scholarly journals Utilisation of Products of the Thermal Reclamation of Post Reclamation Dusts in the Production Technology of Ceramic Building Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Holtzer ◽  
R. Dańko ◽  
J. Dańko ◽  
Z. Pytel
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Reclamation Process

Abstract The problem related to the management of post reclamation dusts generated in the reclamation process of waste moulding sands with organic binders is presented in the hereby paper. Waste materials generated in this process are products hazardous for the environment and should be utilised. The prototype stand for the utilisation of this dangerous material in its co-burning with coal was developed and patented in AGH in Krakow. The stand was installed in one of the domestic casting houses. As the utilisation result the transformed waste product is obtained and its management in the production of ceramic materials constitutes the subject of the presented publication.

scholarly journals The Influence of External Environmental Conditions on Properties of Ceramic Building Materials with Waste Material Additives

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2982
Author(s):  
Maria Wesołowska ◽  
Anna Kaczmarek ◽  
Jerzy Hoła
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Porosity Structure ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Masonry Units

In this paper, we analyze the state of conservation of ceramic building materials (clay masonry units) containing a large share of waste materials in the form of ash and slag from coal combustion and sawdust from wood processing, operated for several decades in facing walls of religious buildings, in external environment conditions. For the purpose of this analysis, comparative tests were carried out on the samples of ceramic materials cut out from facing walls and samples extracted from the same ceramic materials; they were stored in laboratory conditions for the entire time. The following were investigated: initial water absorption, capillary rise, and porosity structure determined with mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The research has shown, among other things, that the ceramic materials exploited in the external environment are characterized by an almost twofold increase in the initial rate of water absorption and by a different size of dominant pores and a pore size distribution in comparison with ceramic materials stored in laboratory conditions. The results, obtained for ceramic building materials (clay masonry units) containing the above-mentioned waste materials in their composition, constitute a novelty. They fill a gap in the literature by establishing how decades-long operation in natural conditions affected the capillary properties and the porosity structure of the ceramics under investigation. Based on the obtained research results, conclusions of cognitive and practical significance have been formulated that relate to the possibility of the exploitation of facing walls made of investigated ceramic materials.

Environmental Friendly Ceramic Building Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 690 ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toyohiko Sugiyama ◽  
Keiji Kusumoto ◽  
Masayoshi Ohashi ◽  
Akinori Kamiya
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Heat Island ◽  
Solar Reflectance ◽  
Ceramic Building

The global warming is one of the most serious problems. The decrease of CO2 emissions in our daily life is an important subject today. Recently, an application of water retentive materials as a paving material has attracted a great deal of attention in Japan. This material is effective for reducing heat island phenomenon, which is also a recent problem in many cities in Japan. Water retained in the material during rainfall evaporates when heated by sunshine. The latent heat absorbed by evaporating water works to cool the surroundings. The water retentive ceramic products are expected to be useful for building materials as well as pavements. Several performances are required on the water retentive ceramics when it is used as building materials. Its cost and quality are the important factors. Porous ceramic materials formed by pressing without firing is one of ideal low cost and eco-friendly candidates. The porous ceramics is also expected to be produced from recycled ceramic materials. By optimizing its composition and forming method, a water retentive material with high performance was developed. The trial product had the properties as follows; fracture toughness: 1300N, bending strength: 175N/cm, water absorption: larger than 30%, and precision in size (length): +-0.5mm for 150mm. The product showed also enough frost resistance. In this paper, the fundamental properties of the porous ceramics prepared without firing are discussed with referring to the results of the field experiments.Another subject recently studied by several tile manufactures in Japan is the glazed tile with high solar reflectance. The exterior walls covered with such a high solar reflectance tile keeps the surface temperature of the wall lower under the strong sunshine of summer. It is effective against heat-island phenomenon. In this paper, the outline of the research results on visible and infrared reflectance of many kinds of glazes is also discussed.

