scholarly journals Loliolide - the most ubiquitous lactone

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Grabarczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Wińska ◽  
Wanda Mączka ◽  
Bartłomiej Potaniec ◽  
Mirosław Anioł
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Tropical Coral ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Living Organisms

The searching for biologically active compounds produced by living organisms led to the discovery of a number of compounds with more or less complicated structure. One of the simplest molecules are monoterpenoid lactones and loliolide is the most common among them. Loliolide was found in animals (insects) and plants (flowers, shrubs, trees) both terrestrial and marine, such as algae and corals. Many years of research on plants used in traditional folk medicine of different countries have led to the conclusion that this compound has a variety of biological properties such as anti-cancer, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant ones. Moreover, plants containing loliolide are used in alternative medicine in treatment of diabetes and depression. It is extremely interesting that this lactone also affects the behavior of ants as well as the development of certain plants (allelopathic activity). However, sometimes there are side effects as in the case of structural analogues of loliolide contributing to extinction of tropical coral.

scholarly journals Molecular Changes Underlying Genistein Treatment of Wound Healing: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-141
Author(s):  
Matúš Čoma ◽  
Veronika Lachová ◽  
Petra Mitrengová ◽  
Peter Gál
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Estrogen Receptor Modulators ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Skin Repair ◽  
Genistein Treatment ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Promising Source

Estrogen deprivation is one of the major factors responsible for many age-related processes including poor wound healing in postmenopausal women. However, the reported side-effects of estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) have precluded broad clinical administration. Therefore, selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) have been developed to overcome the detrimental side effects of ERT on breast and/or uterine tissues. The use of natural products isolated from plants (e.g., soy) may represent a promising source of biologically active compounds (e.g., genistein) as efficient alternatives to conventional treatment. Genistein as natural SERM has the unique ability to selectively act as agonist or antagonist in a tissue-specific manner, i.e., it improves skin repair and simultaneously exerts anti-cancer and chemopreventive properties. Hence, we present here a wound healing phases-based review of the most studied naturally occurring SERM.

scholarly journals The efficient synthesis of 1-deoxymannojirimycin and its derivatives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Benjamin Mark Mandinka Deeble
Keyword(s):  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Lysosomal Storage Diseases ◽  
Heterocyclic Ring ◽  
Lysosomal Storage ◽  
Synthetic Strategy ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Structural Analogues ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
Significant Effort ◽  
Selection Of

<p>Azasugars are structural analogues of carbohydrates whereby the oxygen in the heterocyclic ring is substituted for a nitrogen. These carbohydrates are an important class of compounds with medicinal bioactivities and have shown potential for the treatment of diabetes, viral-infection, cancers, and lysosomal storage diseases. 1-deoxymannojirimycin (DMJ), is a mannosidase inhibiting azasugar which has shown anti-cancer and anti-viral activity. There has been significant effort put towards developing methodology to produce this compound and libraries of its derivatives. This thesis presents the synthesis of DMJ and a selection of its derivatives via an efficient 4 step methodology from a carbohydrate starting material, exploiting chemo and regioselective reactions to allow for a total synthesis with minimal use of protecting groups. The synthesis of DMJ, using the methodology developed herein, surpasses published syntheses in efficiency. This synthetic strategy was then used for the preparation of N-functionalised DMJ derivatives without the requirement of additional synthetic steps. To illustrate the versatility of this methodology, a selection of derivatives incorporating different functionalities have been synthesised.</p>

scholarly journals Clitoria ternatea - Shifting Paradigms: From Laboratory to Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-26
Author(s):  
C. B. Ranaweera ◽  
A. K. Chandana
Keyword(s):  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Clitoria Ternatea ◽  
In Vivo Experiments ◽  
Industrial Level ◽  
New Treatments

Clitoria ternatea commonly known as Butterfly pea is a standard Ayurvedic medicinal plant used in many parts of south Asian countries. Traditional medicinal plants are a great alternative to find new treatments and for the development of novel antimicrobials to combat many diseases. In Ayurveda and traditional and folk medicine in several countries, decoction and extracts made from C. ternatea are recommended to be used for various medical treatments. C. ternatea extracts claimed to possess antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal properties, which had been supported and validated by many in vitro and in vivo experiments. However, biologically active compound/s isolation and development novel compounds still remain in its infancy. Despite its enormous potential health benefits, only a single commercial product managed to reach industrial level production. C. ternatea cyclotide studies are also limited despite the fact that it the fastest known natural ligase discovered to date. These cyclotides are rapid peptide ligators and has been the focus of many recent studies on peptide ligation and cyclization for biotechnological applications. In this mini summary we have tried to point out innate unique biological properties of C. ternatea and suggested few future studies, more specifically on C. ternatea cyclotides development against bacterial heat shock proteins (Hsp 100) for novel antimicrobial discovery and development.

