scholarly journals Effect of foliar or soil application of selenium on some morphological and physiological traits of garden pansy (Viola x wittrockiana Gams) grown under salinity stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Farima JAVADI ◽  
Sepideh KALATEJARI ◽  
Marjan DIYANAT
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Viola X Wittrockiana ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Morphological And Physiological Traits ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass

<p>Salinity stress is one of the most important plant stresses in Iran. In this regard, a factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of salinity stress on the garden pansy. The investigated factors were containing sodium selenate (0, 2, 4 and 8 mg l<sup>-1</sup>), its method of application (foliar and soil applications) and salinity stress (0, 3 and 6 dS m<sup>-1</sup>). The obtained results indicated that salinity leads to the significant reduction in morphological traits, chlorophyll a and b contents. Under the salinity of 6 dS m<sup>-1</sup>, when sodium selenate was used in the soil, the fresh and dry mass of flower increased by 11.34 and 10.39 %, respectively, compared to the control. However, the use of sodium selenate by foliar application led to the increasing fresh and dry mass of garden pansy’s flower by 25.10 and 25.41 %, respectively. Also, the content of chlorophyll a increased by 12.93 % under the salinity of 6 dS m-1 with applying 8 mg l<sup>-1</sup>sodium selenate compared to the case of non-application. The superoxide dismutase activity decreased by 26.13 % compared to the non-sodium selenate usage treatment. In conclusion the foliar application of sodium selenate at the concentraion of 8 mg l<sup>-1</sup> resulted in the garden pansy’s growth improvement.</p>

scholarly journals Silicon Foliar Application Mitigates Salt Stress in Sweet Pepper Plants by Enhancing Water Status, Photosynthesis, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity and Fruit Yield

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled A. A. Abdelaal ◽  
Yasser S.A. Mazrou ◽  
Yaser M. Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Electrolyte Leakage ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Pepper Plants

Silicon is one of the most significant elements in plants under abiotic stress, so we investigated the role of silicon in alleviation of the detrimental effects of salinity at two concentrations (1500 and 3000 ppm sodium chloride) in sweet pepper plants in two seasons (2018 and 2019). Our results indicated that relative water content, concentrations of chlorophyll a and b, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium contents, number of fruits plant−1, fruit fresh weight plant−1 (g) and fruit yield (ton hectare−1) significantly decreased in salt-stressed sweet pepper plants as compared to control plants. In addition, electrolyte leakage, proline, lipid peroxidation, superoxide (O2−) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels, soluble sugars, sucrose, and starch content as well as sodium content significantly increased under salinity conditions. Conversely, foliar application of silicon led to improvements in concentrations of chlorophyll a and b and mineral nutrients, water status, and fruit yield of sweet pepper plants. Furthermore, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage, levels of superoxide, and hydrogen peroxide were decreased with silicon treatments.

scholarly journals Mahameru Soybean (Glycine max) Cultivar, High Salinity Tolerant

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Juwarno Juwarno ◽  
Tata Brata Suparjana ◽  
Muachiroh Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Soybean Production ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Soybean Plants

Mahameru cultivar is high salinity tolerant cultivar. The previous study result showed Mahameru cultivar could tolerate 140mM NaCl, but Cilacap Coast salinity levels often reaching 200mM NaCl. A research of salinity stress on Mahameru cultivar at 200 mM NaCl have not conducted yet. Therefore to conduct the research of Mahameru at high salinity stress to obtained high salinity tolerant soybean cultivar.   The observed variables are anatomy (epidermis thickness, the density of stomata and trichomes, palisade thickness) physiology (the dry weight of roots and canopy, the content of chlorophyll a and b) Production (whole pod, total filled pod, total empty pod, weight per one-hundred beans). The salinity treatment was 0, 50,100, 150, 200 mM NaCl given at three days before planting and twenty-one days after planting. The data of anatomy and physiology was taken at forty-five days after planting. The production data was taken when soybean plants turned brown. The result indicates that salinity affects anatomy characteristic of leaf, higher the salinity increasing epidermis thickness and the density of stomata and trichomes. Salinity affected the content of chlorophyll a and b. Higher the salinity increased the content of chlorophyll a and b. Salinity did not affect soybean production. Based on this study Mahameru cultivar is resistant to salinity up to 200 mM NaCl. The benefit of this research help to enhance national soybean production with utilization coastal land for soybean planting Mahameru cultivar.         