Epoxy Screed as Possible Protection of Floor Surfaces

2015 ◽  
Vol 1100 ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Lenka Mészárosová ◽  
Eva Tůmová ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Waste Recovery ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
Floor Surfaces ◽  
Substitute Materials

Nowadays, there is a tendency to use as much of waste products as possible to produce building materials. Every waste product used eliminates the inconvenience associated with the waste disposal process. Consequently, the waste recovery process becomes not only ecological but also economical. Many waste materials, which have not been sufficiently used so far, could very well substitute materials that would otherwise have to be elaborately prepared.

scholarly journals The assortment of ceramic building materials from the pottery workshop of Sextus Me(u)tillius Maximus at Crikvenica (Croatia)

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 73-98
Author(s):  
Ana Konestra ◽  
Goranka Lipovac Vrkljan ◽  
Bartul Šiljeg
Keyword(s):  
Production Technology ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
New Era ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Ceramic Building ◽  
Forming Methods

Roman building materials, especially brick and tiles (tegulae and imbex) marked a new era in the architecture of Roman Dalmatia. While imported materials seem to still form the bulk of the evidence, recently identified and definitely located local productions provide the possibility to place these products within a technological and economical framework. The in-depth analysis of the array of ceramic building materials (CBM) of the workshop of Sextus Me(u)tillius Maximus in Crikvenica (north-eastern Adriatic) evidences their forming methods and production technology, while some distribution aspects and their role within the rural economy indicate their relevance within the regional CBM market. This paper will highlight such aspects and place them within a wider debate on the onset of production, the organisation of rural property, and the transmission of technology and knowledge through the adoption of “Roman style” architectural solutions.

scholarly journals Pozzolanic mortars based on waste building materials for the restoration of historical buildings

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Pasalic ◽  
Snezana Vucetic ◽  
Dmitar Zoric ◽  
Vilma Ducman ◽  
Jonjaua Ranogajec
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Culture Heritage ◽  
Reduction Of Energy Consumption ◽  
Clay Materials

The environmental aspects of waste building materials have been of great interest in recent years. For the sector of building materials this means increased recycling, reduction of energy consumption and natural resources preservation. This also presents an important contribution in the field of environmental protection. The work deals with the development of pozzolanic mortars made of waste building materials, ground red structure bricks and raw clay materials of inadequate characteristics for the production of ceramic materials. Based on the results of historical mortar characterizations, a group of mortars with specific characteristics (satisfied durability, good compatibility with a historical mortar) was prepared. The potential of the waste materials and domestic clay materials application in the production of pozzolanic mortars was confirmed. In addition to the waste management, pozzolanic mortars were designed taking into account the existing conventions in the area of culture heritage.

scholarly journals Devising technology for utilizing water treatment waste to produce ceramic building materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10 (109)) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
Larysa Spasonova ◽  
Іrіna Subota ◽  
Аnastasia Sholom
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Copper Ion ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Ceramic Technology ◽  
Ceramic Building

Based on the modern ideas about environmental protection, this paper reports a study into the utilization of water-treated waste from heavy metals (using copper(II) compounds as an example) for the manufacture of ceramic building materials. The examined clay minerals from local deposits and the optimal conditions for their heat treatment (at 1,100 °C) have been proposed for the sorption removal of pollutants of inorganic origin from wastewater. The use of wastewater after its treatment makes it possible to address several tasks at the same time: to protect the environment from pollution by technological wastewater, as well as to reuse wastewater in order to resolve the issue of water scarcity. Ceramic building materials were manufactured based on water purification waste (in the amount of 5 %) and clay raw materials. Their structural-mechanical and physicochemical characteristics have been comprehensively studied. Sintering processes begin at lower temperatures, which is why, with an increase in the annealing temperature to 1,000 °C and higher, their strength rapidly decreases. In the temperature range of 600‒1,100 °C, there are possibilities to apply ceramic technology to immobilize heavy metals in ceramic matrices. The prospect of utilizing water purification waste in the technological process of manufacturing inorganic ceramic materials has been shown. The safety of the building materials, manufactured by leaching pollutants from the ceramic samples using various aggressive environments (leaching to 6.4 %, 0.083 mg·cm2/day) has been investigated. The high strength and degree of the copper ion fixation in the structure of polymineral clay have been confirmed while secondary environmental pollution is almost absent

Analytical and High-Resolution EM Study of Crystalline Phases formed at Metal-Ceramic Interface

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-427
Author(s):  
N. Merk ◽  
A. P. Tomsia ◽  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Dissimilar Materials ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Electron Micrograph ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrograph ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ceramic Compounds ◽  
Scanning Electron

A recent development of new ceramic materials for structural applications involves the joining of ceramic compounds to metals. Due to the wetting problem, an interlayer material (brazing alloy) is generally used to achieve the bonding. The nature of the interfaces between such dissimilar materials is the subject of intensive studies and is of utmost importance to obtain a controlled microstructure at the discontinuities to satisfy the demanding properties for engineering applications . The brazing alloy is generally ductile and hence, does not readily fracture. It must also wett the ceramic with similar thermal expansion coefficient to avoid large stresses at joints. In the present work we study mullite-molybdenum composites using a brazing alloy for the weldment.A scanning electron micrograph from the cross section of the joining sequence studied here is presented in Fig. 1.

