Adsorption/desorption, Kinetics and Equilibrium Studies for the Uptake of Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto Banana Peel

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanjay Bhagat ◽  
Vidyadhar V. Gedam ◽  
Pranav Pathak
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Desorption Kinetics ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

AbstractThe paper addresses an exploration of the removal efficiency of banana peel ftrip(BP) towards copper and zinc ions from water and to optimize the factors involved in this adsorption process. In this sense, process optimization, kinetics, and equilibrium studies were performed in a batch process. The kinetics shows that the equilibrium reached in 60 minutes and the adsorption is favored above pH 5. The BP was firstly characterized by proximate analysis, FTIR, BET surface area, and SEM. The highest adsorption capacity for Langmuir isotherm for Cu(II) and Zn(II) onto BP was observed to be 61.728 mg/g and 55.56 mg/g respectively. Finally, the regeneration of BP was also studied up to 5 cycles. Thus, BP showed excellent adsorption characteristics during the uptake of Cu(II) and Zn(II) from wastewater effluent and can be used as low-cost agricultural waste biomass as an adsorbent.

scholarly journals Elemental Composition of Biochar Obtained from Agricultural Waste for Soil Amendment and Carbon Sequestration

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (19) ◽  
pp. 3980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saowanee Wijitkosum ◽  
Preamsuda Jiwnok
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Agricultural Crop

For an agricultural country such as Thailand, converting agricultural waste into biochar offers a potential solution to manage massive quantities of crop residues following harvest. This research studied the structure and chemical composition of biochar obtained from cassava rhizomes, cassava stems and corncobs, produced using a patented locally-manufactured biochar kiln using low-cost appropriate technology designed to be fabricated locally by farmers. The research found that cassava stems yielded the highest number of Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area in the biochar product, while chemical analysis indicated that corncobs yielded the highest amount of C (81.35%). The amount of H in the corncob biochar was also the highest (2.42%). The study also showed biochar produced by slow pyrolysis was of a high quality, with stable C and low H/C ratio. Biochar’s high BET surface area and total pore volume makes it suitable for soil amendment, contributing to reduced soil density, higher soil moisture and aeration and reduced leaching of plant nutrients from the rhizosphere. Biochar also provides a conducive habitat for beneficial soil microorganisms. The findings indicate that soil incorporation of biochar produced from agricultural crop residues can enhance food security and mitigate the contribution of the agricultural sector to climate change impacts.

scholarly journals Characterization and comparison of walnut shells-based activated carbons and their adsorptive properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 450-463
Author(s):  
Xiya Li ◽  
Jieqiong Qiu ◽  
Yiqi Hu ◽  
Xiaoyuan Ren ◽  
Lu He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Total Pore Volume ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Hydrothermal Carbonization ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Walnut Shells ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The production of low-cost biologically activated carbons (BACs) is urgent need of environmental protection and ecological sustainability. Hence, walnut shells were treated by traditional pyrolysis, direct KOH impregnation and combined activation composed of hydrothermal carbonization and two-step H3PO4- and pyrolysis-activation process to obtain porous carbon with high adsorption capacity. It was found that the best adsorption capacity for iodine and organic dye methylene blue (MB) can be obtained using the KOH impregnation at impregnation ratio of 1:1 or combined activation comprising of 2 h H3PO4 activation and 1 h pyrolysis activation at 1000°C. The produced KOH, H3PO4/pyrolysis activated BACs at the optimum conditions are superior to that of commercial ACs, 9.4 and 1.3 times for MB removal, 4 and 4.5 times for iodine number respectively. Characterization results demonstrated their porous structure with very good textural properties such as high BET surface area (1689.1 m2/g, 1545.3 m2/g) and high total pore volume (0.94 cm3/g, 0.96 cm3/g). The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm of H3PO4/pyrolysis activated hydrochar suggested the co-existence of micro and meso-pores. Moreover, they are more effective for the removal of Fe(III) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solution than the commercial AC, suggesting a promising application in the field of water treatment.

scholarly journals Performance, Kinetics, and Equlibrium in Textile Dye Remediation by Agricultural Waste Biomass as A Low Cost Adsorbent

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
V.Sivakumar V.Sivakumar ◽  
◽  
M. Asaithambi M. Asaithambi ◽  
P.Sivakumar P.Sivakumar
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Waste Biomass ◽  
Dye Remediation

scholarly journals The Role of the Aluminum Source on the Physicochemical Properties of γ-AlOOH Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Rafael Romero Toledo ◽  
Luis M. Anaya Esparza ◽  
J. Merced Martínez Rosales
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Aluminum Salts ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

The effect on the physicochemical properties of aluminum salts on the synthesis of γ-AlOOH nanostructures has been investigated in detail using a hydrolysis-precipitation method. X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), were used to characterize the synthesized samples. The specific surface area, pore size distribution and pore diameter of the different γ-AlOOH structures were discussed by the N2 adsorption-desorption analysis. According to the results of the nanostructure, characterization revealed that for synthesized γ-AlOOH nanostructures from AlCl3 and Al(NO3)3, obvious XRD peaks corresponding to the bayerite phase are found indicating an impure γ-AlOOH phase. Furthermore, the nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis indicated that the obtained γ-AlOOH nanoparticles from Al2(SO4)3 of technical grade (95.0 % of purity) and low cost, possess a high BET surface area of approximately 350 m2/g, compared to the obtained nanostructures from aluminum sources reactive grade, which was attributed to the presence of Mg (0.9 wt.%) in its nanostructure.