Avaliação da Aplicação Foliar de Biofertilizante em Quatro Cultivares de Soja

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Aline Ferreira Coelho ◽  
Bianca Obes Corrêa ◽  
Fábio De Freitas Pires ◽  
Silvia Rahe Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Glycine Max ◽  
Mass Number ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
The Other ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Four Blocks ◽  
And Control ◽  
Production Characteristics

Este estudo avaliou a influência da aplicação foliar de diferentes concentrações do Fert Bokashi® no desenvolvimento de plantas de quatro cultivares de soja. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação durante 75 dias, utilizando-se vasos de cinco litros distribuídos em quatro blocos, para testar diferentes concentrações do biofertilizante (10% ativado; 5; 2,5; 1% e testemunha). Foram realizadas duas aplicações foliares do produto, nos estágios V3 e V6. As variáveis analisadas foram comprimento, massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e radicular da planta; número de folhas; número e massa de nódulos; número e massa fresca e seca de vagens. O efeito da aplicação do biofertilizante variou entre as diferentes cultivares avaliadas, sendo que a cultivar BR5 284 não foi afetada pelo uso do biofertilizante. As demais cultivares (SYN 9070 RR, AS 3730 IPRO e M6410 IPRO) foram afetadas, negativamente, em uma ou mais características de crescimento e/ou de produção, quando submetidas à aplicação a 10%. A aplicação na dose de 1% favoreceu somente a cultivar M6410 IPRO em termos de crescimento radicular e massa fresca de nódulos. Palavras-chave: Bioestimulante. Fert Bokashi®. Glycine max. AbstractThis study evaluated the influence of foliar application of different concentrations of Fert Bokashi ® on the plants development of four soybean cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse for 75 days, using five-liter pots distributed in four blocks to test different concentrations of the biofertilizer (10% activated, 5, 2.5, 1% and control). Two foliar applications of the product were carried out in stages V3 and V6. The analyzed variables were shoot and root length, fresh and dry mass; number of leaves; number and mass of nodules; pods number and fresh and dry mass. The effect of the biofertilizer application varied among the different evaluated cultivars, being that the cultivar BR5 284 was not affected by the use of the biofertilizer. The other cultivars (SYN 9070 RR, AS 3730 IPRO and M6410 IPRO) were negatively affected in one or more growth and / or production characteristics when subjected to 10% application. The application at 1% concentration favored only the cultivar M6410 IPRO in terms of root growth and nodules fresh mass. Keywords: Biostimulant. Fert Bokashi®, Glycine max.

scholarly journals Impact of Foliar Application of Chitosan Dissolved in Different Organic Acids on Isozymes, Protein Patterns and Physio-Biochemical Characteristics of Tomato Grown under Salinity Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed S. Attia ◽  
Mahmoud S. Osman ◽  
Amr S. Mohamed ◽  
Hany A. Mahgoub ◽  
Mohamed O. Garada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Protein Patterns ◽  
Tomato Plants

