scholarly journals DRUGAS: implantable telemetric system for measuring the portal venous pressure: assembly aspects

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126
Author(s):  
Roland Fischer ◽  
Jens Weidenmüller ◽  
Michael Görtz ◽  
Thorsten Goettsche ◽  
Wilfried Mokwa
Keyword(s):  
Venous Pressure ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Measuring Chamber ◽  
Small Flow ◽  
Telemetric System ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
Main Components ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Specific Metal ◽  
Shape And Size

AbstractDeveloping an implantable, telemetric pressure measuring system for venous applications makes a high degree of miniaturization necessary. Thus the influence on the measurement environment is minimized and the risk of thrombosis at small flow blood velocities is decreased. But these systems are limited in terms of accuracy and resolution. The asked system requirements could only be reached by optimising the assembly and encapsulation techniques. To achieve the high degree of miniaturization numerical simulations were performed on the shape and size of the implant and led to the development of a specific metal housing consisting of two main components. A small measuring chamber will be placed into the portal vein and is rigidly fixed to a flat circular part that contains the pressure sensor chip and a transponder board and will be located outside on top of the vein. The main focus of the assembly process was based on a stress-free design and mounting of the components.

Morphological peculiarities of seeds of some species of the genus Epipactis Zinn. (Orchidaceae Juss.) of Ukrainian flora

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
T Ljubka ◽  
O Tsarenko ◽  
I Tymchenko
Keyword(s):  
Seed Coat ◽  
Cell Walls ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Intercellular Spaces ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Periclinal Walls ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Shape And Size ◽  
Generative Organs

The investigation of macro- and micromorphological peculiarities of seeds of four species of genus Epipactis (Orchidaceae) of Ukrainian flora were carried out. The genus Epipactis is difficult in the in in taxonomic terms and for its representatives are characterized by polymorphism of morphological features of vegetative and generative organs of plants and ability of species to hybridize. The aim of the research was to perform a comparative morphological study of seeds of E. helleborine, E. albensis, E. palustris, E. purpurata and to determine carpological features that could more accurately identify species at the stage of fruiting. A high degree of variation in the shape of the seeds in different populations within the species and overlap of most quantitative carpological characteristics of studied species are noted. There were no significant differences in micromorphological features of the structure of the testa at species or population level. The reticulate surface of the testa is characteristic of all species, the cells of testa are mostly elongated, penta-hexagonal, individual cells almost isodiametric-pentagonal. From the micropillary to the chalasal end, a noticeable change in the shape and size of the seed coat cells is not observed. There are no intercellular spaces, the anticlinal walls of adjacent cells are intergrown and the boundaries between them become invisible. The outer periclinal walls have a single, mainly longitudinal thin ribbed thickenings. Anticlinal cell walls are thick, dense, smooth. The longitudinal Anticlinal walls are almost straight, transverse - straight or sometimes curved in some cells. Epicuticular deposits on the periclinal walls are absent. It is concluded that the use of macro and micromorphological characteristics of seeds of these species for clearer diagnosis at the stage of fruiting is low informative.

Effect of small flow reversals on aerosol mixing in the alveolar region of the human lung

2004 ◽  
Vol 97 (6) ◽  
pp. 2083-2089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Darquenne ◽  
G. Kim Prisk
Keyword(s):  
Human Lung ◽  
Sudden Increase ◽  
Residual Volume ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Small Flow ◽  
The One ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Flow Reversals

It has been suggested that irreversibility of alveolar flow combined with a stretched and folded pattern of streamlines can lead to a sudden increase in mixing in the lung. To determine whether this phenomenon is operative in the human lung in vivo, we performed a series of bolus studies with a protocol designed to induce complex folding patterns. Boli of 0.5- and 1-μm-diameter particles were inhaled at penetration volumes (Vp) of 300 and 1,200 ml in eight subjects during short periods of microgravity aboard the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Microgravity Research Aircraft. Inspiration was from residual volume to 1 liter above 1 G functional residual capacity. This was followed by a 10-s breathhold, during which up to seven 100-ml flow reversals (FR) were imposed at Vp = 300 ml and up to four 500-ml FR at Vp = 1,200 ml, and by an expiration to residual volume. Bolus dispersion and deposition were calculated from aerosol concentration and flow rate continuously monitored at the mouth. There was no significant increase in dispersion and deposition with increasing FR except for dispersion between 0 and 7 FR at Vp = 300 ml with 0.5-μm-diameter particles, and this increase was small. This suggested that either the phenomenon of stretch and fold did not occur within the number of FR we performed or that it had already occurred during the one breathing cycle included in the basic maneuver. We speculate that the phenomenon occurred during the basic maneuver, which is consistent with the high degree of dispersion and deposition observed previously in microgravity.

“Yf ye wyll bergayne wullen cloth or othir marchandise...”

