Prevalence and distribution of causes of infertility according to women’s age – a cross-sectional study in a tertiary healthcare hospital setup

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keerthana Dhandapani ◽  
Bhagyalakshmi Kodavanji ◽  
Vinodini Nithyananda Madom Anantharaya ◽  
Nayanatara Arun Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Objectives Infertility has disastrous consequences, particularly for women. Causes of infertility in developed countries have been investigated but there is a significant lack of data among Indian female population. The aim of the present study was to analyze the causes and the proportion of the individual factors contributing to infertility, considering the age factor. Methods The data of 204 infertile women (18–45 years) were collected from the files in tertiary care hospitals. Causes and age of infertile women were grouped. The prevalence of each cause was evaluated. Data analysis was done using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 17.0. Results Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) was the most common (14.71%) cause of female infertility. Ovulatory dysfunctions (25.55%) were the foremost cause in primary infertility, whereas in secondary infertility, uterine factors (26.86%) were most common. The incidence of primary and secondary infertility was more evident in patients who were more than 30 years of age. Conclusions Causes of infertility vary according to the age. The causes of female infertility were unexplained infertility, ovulatory disorders and uterine factors most commonly affecting women at ≤30 years.

scholarly journals Success Rates of Vaginal Sonography and Hysteroscopy for Diagnosis of Intrauterine Pathologies in Female Infertility

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Mahnaz Yavangi ◽  
Marzieh Farimani ◽  
Firozeh Zonoori ◽  
Nooshin Mohammadpour ◽  
Mohamad Ali Dayani
Keyword(s):  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Female Infertility ◽  
Transvaginal Sonography ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Vaginal Sonography

Background and Aim: Uterine anatomical pathologies play important roles in causing female infertility. This study was conducted to survey the efficiency of hysteroscopy and vaginal sonography in detecting the intrauterine pathologies in infertile women. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on all the infertile women referring to the Endometriosis Research Center between December 22, 2013 and August 22, 2015. Forty five women were recruited and the data on the examinations of uterine lesions were analyzed by transvaginal sonography (TVS), hysteroscopy, and pathology as the standard test. Data analysis was conducted by SPSSv16 using t-test and Mann-Whitney test, and the sensitivity and specificity were measured with reference to the standard test. Findings: For diagnosing polyp, endometrial hyperplasia, and myoma, TVS showed the 75%, 25%, and 85.71% sensitivity, respectively, and specificity of 92.30%, 92.30%, and 56.97% respectively. For them, hysteroscopy showed the 60%, 75%, and 75.71% sensitivity respectively, and specificity of 71.65%, 30.92%, and 56.97% respectively. Conclusion: According to the findings of this study, the sensitivity of TVS and hysteroscopic findings in diagnosing uterine pathologies is relatively high, but the sensitivity of TVS was low to diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia.

Mental Health Issues in Female Population during Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3370-3374
Author(s):  
Syeda Fariha Hussain ◽  
Shazia Aftab ◽  
Huma Baloch ◽  
Naila Qamar ◽  
Maryam Masood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Negative Effect

Background: Female population can be affected by various psychological factors that can have adverse effects on the woman’s mental health. Pandemics are one such times which can have negative effect on the mental health. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the status of depression and anxiety and factors associated with it in the female population (pregnant and non-pregnant women) during the outbreak of COVID-19. Methods: This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 345 women coming to a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. The data was collected using the socio-demographic characteristics questionnaire and the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 questionnaires. Regression analysis was done to determine the association between various factors with depression and anxiety. Results: Mean age of the participants was 27.9 years Depression and anxiety symptoms were observed in 32.7, 32.7, and 43.9% of the participants, respectively The mean score of depression was found to be 3.72 (3.80) whereas of anxiety was 3.5 (4.006). The overall prevalence of depression was 30.5% and that of anxiety was 18.55%, with varying degrees from mild to severe. Conclusions: Females in general and pregnant women specifically need special attention of the health care policy makers and this group should be given importance especially in times of such pandemics and all necessary measures should be taken to provide mental and psychological support. Keywords: COVID-19, Pregnancy, Prevalence, Depression, Anxiety, Stress

scholarly journals Drug utilization study in patients visiting dermatology outpatient department in tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1533
Author(s):  
Salman H. Rizvi ◽  
Ujwala P. Gawali ◽  
Prashant S. Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Tertiary Healthcare

