scholarly journals Imbibition of wheat seeds: Application of image analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakub Lev ◽  
Jiří Blahovec
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
The Other ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Shape Parameters ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Seed Embryo ◽  
Wheat Seeds

Abstract Image analysis is widely used for monitoring seeds during germination, and it is often the final phase of germination that is subjected to the greatest attention. However, the initial phase of germination (the so-called imbibition) also exhibits interesting behaviour. This work shows that image analysis has significant potential in the imbibition. Herein, a total of 120 seeds were analysed during germination tests, and information about seed size and shape was stored and analysed. It was found that the imbibition can be divided into two newly defined parts. The first one (‘abrupt imbibition’) consists mainly of the swelling of the seed embryo part and lasts approximately one hour. The second one, referred to as ‘main imbibition’, consists mainly of spatial expansion caused by imbibition in the other parts of the seed. The results presented are supported by the development of seed cross area and shape parameters, and by direct observation.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF POSTWEANING GROWTH RATE ON PUBERTY AND OVARIAN ACTIVITY IN HEIFERS

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. DUFOUR
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Corpus Luteum ◽  
Follicular Fluid ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Feeding Regime ◽  
Feeding Regimes

Thirty-six Holstein heifers were randomly assigned at the weight of 136 kg to two groups: a fast-growing (FR) and a moderate-growing (MR) feeding regime for an initial phase of 100 days, followed by a final phase ending with ovariectomy after puberty, during which half of each group was subjected to the other feeding regime. The effect at puberty of the FR was a nonsignificant reduction of 16.3 days in age, and a significant increase (P < 0.01) of 26.2 kg in weight when considering the feeding regimes of the initial phase of growth. When the same treatments were imposed during the final phase of growth, heifers on FR were 52.0 days younger at puberty (P < 0.01) and 10.0 kg lighter (P > 0.05) than heifers on MR. Follicular development, in terms of follicular fluid weight, and diameters of the largest and second largest follicles 15 days after estrus, was greater in the ovary bearing the corpus luteum than in the other ovary. The diameter of the second largest follicle was greater in heifers on FR when imposed in the final phase of growth. Injection of Vetrophin at the estrus preceding ovariectomy did not change the ovulation rate, but increased the percentage of small-sized follicles and decreased the percentage of medium-sized follicles. The number of corpora albicantia observed at ovariectomy indicated that 76.5% of the heifers ovulated prior to puberty without exhibiting a standing estrus. Of those exhibiting an estrus at first ovulation, 33.3% had a first estrous cycle of less than 10.0 days in length.

scholarly journals EFEITO DA FORMA FÍSICA E DO VALOR DE ENERGIA METABOLIZÁVEL DA DIETA SOBRE O DESEMPENHO DE FRANGOS DE CORTE

2002 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. S. FLEMMING ◽  
R. MONTANHINI NETO ◽  
J. S. ARRUDA ◽  
S. G. FRANCO
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
The Other ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Other Hand

O presente trabalho buscou avaliar o desempenho zootécnico de frangos de corte da linhagem ROSS, do 1o ao 49o dia de idade, submetidos a rações com diferentes densidades energéticas e formas físicas (farelada e peletizada). O experimento foi conduzido nos meses de Agosto e Setembro de 1999, no aviário experimental da Cooperativa Agrícola Consolata Ltda., em Cafelândia (PR). Num delineamento em blocos casualizados, foram testados os tratamentos: T1 – ração farelada, com energia metabolizável média de 3137,5 kcal/kg; T2 – ração farelada, com 3100 kcal/kg; T3 – ração peletizada, com 3100 kcal/kg e; T4 – ração peletizada, com 3062,5 kcal/kg. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas (P > 0,05) ao variar-se o nível energético das dietas. Rações peletizadas proporcionaram às aves: maior conversão alimentar e mortalidade no período total (1 a 49 dias de idade) (P 0.05) in regard to the variation of the diets energy levels. Pelleted rations, on the other hand, provided to the birds greater alimentary conversion as well as mortality during the whole period of 1 up to 49 days of age (P < 0.05); smaller weight earning and larger alimentary conversion in the final phase (43 to 49 days of age (P < 0.05) and larger weight earning and larger feed intake at the initial phase (15 to 28 days of age) (P < 0.05).