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Becker
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Levels Of Analysis ◽  
Relevant Feature ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Commercial Activities ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
Main Components ◽  
High Degree

This paper is based on a corpus of textbook dialogues which were used to teach the basics of English and French in early modern times. I aim to show the relevance of this genre for historical pragmatics. For this purpose, I refer to extra-linguistic aspects such as function, content and target group of these written dialogues which claim to represent spoken language, and I explain why these aspects are likely to indicate a high degree of pragmatic authenticity. My paper also aims to analyse the verbal interaction represented in the model dialogues. I will focus on sales talk, a discourse type which is a typical element of the phrasebooks and a relevant feature of communication at a time when commercial activities had an increasing social impact. The analysis of the main components reveals that the dialogues are highly standardised but not totally fixed; they offer their users a (restricted) inventory of linguistic devices to negotiate successfully. However, a discourse analytical approach is not sufficient to explain the interaction between buyer and seller. I therefore propose that the pragmatic concept of “face work” is the determining force in the process of bargaining. Furthermore, the analysis of the textbook dialogues illustrates the value of combining very different approaches and levels of analysis.

scholarly journals STEPS IN UNDERSTANDING THE ROLE OF INSTABILITY UPON URBAN TERITORRIAL SYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei SCHVAB ◽  
Igor SÎRODOEV ◽  
Mirela PARASCHIV ◽  
Natașa VĂIDIANU
Keyword(s):  
Measuring System ◽  
Linear Processes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Baia Mare ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Functional Shift ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Impact

Instability is an omnipresent process that creates the conditions for adaptation and change. A territorial system cannot develop without instability. A high degree of system instability points out an acute structural and functional disorder. The present study proposes a method to measure system instability through economic structural and functional changes inside urban territorial systems. The analysis is done by quantifying the changes and transfers in internal economic hierarchies. System instability shows the role that the system plays in its environment and consequently the measures that can be taken to amplify or hinder (depending on the desired outcome) that role. The conceptual framework captures the adaptive processes associated with system instability and both structural and functional changes are evidenced. The non-linear processes were analysed for the urban territorial system of Baia Mare (Romania) underlining their role in the city’s adaptation to the changing of its environment. The proposed method starts from the assumption that internal systemic hierarchy is a very stable parameter of state. If the system is unstable, significant changes of the internal hierarchy will happen, and this will be reflected in a strong structural and functional shift. Measuring system instability helps better understanding the impact that change and adaptation have over the territorial system and its environment. Understanding these processes may offer policy makers the evidence they need to take actions in a conscious manner.

scholarly journals RADIATION RESISTANT BINDING MATERIALS BASED ON SILICATE ALUMOBARIUM CEMENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (154) ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
N. Tsapko
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Initial Strength ◽  
Radiation Resistant ◽  
Biological Protection ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Main Components ◽  
High Degree

The article analyzes the possibility of developing custom binders with a set of set properties. Particular attention is paid to the development of radiation-resistant barium-containing cements based on aluminates and barium silicates. In order to normalize the radiation situation in Ukraine, it is urgent to develop structural materials with specified high protective properties against the effects of radiation, a high degree of biological protection in combination with high strength and fire resistance. The main components of the technological parameters of synthesis of the presented cements are determined. Test results of physical and mechanical properties of refractory radiation resistant cements are presented and general recommendations on the scope of the developed binder materials are given. It is determined that the resulting refractory cement can be used as a bond in the manufacture of special concretes and materials that have high protective properties while exposed to high temperatures and radiation. Thermal stability of concrete based on silicate alumobarium cement with different fillers was determined (cooling of the samples was carried out in air). As a result of the tests, it was found that all concrete specimens withstood more than 20 cycles (1000 ° C - air), while maintaining more than 80 % of the initial strength. These results confirm the known pattern: the higher the material density, the greater the material's ability to absorb radiation. Thus, the obtained data allow us to conclude that concrete based on silicate alumobarium cement have high absorption rates of brake radiation, which is more than 1.5 times higher than currently used concrete based on Portland cement. Therefore, it can be concluded that the concretes obtained are radiation resistant, with a high degree of attenuation of gamma rays and can be recommended as protective materials. Keywords: cement, composition, synthesis parameters, radiation resistance, property, strength

scholarly journals Evolutionary stability of antibiotic protection in a defensive symbiosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. E2020-E2029 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Engl ◽  
Johannes Kroiss ◽  
Marco Kai ◽  
Taras Y. Nechitaylo ◽  
Aleš Svatoš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyketide Synthase ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Natural Setting ◽  
Human Pathogens ◽  
Biosynthesis Gene Cluster ◽  
Defensive Symbiosis ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Main Components ◽  
High Degree

The increasing resistance of human pathogens severely limits the efficacy of antibiotics in medicine, yet many animals, including solitary beewolf wasps, successfully engage in defensive alliances with antibiotic-producing bacteria for millions of years. Here, we report on the in situ production of 49 derivatives belonging to three antibiotic compound classes (45 piericidin derivatives, 3 streptochlorin derivatives, and nigericin) by the symbionts of 25 beewolf host species and subspecies, spanning 68 million years of evolution. Despite a high degree of qualitative stability in the antibiotic mixture, we found consistent quantitative differences between species and across geographic localities, presumably reflecting adaptations to combat local pathogen communities. Antimicrobial bioassays with the three main components and in silico predictions based on the structure and specificity in polyketide synthase domains of the piericidin biosynthesis gene cluster yield insights into the mechanistic basis and ecoevolutionary implications of producing a complex mixture of antimicrobial compounds in a natural setting.

