scholarly journals Media Use in Estonia

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peeter Vihalemm
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Political Order ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Postcommunist Transformation

Abstract The article gives an overview of general trends in media use in Estonia over the last 15 years, making some comparisons with Nordic countries. Since the beginning of postcommunist transformation in 1991, the media landscape in Estonia has faced substantial changes. A completely renewed media system has emerged, characterized by a diversity of channels, formats, and contents. Not only the media themselves, but also the patterns of media use among audiences, their habits and expectations, have gone through a process of radical change. Changes in the Estonian media landscape have some aspects in common with many other European countries, such as the impact of emerging new media and global TV; others are specific features of transition to a market economy and democratic political order. Besides discussing general trends, the article gives insights into some audience- related aspects of changes, more specifically age and ethnicity.

scholarly journals Atrocity Prevention in the New Media Landscape

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 262-266
Author(s):  
Rebecca Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Radical Change ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Foreign Correspondents ◽  
Civilian Protection ◽  
The Past ◽  
Legal Obligations ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

Journalists have traditionally played a crucial role in building public pressure on government officials to uphold their legal obligations under the 1948 UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide. But over the past twenty years there has been radical change in the media landscape: foreign bureaus have been shuttered, young freelance journalists have taken over some of the work traditionally done by experienced foreign correspondents, and, more recently, the advent of social media has enabled people in conflict-affected areas to tell their own stories to the world. This essay assesses the impact of these changes on atrocity prevention across the different stages of the policy process. It concludes that the new media landscape is comparatively poorly equipped to raise an early warning alarm in a way that will spur preventive action, but that it is well-positioned to sustain attention to ongoing atrocities. Unfortunately, such later stages of a crisis generally provide the most limited policy options for civilian protection.

The Politics of Media in Turkey: Chronicle of a Stillborn Media System

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarphan Uzunoğlu
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Media Industry ◽  
Media System ◽  
System P ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Critical Overview

This chapter analyzes the politics of media in Turkey and the formation of Turkey’s so-called new media order characterized by polarization, corporatization, widespread censorship, and lack of journalistic independence. It argues that Turkey’s ongoing media crisis arose due to structural transformations starting from the early 1980s and becoming more accelerated and visible under the rule of the Justice and Development Party (AKP). The chapter discusses Turkey’s media crisis in three steps. Firstly, it contextualizes Turkey’s traditional media system within globally recognized media systems and provides a historical understanding of the impact of political elites and the government on the media industry. Secondly, it discusses shifts in media consumption habits and media ownership structure under AKP rule and shows how these shifts served the party’s political agenda. Finally, it offers a critical overview of several existing prescriptive approaches to Turkey’s media crisis and argues that techno-determinist and overgeneralizing approaches are incompatible with Turkey’s social reality.

Media ‘à la carte’?

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frieda Saeys ◽  
Ilse Devroe
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Media Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The Media ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
A La Carte

Media ‘à la carte’? The Media Consumption of Turkish and Moroccan adolescents in Flanders Media ‘à la carte’? The Media Consumption of Turkish and Moroccan adolescents in Flanders Media have an important impact on the day to day reality of adolescents. They often combine a variety of media sources and use traditional and new media simultaneously. Adolescents today are genuin media multi-taskers. We can only but assume there is no difference in that respect for adolescents from an ethnic minority group. However, the main question of this study is whether there exists a difference in the media use of Flemish and Turkish/Moroccan adolescents, of which the latter are moving between two cultures. This study focuses on the way Turkish/Moroccan adolescents in Flanders use traditional and new media in their every day life and what the impact is of socio demographic factors and their ethnic and cultural orientation such as language, religion and ethnic/cultural identity on that media use. By means of a survey we got an overview of the media that Turkish and Moroccan adolescents own as well as on how they use it. What is the role of media in their lives, how do they use it and what are their expectations? The results of a control group of Flemish adolescents are used as a benchmark.

scholarly journals “As quiet as a mouse”: Media use in Azerbaijan

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (s1) ◽  
pp. 893-911
Author(s):  
Ilgar Seyidov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Supportive Role ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One

AbstractDuring the Soviet period, the media served as one of the main propagandist tools of the authoritarian regime, using a standardized and monotype media system across the Soviet Republics. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, 15 countries became independent. The transition from Soviet communism to capitalism has led to the reconstruction of economic, socio-cultural, and political systems. One of the most affected institutions in post-Soviet countries was the media. Media have played a supportive role during rough times, when there was, on the one hand, the struggle for liberation and sovereignty, and, on the other hand, the need for nation building. It has been almost 30 years since the Soviet Republics achieved independence, yet the media have not been freed from political control and continue to serve as ideological apparatuses of authoritarian regimes in post-Soviet countries. Freedom of speech and independent media are still under threat. The current study focuses on media use in Azerbaijan, one of the under-researched post-Soviet countries. The interviews for this study were conducted with 40 participants living in Nakhichevan and Baku. In-depth, semi-structured interview techniques were used as research method. Findings are discussed under six main themes in the conclusion.