On the Relationship between Coding and the Ability to See what One is doing in a Sensori-motor Task

1964 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Initial Phase ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
The Other ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Display Control ◽  
The Relationship

In order to examine the possible interaction between different display-control relationships and the ability to look at what one is doing an experiment was carried out under four conditions: half the subjects were trained with a colour code display, the other half with a positional code; within each of these groups half the subjects were allowed to look at their hand while performing, and the others were not. It was found that the effect of not being allowed to look was larger with the colour code in the initial phase of training, and larger with the positional code in the final phase of training.

scholarly journals A Local Oscillator Phase Compensation Technique for Ultra-Wideband Stepped-Frequency Continuous Wave Radar Based on a Low-Cost Software-Defined Radio

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Kazunori Takahashi ◽  
Takashi Miwa
Keyword(s):  
Software Defined Radio ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Local Oscillator ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ultra Wideband ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Wave Radar ◽  
Stepped Frequency

The paper discusses a way to configure a stepped-frequency continuous wave (SFCW) radar using a low-cost software-defined radio (SDR). The most of high-end SDRs offer multiple transmitter (TX) and receiver (RX) channels, one of which can be used as the reference channel for compensating the initial phases of TX and RX local oscillator (LO) signals. It is same as how commercial vector network analyzers (VNAs) compensate for the LO initial phase. These SDRs can thus acquire phase-coherent in-phase and quadrature (I/Q) data without additional components and an SFCW radar can be easily configured. On the other hand, low-cost SDRs typically have only one transmitter and receiver. Therefore, the LO initial phase has to be compensated and the phases of the received I/Q signals have to be retrieved, preferably without employing an additional receiver and components to retain the system low-cost and simple. The present paper illustrates that the difference between the phases of TX and RX LO signals varies when the LO frequency is changed because of the timing of the commencement of the mixing. The paper then proposes a technique to compensate for the LO initial phases using the internal RF loopback of the transceiver chip and to reconstruct a pulse, which requires two streaming: one for the device under test (DUT) channel and the other for the internal RF loopback channel. The effect of the LO initial phase and the proposed method for the compensation are demonstrated by experiments at a single frequency and sweeping frequency, respectively. The results show that the proposed method can compensate for the LO initial phases and ultra-wideband (UWB) pulses can be reconstructed correctly from the data sampled by a low-cost SDR.

scholarly journals Neutron Imaging Using a Fine-Grained Nuclear Emulsion

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Author(s):  
Katsuya Hirota ◽  
Tomoko Ariga ◽  
Masahiro Hino ◽  
Go Ichikawa ◽  
Shinsuke Kawasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Neutron Detector ◽  
Nuclear Emulsion ◽  
Neutron Imaging ◽  
The Other ◽  
Crystal Oscillator ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Cold Neutrons ◽  
Track Analysis

A neutron detector using a fine-grained nuclear emulsion has a sub-micron spatial resolution and thus has potential to be applied as high-resolution neutron imaging. In this paper, we present two approaches to applying the emulsion detectors for neutron imaging. One is using a track analysis to derive the reaction points for high resolution. From an image obtained with a 9 μm pitch Gd grating with cold neutrons, periodic peak with a standard deviation of 1.3 μm was observed. The other is an approach without a track analysis for high-density irradiation. An internal structure of a crystal oscillator chip, with a scale of approximately 30 μm, was able to be observed after an image analysis.

scholarly journals Effect of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point disease of wheat

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
PK Malaker ◽  
IH Mian
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Black Point ◽  
Wheat Seeds

The efficacy of seed treatment and foliar spray with fungicides in controlling black point incidence of wheat seeds was evaluated in the field. Two seed treating fungicides, namely Vitavax-200 and Homai-80WP were used @ 0.25% of dry seed weight and foliar spray with Tilt-250EC (0.05%) was applied in six different schedules. Untreated and unsprayed controls were also maintained. Seed treatment with either Vitavax-200 or Homai-80WP significantly increased plant population and grain yield, but none of them was found effective in reducing black point incidence. On the other hand, foliar sprays with Tilt-250EC under all the spray schedules except spraying at 70 and 90 DAS significantly minimized the disease severity over unsprayed control. Among the different spray schedules, spraying at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, and 90 DAS appeared to be most effective, which was similar to spraying at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS in reducing black point incidence and increasing grain yield. Economic analysis on yield advantage showed that the highest additional gross margin of Tk. 6120/ha with BCR 2.57 was obtained from five sprays applied at 30, 45, 60, 75, and 90 DAS. Key Words: Seed treatment, foliar spray, black point, wheat. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v34i3.3968 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 34(3) : 425-434, September 2009

Optimization of Inlet Ring Groove Arrangement for Suppression of Unstable Flow in a Centrifugal Impeller

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahiro Ishida ◽  
Daisaku Sakaguchi ◽  
Hironobu Ueki
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Centrifugal Impeller ◽  
Shape Parameters ◽  
Unstable Flow ◽  
Ring Groove ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Small Flow ◽  
Specific Speed ◽  
Large Flow

An optimization of the inlet ring groove arrangement has been pursued in the present study for obtaining better impeller characteristics and a wider operation range at both small and large flow rates in a high specific speed type centrifugal impeller with inducer. The effects of the shape parameters with respect to the inlet ring groove on the impeller characteristic and the flow incidence were analyzed mainly based on numerical simulations, but also compared to the experimental results. At small flow rates, a significant improvement in the impeller characteristic is achieved due to reduction in the excessive-positive flow incidence by optimizing both location and width of the rear groove near the inducer tip throat. On the other hand, the impeller characteristic is improved at large flow rates by implementing the corner radius at the rear groove edge and by placing another front ring groove in the suction pipe. As a result, by the optimized configuration of the front and rear ring grooves, the unstable flow range of the test impeller can be reduced by about 50% without deterioration of the impeller characteristic even at the 125% flow rate.

