scholarly journals Strain-dependent wicking behavior of cotton/lycra elastic woven fabric for sportswear

e-Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Qifan Qiao ◽  
Zuowei Ding ◽  
Fengxin Sun
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Water Drop ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Horizontal Wicking ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Strain Dependent ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Strain Strengthening

Abstract The strain-dependent vertical and horizontal wicking of as-prepared cotton/lycra elastic woven fabric was systematically studied. The experimental results revealed that the fabric exhibited a strain strengthening effect. A higher tensile strain results in a higher equilibrium wicking height, and vice versa. Moreover, the results indicated that the proposed Laughlin–Davies model is capable of tracking well the experimental data and replicating the wicking characteristics of fabric under different levels of stretch. In addition, the wetting time and wicking area of fabric under different strains and height regimes were examined during horizontal wicking. It was found that the wetting time decreased with an increase of strain and/or water drop height. The strain-enhanced and height-weakened effects of wicking area were revealed. The spreading mechanism of water drop in elastic fabric was also proposed. Such fundamental work provides a basic support for the in-depth investigation of wicking behavior of complex stretchable textile structures.

scholarly journals Selective cannabis strain allergy in a patient presenting with a local allergic reaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Stepaniuk ◽  
Amin Kanani
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Skin Prick Testing ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Published Report ◽  
Cannabis Indica ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Allergen Identification ◽  
Strain Dependent ◽  
Fresh Skin

Abstract Background Cannabis use is growing domestically due to recent legalization in many jurisdictions. There are two main species of cannabis, Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica, and thousands of different commercially available cannabis strains. Although there are multiple reports of cannabis allergy in the literature, to our knowledge, there is no prior published report of selective cannabis strain allergy. Case presentation A 31-year-old male was referred for allergy assessment due to several episodes of localized pruritus and erythema after direct contact with various strains of cannabis. He had noted that the severity of his reaction appeared to be strain dependent. He developed a severe local reaction involving bilateral periorbital edema shortly after coming into direct contact with one particular strain of cannabis. He denied any adverse symptoms after inhalation of cannabis. Fresh skin prick testing was performed to various strains of cannabis and had positive testing to the three of the five tested strains. Conclusions We believe this is the first reported case of selective cannabis strain allergy based on patient history and skin prick testing. This case report outlines the variability in different strains of cannabis and stresses the importance of further research into cannabis allergen identification. Multiple cannabis allergens should be included and incorporated into commercial extracts when they become routinely available.

Numerical Simulation and Experimental Investigation of Residual Stress in 06Cr19Ni10 Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld Joint with Effects of Strain-Strengthening

2016 ◽  
Vol 853 ◽  
pp. 204-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Qing Tang ◽  
Hui Fang Li ◽  
Xiao Xiao Wang ◽  
Cai Fu Qian
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Weld Joint ◽  
Strengthening Effect ◽  
Steel Weld ◽  
Stainless Steel Weld ◽  
Steel Weld Joint ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel Weld ◽  
Strain Strengthening

In this paper, Finite Element Modeling (FEM) using Marc software was carried out to investigate the strain-strengthening effect on residual stress in 06Cr19Ni10 austenitic stainless steel weld joint made by MIG welding. The model prediction of residual stress was validated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method. It is found that there is a good agreement between the model predictions and the experimental results. The strain-strengthening can significantly improve the distribution of residual welding stress. Specifically in weld zone and the heat-affected zone (HAZ), residual stress decreases with increasing strain-strengthening level.

Differences in in vitro interactions between macrophages with pathogenic and environmental strains of Prototheca

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-436
Author(s):  
Jin Yang ◽  
Junhao Zhu ◽  
Timothy Kudinha ◽  
Fanrong Kong ◽  
Qiang-qiang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Inos Protein ◽  
Colony Forming Unit ◽  
Inos Protein Expression ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
In Vitro Interactions

Aim: We investigated the interactions between macrophage and different strains of Prototheca. Materials & method: J774A.1 macrophages were infected with clinical isolates of Prototheca ciferrii 18125 and P. ciferrii 50779 and environmental isolate of  P. ciferrii N71. Phagocytosis activities were compared by colony-forming unit assays at 3, 6 and 9 h after infection. Cytokine levels were detected by RT-PCR and ELISA. iNOS protein expression was examined by western blotting. Results: All P. ciferrii strains were phagocytized by macrophages but induced different levels of cytokines in macrophages. Moreover, infected by  P. ciferrii N71 upregulated much higher iNOS protein expression in J774A.1 than that infected by the clinical strains. Conclusion: Clinical and environmental P. ciferrii strains show differences in their interactions with macrophages, which may be attributed to their virulence.