The Impact of Social Stereotypes on the Integration Process of Arab Immigrants in European Countries

Diogenes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Stoyanova-Encheva ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
European Society ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Integration Process ◽  
Social Stereotypes ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
Arab Immigrants ◽  
Sensitive Issue ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Impact

The manifestation of stereotypes, prejudices and discrimination on ethnic, religious and/or gender grounds is an extremely sensitive issue in contemporary European society. It influences the perception of Arab immigrants in intergroup and interpersonal relationships in many European countries. Furthermore, the lack of awareness campaigns in the media and the existing ineffective policies lead to stigmatization of an entire homogeneous group of the population, hindering the processes of integration and socialization.

The Media Agenda

2019 ◽  
pp. 271-281
Author(s):  
Rens Vliegenthart ◽  
Stefaan Walgrave
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
International Context ◽  
Vast Amount ◽  
Media Agenda ◽  
The Media ◽  
Western European ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Studies

This chapter discusses what role the media agenda has played in (comparative) agenda research. Studies into the characteristics of the media agenda demonstrate that, compared to other agendas, the media agenda is characterized by high levels of responsiveness and volatility and that various outlets that jointly constitute the agenda strongly influence each other. In recent years, a vast amount of research has considered the impact of the media agenda on the parliamentary agenda (political agenda-setting) and how the size of this impact depends on a wide variety of contingent factors. Our empirical example uncovers considerable overlap in media agendas across various Western European countries, reflecting the importance of the international context in the construction of news.

Beyond the Phantom Public

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony M. Nadler
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Media Studies ◽  
News Media ◽  
Interactive Media ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
Media System ◽  
Critical Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
To Come ◽  
Point To Point

This concluding chapter discusses the intellectual resources of critical media studies and applies them to debates about the future of news. The changes taking place in news media concern not only content but the very modes through which people engage the media in everyday life, as well as the ways media connect individuals to larger communities. Although interactive media is not inherently destined to level hierarchies of power, it is certainly possible that societal appropriations of new media technologies could mean a reworking of the infrastructure that regulates which ideas and visions circulate from point to point in the media system. The issue lies in how crucial decisions at this critical juncture will be made and what course they will set for the years to come.

From Afghanistan to Chechnya: News Coverage by Izvestia and the New York Times

2000 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V. Malinkina ◽  
Douglas M. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
The New York Times ◽  
Media System ◽  
Russian Media ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Impact

This study analyzed newspaper coverage of conflicts in Afghanistan and Chechnya by the New York Times and the Russian newspaper Izvestia to examine the impact of political change on news coverage. The Soviet Union's dissolution included dramatic changes to the Russian media system. In addition, the dissipation of the Cold War changed the foreign policy of the United States. A content analysis revealed that the changes to the media system in Russia had a profound impact on Izvestia's coverage, but political changes had little impact on the New York Times' coverage.

scholarly journals Evolution of Information Systems Starting from Bloomberg and Dow Jones

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 758-769
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Pomerantseva
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
New Media ◽  
Media Messages ◽  
News Agency ◽  
Systemic Analysis ◽  
Media System ◽  
Aggregate Information ◽  
Other Information ◽  
The Media ◽  
Professional Information

This article aims to give an overview and describe a new structure in the media system, namely, closed information systems (CIS). These include various data bases used for performing professional tasks in relation to media and information in business and public administration. CISs may be categorized as new media and hypermedia. Since CISs can aggregate information and media messages, they work simultaneously in both media and information markets. The key task of the study is to analyze the history and prerequisites of CIS emergence, starting from the first one, that of news agency Reuters. We made a systemic analysis of the content terminal Bloomberg of Bloomberg news agency, and the multimedia library Factiva of Dow Jones, which helped to identify their key typological features and target audience. One of their functions is being a blueprint of a professional eco-system. Other information systems with similar functions are studied and analyzed, namely, LexisNexis, a multimedia library of legal papers and mass media archives, and a business directory Dun&Bradstreet, as well as their functions, content, and professional utilization. The article also describes the work of data base publishers and brokers in the market. The author contrasts professional information systems called CIS with the open-access system Internet by their common functions, and points out some key differences in selecting, classifying and verifying content.

scholarly journals Mediatized participation in European media systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-165
Author(s):  
Zrinjka Peruško ◽  
Dina Vozab
Keyword(s):  
Digital Media ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Media System ◽  
Consumption Practices ◽  
The Media ◽  
Extensive Information ◽  
Media Systems ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cross National

This article explores patterns of mediatized participation of European citizens and the way they differ across different media systems, in a multilevel, cross-national comparative research design. Mediatized participation is operationalized as audience practices on the Internet. The media system is conceptualized through the theoretical model of digital mediascapes, which applied to 22 European Union countries produced three clusters/media systems. The audience data are from representative online surveys in 8 eastern and western European countries N = 9532 collected by the authors and their research partners. Factor and cluster analyses were performed showing types and patterns of mediatized participation. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis and ANOVA were performed to relate the individual level variables to the macro-level clusters of digital media systems. The article shows audiences in the more mediatized, Western cluster are more engaged in participatory practices in comparison to audiences in the Eastern/Southern cluster of European countries which show more extensive information consumption practices.

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