scholarly journals Synthesis and electrical properties of silver nanoplates for electronic applications

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Xiong ◽  
Zhili Li ◽  
Hui Xie ◽  
Yuzhen Zhao ◽  
Mei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Sintering Behavior ◽  
Conductive Adhesives ◽  
Silver Nanoplates ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Silver Flakes

AbstractIn this paper, silver nanoplates of 100 to 500 nm size were synthesized by reduction of silver nitrate with N,Ndimethylformamide, using poly(vinylpyrolidone) as a surfactant and ferric chloride as a controlling agent, at 120 to 160 °C for 5 to 24 hours. The influence of the concentration of ferric chloride, the reaction temperature and reaction time on the morphology of the product has been investigated by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The results indicated that the products obtained at the low reaction temperature and short reaction time in the presence of FeCl3 in the reaction solution were in the form of silver nanoplates, whose morphology was mainly triangular and hexagonal. In addition, the size and thickness of the nanoplates increased with increasing of the FeCl3 concentration. At a high reaction temperature and long reaction time, the truncated triangle and hexagonal nanoplates were mainly produced. Furthermore, the sintering behavior of nanoplates was studied and the results showed that sintering of the silver nanoplates started at 180 °C, and a typical sintering behavior was observed at higher temperatures. The incorporation of the silver nanoplates into the polymer matrix with micro-sized silver flakes led to an increase in the matrix resistivity in almost all cases, especially at high fractions and low curing temperatures. The curing temperature had an influence on the resistivity of the conductive adhesives filled with micro-sized silver flakes and silver nanoplates due to sintering of the silver nanoplates.

Experimental Study on Combustion Reaction between Silicon and Nitrogen in Transport Bed

2013 ◽  
Vol 860-863 ◽  
pp. 1374-1377
Author(s):  
Shao Wu Yin ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Li Ge Tong ◽  
Chuan Ping Liu ◽  
Xing Long Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Combustion Reaction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Amorphous Silicon Nitride ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Scanning Electron

Combustion reaction between silicon powders and nitrogen in transport bed was studied. The reaction temperature ranged from 1523 to 1653 K, and the reaction time ranged from 0 to 2.7 min. The phase compositions, morphologies and chemical composition of the products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and O/N determinater, respectively. The experimental results showed, in the case of silicon powders with particle size of 2.2 μm, the conversion rate of silicon was 61.9% at reaction temperature of 1653 K and reaction time of 2.7min, and the products mainly comprised amorphous silicon nitride powders.

A Facile and TGA Free Hydrothermal Synthesis of SnS Nanoparticles

NANO ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1750120 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gurubhaskar ◽  
Narayana Thota ◽  
M. Raghavender ◽  
Y. P. Venkata Subbaiah ◽  
G. Hema Chandra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Dual Band ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chloride Dihydrate ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Absorber Material ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

In this paper, we employed a simple and cost-effective thioglycolic acid (TGA) free hydrothermal method, based on thiourea hydrolysis of stannous chloride dihydrate [SnCl2.2H2O] at 160[Formula: see text]C–190[Formula: see text]C for 6[Formula: see text]h, for the synthesis of SnS nanoparticles. The effect of hydrothermal autoclave reaction temperature on various properties of SnS nanoparticles have been examined at length using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy attached with EDAX (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. The results suggest that the crystallization of orthorhombic SnS nanoparticles, with size varying from 3[Formula: see text]nm to 5[Formula: see text]nm, formed at R[Formula: see text]C. Further, the formation of SnS phase was confirmed by an IR Sn-S characteristic bands around 2350[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], 1041[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 570[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], and four distinguished Raman peaks at 95[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], 160[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text], 189[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 220[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text]. The mechanism for the formation of SnS nanoparticles have been proposed and discussed. The SnS nanoparticles have exhibited reaction temperature dependent morphological features like nanoflowers, nanoflakes, spherical nanoparticles and nanogranules. The absorbance studies indicated both strong direct and weak indirect allowed transitions for SnS nanoparticles and the associated band gaps were found to be 1.5[Formula: see text]eV and 1.19[Formula: see text]eV, respectively. The dual band gap combination of SnS would favor strong direct absorption of carriers and improved minority carrier life time due to indirect nature, which means the grown particles are suitable for ideal absorber material for solar cell applications.