Helenalin - A Sesquiterpene Lactone with Multidirectional Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Drogosz ◽  
Anna Janecka
Keyword(s):  
Sesquiterpene Lactone ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Sesquiterpene Lactones ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Minor Injuries

Sesquiterpene lactones, secondary metabolites of plants, present in a large number of species mostly from the Asteracea family, are used in the traditional medicine of many countries for the treatment of various pathological conditions. They exert a broad range of activities, including antiinflammatory, anti-bacterial and anti-cancer properties. The best-known sesquiterpene lactones which are already used as drugs or are used in clinical trials are artemisinin, thapsigargin and parthenolide. Yet another sesquiterpene lactone, helenalin, an active component of Arnica montana, known for its strong anti-inflammatory activity, has been used for centuries in folk medicine to treat minor injuries. Unfortunately, helenalin’s ability to cause allergic reactions and its toxicity to healthy tissues prevented so far the development of this sesquiterpene lactone as an anticancer or anti-inflammatory drug. Recently, the new interest in the biological properties, as well as in the synthesis of helenalin analogs has been observed. This review describes helenalin's major biological activities, molecular mechanisms of action, its toxicity and potential for further research.

An Advanced Computational Evaluation for the Most Biologically Active Enantiomers of Chiral Anti-Cancer Agents

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd. Suhail ◽  
Imran Ali
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Data Bank ◽  
Docking Study ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Adrenocortical Cancer ◽  
Chiral Drugs ◽  
Computational Evaluation ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Work Done ◽  
First Time

Background:: Cancer is a very dangerous disease, whose treatment can be improved by removing the factors that cause side effects, if the drugs prescribed for cancer, are chiral in nature. Objectives:: A computational evaluation for the most biologically active enantiomeric form of chiral drugs attacking on DNA of the cell, was done for the first time, and compared with the experimental work done by others previously. Methods:: All the enantiomeric structures of the drugs taken in the present study, were obtained using Marvin sketch, and the structure of DNA to be docked with enantiomers, was obtained from the protein data bank. After that, all the enantiomers of the chiral drugs were docked with DNA one by one for the evaluation of the most biologically active enantiomeric form. Results:: The docking study showed that the different enantiomers interacted with DNA differently because of having different arrangements of atoms/groups. The binding affinity of one of the two enantiomeric forms was higher than that of another. Conclusion:: R-methotrexate for breast cancer; R-mitotane for adrenocortical cancer; R-duvelisib for blood cancer, and S-irinotecan for colon cancer, would be a suitable drug with less toxicity as well as other side effects.

scholarly journals Chemical Investigation of a Biologically Active Schinus molle L. Leaf Extract

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Garzoli ◽  
Valentina Laghezza Masci ◽  
Elisa Ovidi ◽  
Giovanni Turchetti ◽  
Daniele Zago ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Leukaemia Cell Line ◽  
Schinus Molle

The pepper tree Schinus molle L. is an evergreen ornamental plant belonging to the Anacardiaceae family, native to South America and widespread throughout the world. It has biological activities and is used in folk medicine. This paper aims to contribute to a deeper knowledge of its chemical composition and biological properties. S. molle leaf extracts were obtained by sequential extraction with solvents of different polarities and subsequently tested on the HL-60 human leukaemia cell line to define a possible cytotoxic activity. Among the investigated extracts, the petroleum ether extract revealed a high cytotoxic activity, and its chemical composition was further investigated. By a silica column chromatography, eight fractions were obtained, and their compositions were determined by GC-MS analysis. Compounds and relative abundance differed widely among the fractions; sesquiterpenes resulted the main component and alcoholic sesquiterpenes the most abundant.

scholarly journals Determination of inulin in the herbal mixtures by GC-MS method

Pharmacia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Alona Savych ◽  
Svetlana Marchyshyn ◽  
Halyna Kozyr ◽  
Nadiya Yarema
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Herbal Mixture ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Herbal Mixtures

