index and dominance index. The results showed that at the 3 observation stations the total sample was 1233 individuals. The highest diversity index value was at station II, namely itlic. and lowest was at station I Ellobium chinense species. Uniformity index shows that the number of uniformity is not evenly distributed in all three stations due to the occurrence of certain types of dominance.   Keywords: Gastropoda; Community Structure;  Digoel River; Mappi Regeucy Regeucy    


2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-63
Author(s):  
Desinawati Desinawati ◽  
Wahyu Adi ◽  
Eva Utami

Pakil River which is located in Paya Benua Village, West Mendo District, Bangka Regency. This river has an impact from mining activities which then affect the macrozoobenthos community. The purpose of this study was to determine the macrozoobenthic community structure in the Pakil River and determine the effect of water quality on macrozoobenthos in the Pakil River. The study was conducted in April 2018 in the waters of the Pakil River, Paya Benua Village, West Mendo District, Bangka Regency. The macrozoobentos sample was taken purposively at 6 observation stations. The results showed that 4 species of macrozoobenthos. With a diversity index of 0.9195 in the category of low diversity, uniformity index of 0.663 was classified as stable and the dominance index of 0.4425 was in the medium category. The effect of TSS parameters and depth greatly affect the life of the macrozoobenthos, while the ones that have sufficient influence are the parameters of current velocity and DO, then those that have no effect are the parameters of pH, temperature and sand fraction.


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Widya Paramudhita ◽  
Hadi Endrawati ◽  
Ria Azizah

Perairan Desa Mangunharjo merupakan perairan yang mengalami perubahan kondisi lingkungan akibat abrasi yang berdampak pada kerusakan ekosistem mangrove dan tambak. Kondisi tersebut berpengaruh terhadap keberadaan biota perairan salah satunya adalah zooplankton. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas zooplankton di perairan Desa Mangunharjo. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Maret–April 2017 di perairan Desa Mangunharjo, Kecamatan Tugu, Semarang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif eksploratif. Analisis data yang digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan komunitas zooplankton meliputi: kompisisi dan kelimpahan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks keseragaman dan indeks dominansi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa zooplankton yang ditemukan secara keseluruhan sebanyak 23 genera yang terbagi atas 5 fila. Kelimpahan tertinggi sebesar 126.76 ind/L dan terendah 28.17 ind/L. Arthropoda merupakan filum yang paling banyak ditemukan pada penelitian ini. Indeks keanekaragaman yang diperoleh berkisar antara 0.72 – 2.49 dan dikatagorikan keanekargaman rendah dan sedang. Untuk indeks keseragaman yang diperoleh berkisar antara 0.44 – 0.98 dan dikatagorikan keseragaman sedang dan tinggi. Dan untuk indeks dominansi diperoleh nilai berkisar antar 0.02 – 0.98 dan dikatagorikan tidak ada dominasi. Mangunharjo Village waters have changed environmental conditions due to abrasion that damage the mangrove ecosystems and ponds. These conditions affect the presence one of aquatic biota which is zooplankton. Therefore this research is done to know the structure of zooplankton community in Mangunharjo Village waters. Sampling was conducted in March-April 2017 in the waters of Mangunharjo Village, Tugu Sub-district, Semarang. The method used is descriptive explorative method. The data analysis used to describe the zooplankton community includes: composition and abundance, diversity index, uniformity index and dominance index. The results showed that zooplankton found as a whole 23 genera of 5 fila. The highest abundance was 126.76 Ind/L and the lowest was 28.17 Ind/L. Arthropods are the most common phyla in this study. The index of diversity obtained ranges from 0.72 to 2.49 and categorized at low and medium diversity. As for the uniformity index obtained ranged from 0.44 to 0.98 and categorized at medium and high uniformity. And for the dominance index obtained values ranged between 0.02 - 0.98 and categorized at non dominance.


Author(s):  
Yohana Christanti Ndale ◽  
I Wayan Restu ◽  
Ni Putu Putri Wijayanti

Gilimanuk Bay is a water area located in Melaya District, Jembrana Regency, West Bali Region. In this area, there are development and human activities that have an impact on the quality of the waters so that they interfere with the life of organisms such as macrozoobenthos. Macrozoobenthos can be the bioindicator that determining the condition in a water area. The decline of the macrozoobenthos community structure is an indicator of a disturbance in the ecosystem in these waters. The purpose of this research to know how community structure of macrozoobenthos and the condition of the water quality in Gilimanuk Bay. This research was conducted in June to July 2020. The research used the quantitative descriptive method, with 3 of the research stations. Based on the result of the research, it has found 45 species of macrozoobenthos that included from 5 classes, there are Gastropods, Bivalves, Crustaceans, Polychaeta and, Sipunculidea. The highest total abundance was at station 3, namely 534.33 ind/m2, station 1 is 522.00 ind/m2 and the lowest abundance is at station 2, namely 371.33 ind/m2. The diversity index obtained was classified as moderate, which ranges from 1.53-1.89, the uniformity index is classified as moderate, which ranges from 0.47-0.57, while the dominance index is low to moderate, which ranges from 0.29-0.44. Based on the macrozoobenthos community structure and the interrelation with water quality, Gilimanuk Bay is classified as moderately polluted waters.


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