Different strains and substrains of rats show different levels of neuropathic pain behaviors

1999 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Wook Yoon ◽  
Doo Hyun Lee ◽  
Bae Hwan Lee ◽  
Kyungsoon Chung ◽  
J. M. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Neuropathic Pain ◽  
Pain Behaviors ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Different Levels

Safety Factor of Austenitic Stainless Steel Pressure Vessels With Strain-Strengthening

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Chen ◽  
Yang-Chun Deng ◽  
Xiao-Feng Yang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Cryogenic Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Strain Strengthening

The yield strength of austenitic stainless steels can be increased significantly through the strain-strengthening process. In this study, we presented the basic principle of strain-strengthening and introduced two strain-strengthening processes of austenitic stainless steels, Avesta process at normal temperature and Ardeform process at cryogenic temperature, in which Avesta process was much easier to operate. The design safety factor of pressure vessels with different levels of strain strengthening by Avesta process was also investigated. It was recommended that the strain during Avesta strain-strengthening process should be limited within 5%.

scholarly journals The LPS Responsiveness in BN and LEW Rats and Its Severity Are Modulated by the Liver

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Haoshu Fang ◽  
Hao Jin ◽  
Chuanfeng Hua ◽  
Anding Liu ◽  
Zichen Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Low Responder ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Strain Dependent ◽  
Transplantation Model

Differences in LPS responsiveness influence the outcome of patients with sepsis. The intensity of the response is highly variable in patients and strain dependent in rodents. However, the role of the liver for initiating the LPS response remains ill defined. We hypothesize that hepatic LPS uptake is a key event for initiating the LPS response. In the present study, the severity of the LPS-induced inflammatory response and the hepatic LPS uptake was compared in two rat strains (Lewis (LEW) rats and Brown Norway (BN) rats). Using a transplantation model, we demonstrated the decisive role of the liver. The expression of hepatic TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA levels in BN rats was significantly lower than that in LEW rats. LEW rats were sensitized to LPS via G-CSF pretreatment. Sensitization caused by G-CSF pretreatment induced severe liver injury and mortality in LEW rats, but not in BN rats (survival rate: 0% (LEW) versus 100% (BN), p<0.01). LEW rats presented with higher liver enzymes, more alterations in histology, and higher expression of caspase 3 and higher cytokines levels. One of the reasons could be the increased hepatic LPS uptake, which was only observed in LEW but not in BN livers. Using the transplantation model revealed the decisive role of the LPS responsiveness of the liver. Injection of LPS to the high-responding LEW recipient before transplantation of a low-responder BN liver resulted in a 50% survival rate. In contrast, injecting the same dose of LPS into the high-responding LEW recipient after transplanting the low-responding BN liver resulted in a 100% survival rate. The severity of inflammatory response in different strains might be related to the differences in hepatic LPS uptake. This observation suggests that the liver plays a genetically defined decisive role in modulating the inflammatory severity.

scholarly journals Air, moisture and thermal comfort properties of woven fabrics from selected yarns

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (03) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
ZAHRA QURBAT ◽  
MANGAT ASIF ELAHI ◽  
FRAZ AHMAD ◽  
HUSSAIN SAJID ◽  
ABBAS MUDASSAR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapour ◽  
Air Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabrics ◽  
Water Vapour Permeability ◽  
Woven Fabric ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Weft Direction ◽  
Wetting Time ◽  
Thermal Comfort Properties ◽  
Thermal Absorptivity