The herbal mixtures due to the wide range of biologically active substances can influence on various links of the pathogenetic mechanism of development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. The carbohydrates, especially inulin, deserve the particular attention through their hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, anticholesterolemic and detoxifying activities. The aim of the study was to investigate the content of inulin in the herbal mixtures No. 3, No. 4, No. 7, No. 13 and No. 19, which are used in folk medicine for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 in Ukraine. The quantity content of inulin was defined by the difference between fructose as a product of enzymatic hydrolysis and fructose, a constituent of sucrose and free fructose, taking into account the empirical factor for the conversion of fructose from inulin. The carbohydrates were separated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after conversion into volatile derivatives as aldononitrile acetate. According to the results, the herbal mixture No. 3 contains 458.97 mg/g of inulin, the herbal mixture No. 4 – 99.21 mg/g, the herbal mixture No. 7 – 139.93 mg/g, the herbal mixture No. 13 – 203.84 mg/g, the herbal mixture No. 19 – 359.65 mg/g. The availability of inulin and its high content in the investigated herbal mixtures due to the presence of inulin-containing medicinal plants, such as Cichorium intubus roots (mixtures No. 3 and No. 13), Taraxacum officinale roots (mixtures No. 3, No. 7 and No. 19), Arctium lappa roots (mixture No. 4), Inula helenium rhizome with roots (mixture No. 7).

scholarly journals Phosphorus Compounds of Natural Origin: Prebiotic, Stereochemistry, Application

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 889
Author(s):  
Oleg I. Kolodiazhnyi
Keyword(s):  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Phosphorus Compounds ◽  
Biochemical Processes ◽  
Metabolic Intermediates ◽  
History Of ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Life On Earth

Organophosphorus compounds play a vital role as nucleic acids, nucleotide coenzymes, metabolic intermediates and are involved in many biochemical processes. They are part of DNA, RNA, ATP and a number of important biological elements of living organisms. Synthetic compounds of this class have found practical application as agrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, bioregulators, and others. In recent years, a large number of phosphorus compounds containing P-O, P-N, P-C bonds have been isolated from natural sources. Many of them have shown interesting biological properties and have become the objects of intensive scientific research. Most of these compounds contain asymmetric centers, the absolute configurations of which have a significant effect on the biological properties of the products of their transformations. This area of research on natural phosphorus compounds is still little-studied, that prompted us to analyze and discuss it in our review. Moreover natural organophosphorus compounds represent interesting models for the development of new biologically active compounds, and a number of promising drugs and agrochemicals have already been obtained on their basis. The review also discusses the history of the development of ideas about the role of organophosphorus compounds and stereochemistry in the origin of life on Earth, starting from the prebiotic period, that allows us in a new way to consider this most important problem of fundamental science.

scholarly journals Phytochemical and pharmacological properties of Curcuma amada: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 3546-3555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahadevi R ◽  
Kavitha R
Keyword(s):  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Curcuma Amada ◽  
Biochemical Compounds ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
Therapeutic Activities

Plants are considered as one of the main sources of biologically active materials. The medicinal property of a plant depends upon the physiologically active biochemical compounds called secondary metabolites. Curcuma amada is one of the important species of Curcuma family having medicinal and biological properties. The aim of the present paper assesses the phytochemicals, volatile compounds, antimicrobial and other biological activities, along with recent trends in research of C. amada. Volatile oils extracted from rhizomes of C. amada are rich in phytoconstituents. The major constituents found in its rhizomes are curcuminoids (curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin), penolic compounds (caffeic acid, gentisic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid cinnamic acid), terpinoids (difurocumenol, amadannulen, amadaldehyde) and essential oil (β-myrcene and α-asarone). The curcuminoids present in C. amada is responsible for its therapeutic activities. It is traditionally used to treat various diseases which includes anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-cancer, anti-tubercular, anti -allergy, anthelmintic and antipyretic activities. It also possesses healing of various skin diseases.

scholarly journals COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF BLACK SEED OIL

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Hanna Mayisovna Alkhasova ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Georgievich Soloviev
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Phytochemical Composition ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Important Basis ◽  
Active Substances

Since ancient times, black cumin seeds have been widely used in folk medicine, but thanks to modern scientifi c research and the discovery of a rich phytochemical composition, Nigella sativa can serve as an important basis for the creation of medicines and dietary supplements in classical medicine, as they are a valuable source of polyunsaturated fatty acids and biologically active substances

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