In this study, the anti-stress capabilities of the foliar application of chitosan, dissolved in four different organic acids (acetic acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid and malic acid) have been investigated on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants under salinity stress (100 mM NaCl). Morphological traits, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, secondary metabolites, oxidative stress, minerals, antioxidant enzymes activity, isozymes and protein patterns were tested for potential tolerance of tomato plants growing under salinity stress. Salinity stress was caused a reduction in growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugars, soluble proteins and potassium (K+) content. However, the contents of proline, ascorbic acid, total phenol, malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), sodium (Na+) and antioxidant enzyme activity were increased in tomato plants grown under saline conditions. Chitosan treatments in any of the non-stressed plants showed improvements in morphological traits, photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes, total phenol and antioxidant enzymes activity. Besides, the harmful impacts of salinity on tomato plants have also been reduced by lowering MDA, H2O2 and Na+ levels. Chitosan treatments in either non-stressed or stressed plants showed different responses in number and density of peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes. NaCl stress led to the diminishing of protein bands with different molecular weights, while they were produced again in response to chitosan foliar application. These responses were varied according to the type of solvent acid. It could be suggested that foliar application of chitosan, especially that dissolved in ascorbic or citric acid, could be commercially used for the stimulation of tomato plants grown under salinity stress.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF LEAVES EXTRACT OF IPOMOEA CAIRICA ON CHLOROPHYLL AND CAROTENOID IN PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHOROUS L.

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 103-107
Author(s):  
Deepa Srivastava ◽  
K. Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chlorophyll B ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Leaf Powder ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
And Control

Photosynthetic effects of the leaves extracts from Ipomoea cairica on Partheniumhysterophorus L were studied. Ipomoea cairica dried leaf powder (20g) was dissolved in distilled water (200ml) for foliar application. The seedlings were maintained under natural condition in Insect free net house. The experiment was carried out to analyze the effects of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract by measuring chlorophyll ‘a’, chlorophyll ‘b’, total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents in Parthenium. The experimental plants were sprayed 20 days after emergence and control plants were maintained by a simultaneous spray of distilled water. Leaves of Partheniumhysterophorus were collected at 5 days interval following the foliar application of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract up to 15th day. Results showed that Chlorophyll (total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b) and carotenoid content was adversely affected as the duration of Ipomoea cairica leaves extract increased. This potential of Ipomoea cairica can be used as herbicide to control noxious weed Partheniumhysterophorous.

scholarly journals Iron Chelate and Rhizobactria Changed Growth, Grain Yield, and Physiological Characteristics in Maize

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-254
Author(s):  
M. Heidari ◽  
I. Salmanpour ◽  
H. Ghorbani ◽  
H.R. Asghari
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Iron Chelate ◽  
Soil Application ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B

Abstract In order to investigate the effect of iron chelate and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on maize, an experiment was conducted as completely randomized block factorial design with three replicates. The first factor included of bacterial strain: S1= Control (without use of bacteria), S2=Azotobacter chroococcum and S3= Azospirillum brasilens and the second factor included of iron chelate: F1= Control, F2= soil application of Fe chelate, F3= foliar application of Fe chelate, F4= soil application of nano Fe chelate and F5= foliar application of nano Fe chelate. The results showed that the highest grain yield and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) enzymes activity were obtained at the S3F5 treatment and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) at S1F5 treatment. Except the content of phosphorus in leaves and carotenoid, PGPR had significant effect on biological yield, the content of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’, yield components (number of seed per row of the ear, number of rows per ear and thousand seed weight) and nutrient elements in both the seeds and leaves. However, iron chelate, increased the yield components, but among the iron chelate treatments, the highest amount of chlorophyll ‘a’ and ‘b’ in leaves and phosphorus in seeds were obtained at F5. These results suggested that foliar application of nano Fe chelate and Azospirillum brasilens could be improvement of maize plant productivity.

scholarly journals The Effect of Selenium Application on Plant Health Indicators of Garden Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Varieties

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Marcela Žitná ◽  
Tünde Juríková ◽  
Alžbeta Hegedűsová ◽  
Marcel Golian ◽  
Jiří Mlček ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Garden Pea