Conditions for atomic imaging of mullite

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 418-419
Author(s):  
T. A. Epicier ◽  
G. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Silicate Mineral ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Aluminium Silicate

Mullite is an aluminium-silicate mineral of current interest since it is a potential candidate for high temperature applications in the ceramic materials field.In the present work, conditions under which the structure of mullite can be optimally imaged by means of High Resolution Electron Microscopy (HREM) have been investigated. Special reference is made to the Atomic Resolution Microscope at Berkeley which allows real space information up to ≈ 0.17 nm to be directly transferred; numerous multislice calculations (conducted with the CEMPAS programs) as well as extensive experimental through-focus series taken from a commercial “3:2” mullite at 800 kV clearly show that a resolution of at least 0.19 nm is required if one wants to get a straightforward confirmation of atomic models of mullite, which is known to undergo non-stoichiometry associated with the presence of oxygen vacancies.Indeed the composition of mullite ranges from approximatively 3Al2O3-2SiO2 (referred here as 3:2-mullite) to 2Al2O3-1SiO2, and its structure is still the subject of refinements (see, for example, refs. 4, 5, 6).

Experimental Investigation of the Compatibility of Lime Coating with Insulation Straw Biocomposite

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oumayma Bahou ◽  
Naima Belayachi ◽  
Brahim Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Additional Layer ◽  
Aesthetic Appearance ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Casein Protein ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Considerable Degradation ◽  
Bond Tests

The use of bio-based composite as building materials is one of the innovative solutions for dealing with environmental disorders caused by the construction sector. Among these materials we find biocomposites based on vegetable aggregates, which have proven their effectiveness as insulating materials in numerous studies. Despite the growing interest in these materials and the recognition of their performance, their use remains hampered by the lack of implementation rules specific to these materials to move towards a control of their use and their durability affected by the climate and use conditions to which they will be exposed at the level of a building. The objective of this work is to study the compatibility of a protective coating with a block substrate of biocomposites based on cereal straw. It is in fact a mixture of vegetable aggregates (straw), a binder composed of lime and additives also obtained from a renewable source (Ismail et al., 2020). These additives (air-entraining agent, casein protein and a biopolymer) have been added to improve both the fibre-binder interface and the porosity of the binder. The use of these bio-based materials for external or internal thermal insulation of the building requires the application of a coating to protect them against climatic aggressions and to give them an aesthetic appearance. The lime-based coatings, air-entraining agent and casein protein selected for this study have been the subject of an experimental investigation (Brahim Ismail, 2020). In order to assess the compatibility of these coatings with the straw-based insulating material, we were interested in studying the adhesion between the biocomposite and the coating after aging cycles in accordance with the EN 1015-21 standard. The samples (biocomposite + coating) were subjected to two types of aging, one using water and the other using a saline solution of sodium sulphates (Na2SO4). The results of the bond tests after aging showed that the cohesive fracture (at the level of the substrate) is a pattern observed in all the studied systems. In Addition, It has been found that the coating to which a percentage of fine fibers has been added undergoes considerable degradation after aging with salt solution, demonstrating the need of an additional layer of outer coating without fibers in order to ensure the sustainability of the system.

Possibilities of Utilization of Waste Materials in Production of Electrically Conductive Composites on Silicate Basis

2021 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 171-176
Author(s):  
Jana Majerová ◽  
Rostislav Drochytka
Keyword(s):  
Nickel Powder ◽  
Cement Composite ◽  
Wire Drawing ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Electrically Conductive ◽  
Conductive Composites ◽  
Steel Wires ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Conductive Properties ◽  
Functional Fillers

The electrical conductivity of concrete can be achieved by adding steel wires or functional fillers. Commonly used fillers are nanotubes, carbon black, nickel powder and so on. These fillers are expensive, but there is a possibility to use waste materials. This is the subject of this experiment. The conductive properties of conductive sand, sludge from the wire drawing process, iron grinding dust waste and waste carbon were verified. From these fillers, waste carbon showed the best electrical properties (impedance). The impedance of the waste carbon was 0.31 Ω and the impedance of the cement composite containing 70% of the weight of waste carbon was less than 670 Ω.

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