Synthesis and Tribological Properties of TiSe2 Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 34-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Shi ◽  
Jing Xu ◽  
Li Feng Dang ◽  
Jun Chen ◽  
Guo Gang Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Base Oil ◽  
Transmission Electron

TiSe2 nanobelts/nanoplates have been successfully fabricated through a facile and environment-friendly pressureless sintered process using micro-sized Ti and Se elements as raw materials. The morphology and structure of the as-prepared TiSe2 products were investigated by X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The experimental results indicated that the morphology of TiSe2 products were strongly dependent on the reaction temperature and reaction time. As the reaction temperature was set at 600°C and 800°C, long belts-like and plates-like structures of as-prepared TiSe2 products could be observed, respectively. However, a mixture of nanobelts and nanoplates could be obtained at a reaction temperature of 700°C. It was also found that the reaction time played a crucial role in obtaining the homogeneous distribution nanoparticles, therefore, reasonable reaction process and formation mechanisms of as-prepared TiSe2 nanoparticles were proposed. Moreover, the tribological properties of the TiSe2 nanobelts/nanoplates were investigated. The test results showed that the addition of TiSe2 nanoparticles could improve the tribological properties of base oil. Furthermore, the friction coefficient of base oil containing TiSe2 nanoplates was lower and more stable than those of TiSe2 nanobelts and pure base oil.

Study of the preparation and properties of CeO2single/multiwall hollow microspheres

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1472-1478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youjin Zhang ◽  
Tao Cheng ◽  
Qixiu Hu ◽  
Zhiyong Fang ◽  
Kaidong Han
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Hollow Microspheres ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Absorption Edges

Novel slight yellow CeO2single/multiwall hollow microspheres were synthesized by the hydrothermal method without any surfactant and characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and x-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). The results showed that the products were CeO2single/multiwall hollow microspheres, the shells of which were composed of CeO2nanoparticles with a mean size of 70 nm. The effect of the preparation conditions, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, and the molar ratios of urea to Ce(NO3)3·6H2O on the morphology of the products, was investigated. The optimal preparation conditions are determined as follows: the reaction temperature of 230 °C, the reaction time of 6 to 10 h, and the molar ratios of urea to Ce(NO3)3·6H2O of 3:1 to 6:1. The formation mechanism of CeO2single/multiwall hollow microspheres was proposed. The ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) diffuse reflectance spectra of the samples were measured. The results showed that the absorption edges of the samples were red-shifted compared with that of bulk CeO2, and that the red-shift of the absorption edges and the yellow of the samples enhanced with increasing the yield of CeO2single/multiwall hollow microspheres. The catalytic activity and the recycling performance of the sample on CO oxidation were tested and theT100%(the temperature at which CO 100% conversion) was 230 °C in the first run and decreased by 270 and 205 °C compared with that of bulk CeO2and CeO2nanocrystal, respectively.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Synthesis and Preliminary Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Hesperidin

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anish Stephen ◽  
Sankar Seethalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy

This paper is the first of its kind for development of rapid and ecofriendly method for synthesis of silver nanoparticles from aqueous solution of silver nitrate using the flavonoid “hesperidin” and optimization of the methodology. There is formation of stable spherical silver nanoparticles in the size range of 20–40 nm. Optimization of methodology in terms of concentration of reactants and pH of the reaction mixture reduced the reaction time for silver nanoparticle formation to 2 mins. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV-vis spectroscopy derived spectrum demonstrated a peak of 430 nm which corresponds to the plasmon absorbance of silver nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy revealed spherical shaped silver nanoparticles in the size range of 20–40 nm.