This study evaluates the effects of different selenium levels (VI) in the form of sodium selenate (25, 50, 150 and 300 mg.dm–3) on the selected parametres in seedlings of garden pea (Pisum sativumL.) varieties (‘Flavora‘, ‘Oskar‘, ‘Exzellenz’ and ‘Jumbo‘) grown in Petri dishes. Tested indicators included seed germination, roots length, content of photosynthetic pigments – chlorophyll a and b, green biomass weight in early growth stages and acute toxicity expressed as IC50value. The study has proved a significant positive effect of selenium. During the germination, selenium doses reached 25 mg.dm–3in ‘Exzellenz’ (100 %) and ‘Flavora’ (95 %) varieties; and 50 mg.dm–3in ‘Oskar’ (the germination began 54 hours after sowing) and ‘Exzellenz’ (the germination began 48 hours after sowing) compared with a control sample. Regarding the root growth, ‘Oskar’ variety may be considered as the most resistant variety considering the value of acute phytotoxicity determined by probit analysis (1274.1 mg.dm–3). Statistically significant effect of selenium on photosynthetic pigments content has been recorded in ‘Jumbo’ and ‘Oskar’ varieties (chlorophyll a with IC50values of 1808 and 2440.1 mg.dm–3). Selenium showed a statistically significant negative effect on biomass weight and the lowest doses of acute phytotoxicity were recorded (29.9 – 42.5 mg.dm–3). The results of acute phytotoxicity confirmed that utilized levels of selenate between 50 and 100 mg.dm–3of garden pea plants are the safest for foliar application.

scholarly journals The role of light in the adaptation of Thymus praecox Opiz subsp. praecox for diverse habitat conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 1194-1209
Author(s):  
Beata BARABASZ-KRASNY ◽  
Katarzyna MOŻDŻEŃ ◽  
Anna SOŁTYS-LELEK ◽  
Ingrid TURISOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Physiological Activity ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Habitat Conditions ◽  
Partial Shade ◽  
Chlorophyll A And B ◽  
Role Of Light

The light decides about the course and efficiency of photochemical processes, being an important component of the surrounding environment shaping the plant composition in specific conditions. Thymus praecox subsp. praecox belongs to endangered taxa due to preferences for open habitats, which as a result of natural succession are exposed to overgrowth and shading with forest-scrub vegetation. In this study, an attempt was made to check the physiological activity of creeping thyme in changing environmental conditions prevailing on isolated stands in the Ojców National Park (Southern Poland). The increase in fresh and dry mass and the percentage of water in plants were determined, the content of chlorophyll a and b was measured, the intensity of chlorophyll a fluorescence was examined and the degree of electrolytes leakage through cell membranes was checked. The main aim was to determining the optimal habitat conditions for this taxon, which could help protect it. Based on the conducted research it was found, among others higher mass increase in plants from a sunny stand. Regardless of the measurement period, an increase in chlorophyll a and b content and a higher degree of cell membranes destabilisation in plants from a partially shaded stand was observed. The obtained results show, that T. praecox subsp. praecox characterises small habitat flexibility - even partial shade is not a convenient habitat for it. To optimal development, this subspecies requires conditions with high light availability. Creeping thyme is a heliophilic and thermophilic taxa and the sunny stands are optimal for it.

scholarly journals Selenium Biofortification of Wheat as a Strategy to Improve Human Nutrition

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Radawiec ◽  
Wiesław Szulc ◽  
Beata Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Sodium Selenate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Selenium Content ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Elongation Phase ◽  
Fertilisation Treatment ◽  
Foliar Fertilisation

This paper analyses the effects of soil and foliar fertilization with sodium selenate (VI) on the selenium content in spring wheat grain. The research was carried out at the Departmental Experimental Station of the Institute of Agriculture WULS in Skierniewice in 2018 and 2019. The dose of selenium used was 5.00 g Se·ha−1 in various development stages of spring wheat. The results showed that selenium fertilisation did not affect the size of the grain yield, but both soil and foliar fertilisation significantly increased the content of selenium in wheat grain compared to the control group. The highest Se content was obtained with the method of soil fertilisation combined with the foliar application with a total dose of 10.00 g·ha-1 Se in the stem elongation phase (S + F2), and in the tillering and stem elongation phase (S + F1 + F2), which resulted in the values of 0.615 and 0.719 mg·kg−1 Se in grain, respectively. On this basis, it was concluded that the best time to carry out foliar fertilisation treatment is in the stem elongation phase (BBCH 30–39). The results show that the greatest increase in selenium content in the grain is achieved with soil and foliar fertilisation combined.

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