No effect of brain blood flow on ventilatory depression during sustained hypoxia

1989 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1674-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Suzuki ◽  
M. Nishimura ◽  
H. Yamamoto ◽  
K. Miyamoto ◽  
F. Kishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Brain Tissue ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Brain Blood Flow ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Venous Pco2 ◽  
Tissue Pco2 ◽  
Sustained Hypoxia

Minute ventilation (VE) during sustained hypoxia is not constant but begins to decline within 10–25 min in adult humans. The decrease in brain tissue PCO2 may be related to this decline in VE, because hypoxia causes an increase in brain blood flow, thus resulting in enhanced clearance of CO2 from the brain tissue. To examine the validity of this hypothesis, we measured VE and arterial and internal jugular venous blood gases simultaneously and repeatedly in 15 healthy male volunteers during progressive and subsequent sustained isocapnic hypoxia (arterial PO2 = 45 Torr) for 20 min. It was assumed that jugular venous PCO2 was an index of brain tissue PCO2. Mean VE declined significantly from the initial (16.5 l/min) to the final phase (14.1 l/min) of sustained hypoxia (P less than 0.05). Compared with the control (50.9 Torr), jugular venous PCO2 significantly decreased to 47.4 Torr at the initial phase of hypoxia but did not differ among the phases of hypoxia (47.2 Torr for the intermediate phase and 47.7 Torr for the final phase). We classified the subjects into two groups by hypoxic ventilatory response during progressive hypoxia at the mean value. The decrease in VE during sustained hypoxia was significant in the low responders (n = 9) [13.2 (initial phase) to 9.3 l/min (final phase of hypoxia), P less than 0.01], but not in the high responders (n = 6) (20.9–21.3 l/min, NS). This finding could not be explained by the change of arterial or jugular venous gases, which did not significantly change during sustained hypoxia in either group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Coins and amphoras—Chios, Samos and Thasos in the fifth century B.C.

1981 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 78-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold B. Mattingly
Keyword(s):  
Fifth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Peloponnesian War ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
The South ◽  
Floor Level ◽  
South West ◽  
New Material ◽  
Material Evidence

The American excavators in the south-west area of the Forum at Corinth have revealed an intriguing architectural complex, which they have called the ‘Punic Amphora Building’. Evidently it housed a thriving import business with a speciality in fish and wine, whose trade extended in one direction to Sicily and perhaps Spain and in the other to Chalkidike and Chios. Masses of fragments of Punic and Chian amphoras were found crushed and pounded in the make-up of successive floor-levels in the courtyard, together with numerous pieces from Mende and elsewhere. Many others emerged from the single floors of most of the rooms or were discovered in the littered debris from the final phase of occupation. The life of this business house was somewhat short, but a domestic building on the same site had earlier been partly devoted to the same trade. All this activity ceased with dramatic suddenness; the emporium went out of use and in the late fifth century it was overlaid in one area by a new road. The end seems to be securely dated c. 430 B.C. by Attic black-glaze pottery in the final floor-level or in the debris covering the last floor. Professor Williams plausibly links the collapse of business with the interruption of Corinth's trade caused by the outbreak of the Peloponnesian War: one of Athens' first war measures was to blockade both the Saronic and the Corinthian Gulfs. This new material evidence for Corinthian commerce is most welcome in itself and, as I hope to show in this paper, it may help clarify other problems.

The concept of state

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Odo Diekmann ◽  
Hans Heesterbeek ◽  
Tom Britton
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Spatial Position ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
The Other ◽  
Final Size ◽  
Environmental Input ◽  
Current Value

This chapter considers the case of individuals who differ from each other with respect to traits that are relevant for the transmission of an infectious agent. How do we describe the spread of the agent? How do we quantify the infectivity? What happens in the initial phase? Can we characterize the final size? Examples of the “traits” we have in mind are age, sex, sexual activity level, sexual disposition, and spatial position. So a trait may be static or dynamic, it may be discrete or continuous. Traits are considered as i-states, where “i” means “individual” and where “state” signifies that the current value together with the environmental input in the intervening period completely determines future behavior. The heterogeneity of individuals is classified in terms of a component, h-state, of their i-state, while the other component, d-state, summarizes all relevant information about output of infectious material.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document