Influence of micro additives on printing and electric parameters of conductive adhesives for printing electronic applications

Circuit World ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Sitek ◽  
Marek Koscielski
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Conductive Adhesives ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Adhesive Compositions ◽  
Powder Addition ◽  
Electric Parameters ◽  
Silver Flakes ◽  
C 50

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of different micro additives to new compositions of electrically conductive adhesives (ECA) on their printing properties as well as electric parameters expressed in resistivity of joints cured in low temperatures and obtain recommendations for elaboration of ECA appropriate for printing electronic applications. Design/methodology/approach – The three different types of silver flakes and two types of micro powders were added to basic matrix of ECA to create ECA composition for investigation. The ECA were printed via stencil on elastic substrate creating the special designed samples which next were cured in 25°C, 50°C or 80°C. The SEM with EDS analysis was utilized for assessment of shapes and sizes of the input materials for ECA. The microscopic observation and resistivity measurements of samples by four-probe method were used for assessment of the influence of ECA compositions on prints quality as well as on electric parameters of adhesives joints. Findings – The results show that the quality of the prints made with the use of elaborated adhesive compositions is related mainly with the amount and type of filler used in ECA. The electrical properties of joints were dependent from type of silver flakes and amount of micro-additives as well as curing temperature. Research limitations/implications – It is suggested that further studies are necessary for the confirmation of the practical application, especially of the mechanical and reliability properties of the joints obtained with the use of final composition of the elaborated ECA. Originality/value – The presented results of analyses provide information regarding the correlation between the composition of ECA, properties of elements creating them and the results of printing and electric parameters of joints produced of them. It showed positive impact of small carbon micro powder addition both on printing results and resistivity of joints. It pointed out also that the purity of silver components of ECA influences significantly on resistivity of ECA's joints. It is valuable information for ECA's designers as well as end-users, from the practical point of view.

Preparing and Application of Polymerized Aluminum-Ferrum Chloride

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1956-1960
Author(s):  
Gui Lin Lu ◽  
Hai Yan Yu ◽  
Shi Wen Bi
Keyword(s):  
Iron Oxide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
New Method ◽  
Reaction Processes ◽  
The Way

Put forward a new method to prepare polyaluminium ferric chloride (PAFC). Discuss the effect of starting materials, reaction processes on the leaching ratios of alumina and iron oxide. Application properties were tested. The results showed that both diasporic bauxite and the red mud from gibbsite (RMG) do not need to be baked. In the case of diasporic bauxite, the leaching ratios of alumina and iron oxide reach 4.15% and 78.32% respectively under the conditions that the concentration of hydrochloric acid is 6mol/L, the reaction time is 60 minutes, the reaction temperature is about 109°C, and the way of extracting is two-step extracting. In the case of RMG, the leaching ratios of alumina and iron oxide reach 89.00% and 98.39% respectively under the same conditions. Diasporic bauxite is not a suitable raw material for PAFC synthesizing. The PAFC prepared from RMG was used to treat active black KN-B dye-containing wastewater and the Kaolin-containing wastewater. The maximum depollution ratio is 98.0% and 97.0 % respectively.

Application of PFSC in Seawater Desalination Pretreatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 3510-3513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Cheng ◽  
Si Cheng ◽  
Xiao Fan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Condition ◽  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Turbidity Removal ◽  
Molar Ratios

The optimal condition of polysilicon ferric chloride (PFSC) flocculant was established by thinking of the factors , such as Si/Fe molar ratios,the reaction temperature and the pH value of the solution. When the molar ratio of Si and Fe = 1, pH value = 0.6, curing temperature at 30 ~40 °C, poly ferric chloride dosage of 0.75mg/L, the rate of turbidity removal of seawater is up to 96.5%. Experimental results show that poly ferric chloride seawater turbidity removal effect is obvious.

Research on the Controllable Preparation of Silver Nanowires in Conductive Adhesives

2014 ◽  
Vol 1004-1005 ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Da Peng Sheng ◽  
Zhao Zhen Wei ◽  
Guo Hui Li ◽  
Yong Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Conductive Particle ◽  
Conductive Adhesives ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Controllable Preparation

One dimensional nanomaterials are used as the basic and significant parts to fabricate nanodevices. Silver nanowire is a promising conductive particle, which can be used in conductive adhensives. The research is about the effects of the control agents, reaction temperature, and reaction time on the morphology and size of the product. And figure out an effective way to control the nucleation and the morphology of silver nanowires.

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