Background: With the surge of basic and clinical research activities, and subsequent recognition of newer dermatological disorders; dermatology is now considered to be one of the most important specialties in a healthcare setup. Dermatological problem in India manifests as primary and secondary cutaneous complaints. The aim of this study was to assess current prescribing practices among physicians for dermatology patients in tertiary care hospital.Methods: A prospective, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in Department of Pharmacology in collaboration with Department of Dermatology in a tertiary healthcare hospital. As per inclusion criteria, patients visiting Dermatology Outpatient department (OPD) from October 2018 to December 2018 were enrolled in the study.Results: The average number of drugs per encounter was 4.9. 100% of the drugs were prescribed by their generic name and those prescribed from World Health Organization (WHO) list of essential medicines were 68.9%. Analysis of polypharmacy showed maximum 11 and minimum 2 drug was prescribed. Overall analysis of the drugs showed, the most common route of administration was orally. Antihistamines, antifungals and steroids constitute the major bulk of drug prescribed.Conclusions: In our study, though polypharmacy was found but it was necessary as per the conditions. Anti-fungal, antihistamines and steroids were the most common drugs prescribed. Prescriptions with injections and steroids were less in the study population. All the drugs were prescribed by their generic name and most were present in the essential list of medicines. Use of Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) was higher in our study as compared to other studies.

scholarly journals Weight Management Merits Attention in women with infertility: A Cross-Sectional Study on the Association of Anthropometric Indices with Hormonal Imbalance in a Ghanaian Population

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K.B.A. Owiredu ◽  
Peter Ntim Ofori ◽  
Cornelius Archer Turpin ◽  
Christian Obirikorang ◽  
Emmanuel Acheampong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partial Correlation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Anthropometric Measures ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Hormonal Imbalance

Abstract Objective: This study determined the association of anthropometric indices with hormonal imbalance among infertile women in a Ghanaian population. Results: Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) levels (18.47 vs 8.67, p-value =0.002), and luteinizing hormone (LH) (12.43 vs 8.01, p-value =0.044) were higher in women with primary infertility compared with women presenting with secondary infertility. Waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) showed significant negative partial correlation with prolactin in both primary and secondary infertile women. Also a significant negative partial correlation was observed between BMI and prolactin in secondary infertile women only. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) showed a positive association with LH in both primary and secondary infertility. WHR also showed significant positive correlation to LH/FSH ratio in secondary infertility whereas body adiposity index (BAI) showed a negative correlation to LH/FSH ratio. In a correlation analysis of anthropometric measures with hormonal profile and causes of infertility as a fixed factor, the association between anthropometric indices and fertility hormones was largely dependent on the underlying causes of infertility.

scholarly journals Prevalence of thyroid disorders among infertile women with menstrual irregularities

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Nazlima Nargis ◽  
Abu Kholdun Al Mahmood ◽  
Iqbal Karim
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Detailed History ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
Ovulatory Dysfunction ◽  
Menstrual Irregularities ◽  
Menstrual History ◽  
History Of

Background: The infertility problem is more common phenomenon among the women now a days and has increased over past 30 years. The present study was carried out to see the prevalence of thyroid disorders among infertile women with menstrual irregularities.Methods: It was a cross sectional study conducted at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ibn Sina Medical College, Dhaka from January to December 2016. After taking informed consent, total 160 infertile women and 100 normal fertile women volunteers were selected on OPD basis between age group of 18-45 years. Out of 160 infertile women, 100 were of primary infertility and 60 of secondary infertility. Participants were selected on the basis of detailed history, clinical examination and laboratory investigations. Detailed history of participants including age, menstrual history, obstetric history, history of any medications were taken.Results: There was a higher prevalence of hypothyroidism in the infertile women as compared to the fertile one in the study group, particularly in secondary infertility. Oligomenorrhoea was most common in infertile women. Hypothyroidism is commonly associated with ovulatory failure. Hence, assessment of serum TSH is mandatory in the work up of all infertile women, especially those presenting with menstrual irregularities. So the basic approach should be to identify those hypothyroid individuals who have greatest risk for the development of infertility.Conclusion: Long standing hypothyroidism may develop ovulatory dysfunction. So identifying and treating hypothyroidism at an earlier stage before the appearance of ovulatory dysfunction can have potentially great preventive value.Bangladesh Crit Care J March 2018; 6(1): 22-25

scholarly journals Pattern of burn injury among patients admitted in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Jharkhand

