scholarly journals Tradition in Transition: Technology and Change in Archaeological Visualisation Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1685-1708
Author(s):  
Loes Opgenhaffen
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Ceramic Production ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technology Changes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Underlying Processes

Abstract Archaeologists are the mediators between fragmented, and often contested, pasts and the momentary present. To record, organise, interpret, and reconstruct complex narratives of the past and to communicate these to present-day peers and the public, they use a wide range of visualisation methods. As such, visualisation methods form an intrinsic part of the representation of practical and intellectual findings, being crucial to knowledge production in archaeology. The adoption and adaptation of digital visualisation technology changes the way archaeologists shape new knowledge. However, for a discipline that is particularly concerned with how technology had an effect on past societies, for example, the impact of the potter’s wheel on local ceramic production strategies, archaeologists have a remarkably limited awareness of how current (digital) technology has an impact on their own visualisation practice and the subsequent knowledge production. This study presents the conceptual framework “tradition in transition,” which integrates technological and visualisation methodologies, and aims to provide a framework to analyse the underlying processes and mechanisms that shape and change the practice of creating visualisations.

History and Morality

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald Bloxham
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Country ◽  
Moral Thought ◽  
Majority Opinion ◽  
The Past ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Moral Judgements ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
The Impact

Against majority opinion within his profession, Donald Bloxham argues that it is legitimate, often unavoidable, and frequently important for historians to make value judgements about the past. History and Morality draws on a wide range of historical examples, and its author’s insights as a practising historian. Examining concepts like impartiality, neutrality, contextualization, and the use and abuse of the idea of the past as a foreign country, Bloxham’s book investigates how the discipline has got to the point where what is preached can be so inconsistent with what is practised. It illuminates how far tacit moral judgements infuse works of history, and how strange those histories would look if the judgements were removed. Bloxham argues that rather than trying to eradicate all judgemental elements from their work historians need to think more consistently about how, and with what justification, they make the judgements that they do. The importance of all this lies not just in the responsibilities that historians bear towards the past—responsibilities to take historical actors on those actors’ own terms and to portray the impact of those actors’ deeds—but also in the role of history as a source of identity, pride, and shame in the present. The account of moral thought in History and Morality has ramifications far beyond the activities of vocational historians.

scholarly journals Information Technology and Banking Sector With Reference to Customer Satisfaction

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
K J Raman ◽  
A Marcus
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Banks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Development ◽  
Chennai City ◽  
The Impact

Raman and Marcus (2007) have studied the impact of Automation in Public sector Banks as per the reflections of bank customers and bank officials belong to Chennai region. Marcus (2006) studied the public sector banks with special reference to selected branches in Chennai city and the perception of customers due to inception of Information Technology in the banking sector. Customers vary in their perception on information technology. In reality, customers are not against for automation and IT inception. The main concern for them is the delay in transaction due to technical snag and the increased cost of operation due to automation. Most of the customers have accounts in the private sector banks and they are well informed about the new development and up gradation that is happening in those banks. The customers believe that crores of money is being spent by the banks in the name of developing software, training the staff in IT and in providing better ambience to keep abreast with the private banks, but the ultimate outcome of which is not noteworthy.The present study is based on the reflections of 674 bank customers of the public sector banks who have various types of bank accounts in the branches of Chennai city. Branches of public sector banks in Chennai city, consisting of 19 nationalized banks and State Bank of India with its 7 Associates were covered in the process. A wide range of customers through various domains of banking operations have been studied to identify their overall perception.

scholarly journals Perfectly Boring? The Public Afterlife of Private Films

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rosina Hickman
Keyword(s):  
Original Form ◽  
Online Video ◽  
The Public ◽  
Video Sharing ◽  
The Past ◽  
Home Movies ◽  
Widespread Belief ◽  
Image Archives ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Exhibition Strategies

<p>Home movies are now viewed in a variety of public contexts, a shift that entails a loss of their original meanings. In order to consider the impact of exhibiting these private documents, this thesis analyses the use of home movies within recycled footage productions, archival curation and online video-sharing. Investigating a variety of formal and informal screening contexts through close readings and archival research, it asks: what meanings do home movies acquire in new contexts? How might the reuse of home movies affect our understandings of their production and the past they portray? Does a perception that home movies could appear boring influence how they are framed or altered for public audiences?  Due to their form and content, home movies may seem ill-suited to public exhibition. Popular discourses about home movies during their heyday of production reveal a widespread belief that they were boring (for outsiders) to watch. While recent literature has assessed home movies more favourably, it has tended to overlook their potential to bore viewers who have no personal relationship to them. Drawing upon theories of boredom, this study argues meaningfulness is the principal factor determining whether a viewer finds a particular film interesting or boring. In their original form, home movies may appear relatively meaningless and therefore boring to public audiences. Recycled footage films re-edit images, however, to create engaging viewing experiences through narrative and affect. While more experimental productions frequently question the evidential value of home movie images, television documentaries tend to encourage audiences to perceive footage as authentic or nostalgic. Narrative and affect also feature in the exhibition strategies of moving image archives. Curated public programmes provide informative and enjoyable viewing for general audiences, but almost inevitably promote certain understandings of the past by offering specific interpretations of selected films. Moreover, the affective appeal of home movie images may outweigh other forms of meaning for viewers, particularly in community or participatory screening contexts. Online video-sharing platforms such as YouTube, which are curated by algorithms rather than human expertise, feature numerous home movies without any kind of framing or description. While this might seem profoundly boring, viewer comments suggest meaninglessness can foster imaginative and empathetic responses to home movies, often expressed as nostalgic longing. This propensity of home movie footage within different screening contexts to encourage nostalgic sentiments, or a belief that life was better in the past, has implications for collective memory and understandings of history. Moreover, the ability of at least some viewers to enjoy home movies in relatively contextless spaces suggests that in certain instances qualities associated with boredom may not be a significant impediment to meaningful experience after all.</p>

scholarly journals Some patterns and social impacts of external migration on a below-replacement population: Denmark by the turn of the millennium