Transparent Heat Spreader for Backside Optical Analysis of High Power GHz-Scale Microprocessors

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Travis M. Eiles ◽  
Dean Hunt ◽  
David Chi
Keyword(s):  
High Power ◽  
Integrated Circuit ◽  
Flip Chip ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Spreader ◽  
Standard Configuration ◽  
Degree Of Stability ◽  
Optical Probing ◽  
System Requirements ◽  
High Degree

Abstract Optical probing using the Schlumberger IDS-2000 and other infrared-based analysis techniques have proved to be critical in the debug and analysis of flip-chip-packaged microprocessors. During probing, processors are operating with test patterns that generate a large amount of power. This article demonstrates a method for dissipating the generated heat based on a diamond window-based transparent heat spreader. This method controls the microprocessor temperature to a high degree of stability, and reduces thermal gradients across the die. Waveform results are excellent, and the transparent heat spreader provides a path for optical probing to be applied to the entire range of integrated circuit applications. The discussion covers cooling system requirements, and standard configuration specifications, and shows how the transparent heat spreader technique is effective for probing high power microprocessors.

Simulation and Experimental Study of a Scintillation Fiber Detector of the Activities of 63Ni-, 89Sr- and 90Sr-Based Radiation Sources

2016 ◽  
Vol 835 ◽  
pp. 626-631
Author(s):  
Sergey G. Novikov ◽  
Aleksey V. Berintsev ◽  
Viacheslav Svetukhin ◽  
Aleksander S. Alekseyev ◽  
A.A. Chertoriyskiy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Fiber Sensor ◽  
Sr Isotopes ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Radiation Sources ◽  
Software Code ◽  
High Degree

Results of a computer simulation and experimental study are presented for a fiber sensor based on a Saint-Gobain Crystals BSF-60 scintillation fiber which was used to measure the activities of sources of ionizing radiation. The simulation was based on the Monte Carlo method and the Geant4 software code and was applied to calculate the dependence of the number of beta-electrons entering a BSF-60 scintillation fiber on the activity of radiation sources based on 63Ni, 89Sr and 90Sr isotopes. An experimental study of the sensitivity of the developed fiber sensor and the measuring system to beta-radiation of 63Ni, 89Sr and 90Sr isotopes showed a high degree of compliance with the proposed model.

scholarly journals МОБІЛІЗАЦІЙНИЙ ПОТЕНЦІАЛ СУСПІЛЬСТВА РИЗИКУ: ПОЛІТОЛОГІЧНИЙ АСПЕКТ

2019 ◽  
pp. 28-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
О. О. Безрук
Keyword(s):  
Political Development ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Mobilization Potential ◽  
Developmental Risks ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Individual Security

The aspect of using the mobilization potential of society in the context of the problem of «society of risk» and the main concepts of «society of risk» as a specific state of modern societies in conditions of high degree of uncertainty is considered. It is stated that under present conditions, attempts to overcome risks create new risks and safety becomes a scarce resource for the existence of the individual and society as a whole, while socio-political instability erodes the traditional mechanisms of providing individual security, increases the uncertainty of the individual in his own security, spreads risk areas and threats. The main dimensions of individual security are presented: objective and subjective. It was emphasized that risk societies remain at the forefront of socio-political development, despite the increase of general instability. The mobilization potential of society as a tool for neutralizing the challenges and other dangers is described in order to preserve the main institutions and their own subsystems. The main components of the mobilization potential, in particular economic, demographic, and political, are offered. The manifestations of the features of a society of risk in Ukraine are analyzed. It is alleged that Ukraine is in special conditions of actualized danger and developmental risks, and mobilization potential serves as a substantial, existential asset, the basis for the preservation of statehood in a harsh confrontation. It is indicated that the operational reaction of the political system and civil society is the key to a rational search for an optimal solution to the crisis and the use of available opportunities. The main characteristics of the state of danger in Ukraine are presented. The main factors influencing the quality of the mobilization potential of Ukrainian society are revealed

scholarly journals Automated information measuring system for monitoring characteristics of atmospheric ozone

2018 ◽  
pp. 104-109
Author(s):  
A. Brytan ◽  
B. Ivanov ◽  
V. Osis
Keyword(s):  
Measurement System ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
System Management ◽  
Atmospheric Ozone ◽  
Information Measuring ◽  
Information Measuring System ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Error Of Measurement

The structural diagram of an automated information and measurement system for monitoring the characteristics of atmospheric ozone, the purpose and interaction of the main components of the system are presented. System management software is considered. The results of determination of the total ozone content (TOC), which were obtained by comparing simultaneous data, determined manually by the operator and using the layout of the information-measuring system, with a relative error of measurement difference did not exceed 4.3%. The results of measurements with automatic averaging of the values obtained during the day showed that there was no need to choose windows of cloudless or homogeneous sky. The development can be recommended for use as a basis for the creation of a modern automated information and measurement system for monitoring the characteristics of atmospheric ozone.

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