Air and moisture transport properties of plain woven fabric made from 20sNec cotton in warp and 20sNec pure yarns of tencel, modal, pro-modal, bamboo, polyester and cotton yarn inweft direction are studied. Major characteristics added for this study include water vapour permeability, air permeability, wettingtime and wicking speed. In comparison of six different samples of variously composed materials in weft direction, the air permeability of tencel was minimum and polyester was maximum, whereas the reverse results were observed for both the samples in case of water vapour permeability. Among the blends with cotton, thermal conductivity of bamboo and thermal absorptivity of polyester was found maximum whereas the minimum thermal resistance was observed for pro modal yarn in weft. Similar pattern was observed in spreading speed and wetting time of the polyester when observed from either side top or bottom. Air and moisture comfort properties of bamboo and pro modal, having nearly similar values are suggested to be used in garments used for golf players

scholarly journals Survival of Clinical and Poultry-Derived Isolates of Campylobacter jejuni at a Low Temperature (4°C)

2001 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 4186-4191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kam Fai Chan ◽  
Huyen Le Tran ◽  
R. Y. Kanenaka ◽  
S. Kathariou
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Bacterial Gastroenteritis ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Strain Dependent

ABSTRACT Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in humans, and contamination of poultry has been implicated in illness. The bacteria are fastidious in terms of their temperature requirements, being unable to grow below ca. 31°C, but have been found to be physiologically active at lower temperatures and to tolerate exposure to low temperatures in a strain-dependent manner. In this study, 19 field isolates of C. jejuni (10 of clinical and 9 of poultry origin) were studied for their ability to tolerate prolonged exposure to low temperature (4°C). Although substantial variability was found among different strains, clinical isolates tended to be significantly more likely to remain viable following cold exposure than poultry-derived strains. In contrast, the relative degree of tolerance of the bacteria to freezing at −20°C and freeze-thawing was strain specific but independent of strain source (poultry versus clinical) and degree of cold (4°C) tolerance.

Variability in the posttranslational processing of penicillin-binding protein 1b among different strains of Escherichia coli

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Fernando Rojo ◽  
José Berenguer ◽  
Juan A. Ayala ◽  
Miguel A. De Pedro
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Molecular Forms ◽  
Penicillin Binding Protein ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Form Processing ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Cell Envelopes ◽  
Strain Dependent ◽  
Processing Mechanism

Screening of a number of unrelated strains of Escherichia coli confirms the existence of at least two patterns of molecular forms for penicillin-binding protein 1b in E. coli cell envelopes. Our data support that the β-form of this protein is produced by posttranslational modification of the α-form and suggest that the absence of the β-form in some strains is due to a strain-dependent variability in the α-form processing mechanism.

scholarly journals Co-feeding glucose with either gluconate or galacturonate during clostridial fermentations provides metabolic fine-tuning capabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresah N. K. Zu ◽  
Sanchao Liu ◽  
Elliot S. Gerlach ◽  
Wais Mojadedi ◽  
Christian J. Sund
Keyword(s):  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Mixed Fermentation ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Commodity Chemicals ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Metabolic Output ◽  
Electron Carriers ◽  
Strain Dependent

AbstractClostridiumacetobutylicum ATCC 824 effectively utilizes a wide range of substrates to produce commodity chemicals. When grown on substrates of different oxidation states, the organism exhibits different recycling needs of reduced intracellular electron carrying co-factors. Ratios of substrates with different oxidation states were used to modulate the need to balance electron carriers and demonstrate fine-tuned control of metabolic output. Three different oxidized substrates were first fed singularly, then in different ratios to three different strains of Clostridium sp. Growth was most robust when fed glucose in exclusive fermentations. However, the use of the other two more oxidized substrates was strain-dependent in exclusive feeds. In glucose-galacturonate mixed fermentation, the main products (acetate and butyrate) were dependant on the ratios of the substrates. Exclusive fermentation on galacturonate was nearly homoacetic. Co-utilization of galacturonate and glucose was observed from the onset of fermentation in growth conditions using both substrates combined, with the proportion of galacturonate present dictating the amount of acetate produced. For all three strains, increasing galacturonate content (%) in a mixture of galacturonate and glucose from 0 to 50, and 100, resulted in a corresponding increase in the amount of acetate produced. For example, C.acetobutylicum increased from ~ 10 mM to ~ 17 mM, and then ~ 23 mM. No co-utilization was observed when galacturonate was replaced with gluconate in the two substrate co-feed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document