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 3056
Author(s):  
Mithelesh Kumar ◽  
Erum Yasmin ◽  
Chandramani Kumar ◽  
Vivek Kashyap
Keyword(s):  
Burn Injury ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Total Body Surface Area ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Burn Unit ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Flame Burn

Background: Burn despite being easily preventable is a critical health problem worldwide. With effective managements there is decline in burn cases in developed countries but trend is still rising in developing countries like India. This study was conducted to know the socio-demographic profile and pattern of burn injury in patients admitted in burn unit of tertiary care hospital.Methods: A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted for a period of six months using semi-structured questionnaire for data collection. The patient or accompanying person was interviewed after taking consent. Clinical assessment was done to find% of total body surface area (TBSA) involved and most severely affected body part.Results: A total of 123 patients were admitted in burn unit. Female (72.3%) predominance was found with most common age group being 21-40 years. Majority was Hindus (72.4%), residing in rural area (79.7%) and married (60.2%). Accidental burn was in 92.7%, mostly occurring at home (91%). Flame burn was common in female and electric burn in male. Burn injury mostly involved up to 30% of TBSA (44.7%) with upper limb (39%) most severely injured. Only 35% were admitted on the same day of injury. Infection (57.7%) and amputation (7.3%) were two common complications. There were 12 (9.8%) deaths during the study period.Conclusions: Most vulnerable were female with flame burn due to unsafe cooking practices. Infection was the most common complication. Death was more in those who delayed admission in hospitals.

scholarly journals Observational and cross-sectional study of prescription pattern in the pediatric out-patient department at a tertiary care center of Bihar

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-184
Author(s):  
Asha Singh ◽  
Murli Manohar
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Drug Prescription ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Prescribing Practices ◽  
Prescribing Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injection Use ◽  
The Individual

Medical therapy is the most common form of health care provided to the patients. More the practice, more the error is substantiated by the fact that medication errors are probably the most common medical error. Detailed information on these errors is the first step to prevent these errors becoming a health hazard for the individual as well as the society. To generate data on the extent of rational/irrational prescribing pattern, to review the prescribing practices.An observational study with cross sectional design Prescriptions of the patients attending the pediatric OPD were reviewed to collect required data.1200 prescriptions were reviewed that had 3384 drugs listed. The mean age was 8.3± 4.62 years with male> female. Weight of the patient was recorded in 82.8% of the prescriptions. The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.82. The range of drugs per encounter varied from zero to 5. Ailments like minor scratches or other non-organic problems were those where no drugs were prescribed. Around 50% of the drugs prescribed were in generic names. Syrups were most commonly prescribed followed by tablets and capsules. Injection use was very less. Antibiotics were widely used for treatment with 73.8% of the prescriptions had at least one antibiotic.The findings of the current study highlight the continuing crisis of the irrational drug practice in this part of the country. This will help authorities to take necessary action and formulate guidelines on proper and rational drug prescription.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Cervical Cancer among Cervical Biopsies in a Tertiary Care Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (227) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ganesh Parajuli ◽  
Pravakar Dawadi ◽  
Sabina Khadka
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Tertiary Care Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancer among the female population inNepal. The incidence and mortality rate due to cervical cancer is higher in developing countrieslike Nepal due to a lack of proper screening and early diagnosis. This study aims to find out theprevalence of cervical cancer among cervical biopsies in a tertiary care center. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the hospital records of cervicalbiopsies from the department of pathology of Shree Birendra Hospital from 1st May 2018 to 30thApril 2019. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Committee in February 2020.This study was conducted among 146 cervical biopsies by using convenience sampling method.Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and proportion forbinary data. Data were analyzed using excel 2016 software. Results: The prevalence of cervical cancer among 146 cases included in our study is found to be6 (4.11%) at 95% Confidence Interval (0.90-7.32). Among those cases of cervical cancer, 4 (66.67%)were squamous cell carcinoma, 1 (16.67%) was adenocarcinoma, and 1 (16.67%) was of other type.Maximum cases of cervical cancer were prevalent among higher age groups. Conclusions: Cervical cancer-related morbidity and mortality are different in different parts ofthe world. It’s burden is primarily seen in developing countries where there is a lack of effectivescreening programs.

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