Development of Low Cost Adsorbents from Agricultural Waste Biomass for the Removal of Sr(II) and Cs(I) from Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1019-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bimala Pangeni ◽  
Hari Paudyal ◽  
Katsutoshi Inoue ◽  
Hidetaka Kawakita ◽  
Keisuke Ohto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Biomass

scholarly journals Quantification of Nutritional Composition and Some Antinutrient Factors of Banana Peels and Pineapple Skins

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Noor Fadilah Mohd Bakri ◽  
Zuwariah Ishak ◽  
Arif Zaidi Jusoh ◽  
Hadijah H.
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Composition ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Huge Number ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Sugar Profile ◽  
Proper Disposal ◽  
By Products

Agricultural wastes are by-products generated from growing and processing of agricultural commodities such as vegetables, fruits, meats, poultry and crops. The modernisation of agricultural practises creates huge number of wastes namely animals’ carcass, seeds and skins from crop and also trace of pesticide, along the chain. If these wastes are released without proper disposal procedure, it may cause negative effects to environment and jeopardize human health. Banana and pineapple are amongst the most common crops cultivated in tropical countries. With its bright colour, juicy delicious flesh, and well-studied beneficial compounds, these two fruits are being enjoyed as fresh consumption or in the form of food products like chips and jam. Unfortunately, the peel and the skin are currently being dumped to the landfill as waste. The objective of our study was to evaluate the chemical composition of banana peel and pineapple skin, in order to explore the utilisation of these so-called wastes as food ingredients. The samples were analysed for nutritional composition, anti-nutrients level and sugar profile. Proximate analysis according to AOAC 2000 method were conducted to collect the nutritional composition of samples, antinutrients factors were study via spectrophotometery analysis and sugar profile were achieved by using HPLC-ELSD method.  The results showed that ash, moisture, fat, protein were in the acceptable level (7.0±0.14, 7.55±1.48, 13.95±1.62, 5.0±2.82, 67.25±3.80  g/100 g respectively for banana peels and 3.49±0.02, 8.65±0.87, 0.38±0.07, 4.84±1.73 and 83.31±3.49 g/100 g for pineapple skins respectively) and acceptable levels of tannin and phytic acid for both samples. Analysis of sugar profile revealed that these high values agricultural waste contain fructose, glucose and sucrose – potentially being utilised as a good source of sweetners. Finally, we recommend that banana peels and pineapple skins should properly be processed and exploited as a high quality and inexpensive source of food ingredients.

scholarly journals Kinetic and equilibrium studies of adsorption of Pb(II) on low cost agri-waste adsorbent Jute Stick Powder

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Jahangir Alam ◽  
Mohammad Nasir Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Equilibrium Studies ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

A lingo-cellulosic material Jute Stick Powder was used as a biosorbent to remove Pb(II) ions from aqueous solution and the biosorption behavior was investigated as a function of pH, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dosages and agitation time. Sorption binding sites present in JSP was assessed by Infrared spectroscopy (IR) and Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM). The determined experimental data were fitted to some common kinetic and equilibrium models. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second-order kinetic model gave better fit to experimental data. The study revealed that spontaneous ion-exchange and complexation process involved in the adsorption mechanism. When the repeated adsorption-desorption cycles were performed, JSP kept its adsorptive efficiency even after three cycles of reuse.

scholarly journals Fast adsorption of phosphate (PO4−) from wastewater using glauconite

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (9) ◽  
pp. 1643-1653
Author(s):  
Hassan Younes ◽  
Hani Mahanna ◽  
Hisham Kh. El-Etriby
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Phosphate Removal ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Irreversible Adsorption ◽  
Order Kinetic Model ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Abstract In this study, the removal of phosphate (PO4−) from wastewater using glauconite was investigated. Glauconite was characterized by N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The effects of contact time, pH, initial phosphate concentrations, adsorbent dose, and temperature were investigated by batch experiments. The isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics for phosphate removal were studied. The results showed that glauconite had a rough surface and abundant pores. The determined Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area was 55 m2/g with a pore radius of 1.99 nm and the pore volume was 0.032 cm3/g. FTIR analysis revealed that the abundance of various functional groups on the surface of glauconite may play an important role for the adsorption process. The optimum pH was 11 with complete removal of phosphate in a short time (nearly 1 min). The experimental data fitted very well with the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.999) with a maximum adsorption capacity of 32.26 mg/g at 50 °C. Adsorption kinetic data were best fitted with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R2 = 0.999). Thermodynamic study confirmed the spontaneous, endothermic and irreversible adsorption process. Therefore, glauconite is a promising natural low-cost adsorbent for phosphate removal from wastewater.

scholarly journals Lignin Based Activated Carbon Using H3PO4 Activation

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2829
Author(s):  
Zhongzhi Yang ◽  
Roland Gleisner ◽  
Doreen H. Mann ◽  
Junming Xu ◽  
Jianchun Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Dye Adsorption ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Activated carbon (AC) with a very high surface area of over 2000 m2/g was produced from low sulfur acid hydrotropic lignin (AHL) from poplar wood using H3PO4 at a moderate temperature of 450 °C (AHL-AC6). ACs with similar surface areas were also obtained under the same activation condition from commercial hardwood alkali lignin and lignosulfonate. Initial evaluation of AC performance was carried out using nitrogen adsorption-desorption and dye adsorption. AHL-AC6 exhibited the best specific surface area and dye adsorption performance. Furthermore, the adsorption results of congo red (CR) and methylene blue (MB) showed AHL-AC6 had greater adsorption capacity than those reported in literature. The dye adsorption data fit to the Langmuir model well. The fitting parameter suggests the adsorption is nearly strong and near irreversible, especially for MB. The present study for the first time provided a procedure for producing AC from lignin with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area >2000 m2/g using low cost and low environmental impact H3PO4 at moderate temperatures.

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