1996 ◽  
pp. 136-149
Author(s):  
Hans O Hansen ◽  
Paul S. Maxim
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Turn Of The Millennium ◽  
Differential Fertility ◽  
The Past ◽  
Naturalized Citizens ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Impact ◽  
External Migration

As with many other nations in Europe, Denmark has experienced below-replacement fertility over the past three decades. The impact on population growth of the recent fertility decline to a large extent has been offset by a positive net balance of external migration. To provide a factual basis for a wide range of policy issues and social and cultural impacts we start by studying external migration, differential fertility, naturalization of foreign nationals, and population growth in the framework of multidimensional life models. Migrants and naturalized citizens tend to have reproductive behavior and sex/age profiles that differ significantly from those of the remaining population. To study some concerted demographic and social impacts of such differentials, we construct a number of midterm projections based on existing and expected development of fertility, mortality, and migration.

Early Tudor Poetry: Courtliness and Print

2019 ◽  
pp. 257-284
Author(s):  
Derek Attridge
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Henry Viii ◽  
English Poetry ◽  
Public Performance ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Late Fifteenth ◽  
The Impact

After noting the evidence for the public performance of poetry in Continental Europe, this chapter turns to the impact of print on English poetry: from the late fifteenth century, the printers Caxton and de Worde gave readers a new way to experience poems. At the court of Henry VIII, Skelton exploited both manuscript and print. The Devonshire manuscript, which circulated around Henry’s courtiers, is discussed, as is Tottel’s 1557 Songes and Sonettes, whose cachet lay partly in its making the private poetry of the elite available to a large public. Another popular collection was A Mirror for Magistrates, in which a gathering of poets impersonating famous tragic victims of the past was staged. Although there were signs of a suppler use of metre, the 1560s and 1570s were characterized by highly regular verse. The most skilled poet of this period, Gascoigne, was also responsible for a pathbreaking treatise on poetry.

scholarly journals The Public Health Implications of Brexit: A Health Impact Assessment Approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Green
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Public Bodies

Abstract On March 29th 2019, the United Kingdom (UK) was due to exit the EU in a process known informally as ’Brexit’. This exit and entry into a 2-year transition is a period of unprecedented political and social upheaval - with many unknowns and much uncertainty attached to the outcomes and future impact. In preparation for Brexit, Public Health Wales commissioned the Wales HIA Support Unit to carry out a health impact assessment of Brexit in Wales to support and inform its and other public bodies planning and future work. This paper examines the unique HIA carried out between July and December 2018 on the impact of the UK withdrawal from the EU in Wales. It discusses the robust, participatory process undertaken, the stakeholders involved and the benefits reaped from this. It highlights the evidence gathered and analysed including the collection methods, the complex nature of the work and disseminates the main findings from the HIA including the potential determinants of health and population groups identified. Finally, it describes the challenges faced, how these were overcome, and the huge benefits, impact and influence it has had to date across a wide range of UK and Welsh organisations and public bodies. This work demonstrates continued leadership in the field of impact assessment and spearheads the requirement for public bodies to carry out HIAs as part of the forthcoming statutory requirements of the Public Health (Wales) Act 2017 an can inform practice at a global level. Key messages HIA can inform and influence action in response to important strategic decisions. The Brexit HIA is a unique example which can inform international HIA practice.

scholarly journals From Nursery to Nursing Home: Emerging Concepts in Clostridioides difficile Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander B. Smith ◽  
Joshua Soto Ocana ◽  
Joseph P. Zackular
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Drugs ◽  
Human Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Past ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pediatric Populations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Shed Light

ABSTRACT Clostridioides difficile is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, anaerobic bacterium that infects the human gastrointestinal tract, causing a wide range of disorders that vary in severity from mild diarrhea to toxic megacolon and/or death. Over the past decade, incidence, severity, and costs associated with C. difficile infection (CDI) have increased dramatically in both the pediatric and adult populations. The factors driving this rapidly evolving epidemiology remain largely unknown but are likely due in part to previously unappreciated host, microbiota, and environmental factors. In this review, we will cover the risks and challenges of CDI in adult and pediatric populations and examine asymptomatic colonization in infants. We will also discuss the emerging role of diet, pharmaceutical drugs, and pathogen-microbiota interactions in C. difficile pathogenesis, as well as the impact of host-microbiota interactions in the manifestation of C. difficile-associated disease. Finally, we highlight new areas of research and novel strategies that may shed light on this complex infection and provide insights into the future of microbiota-based therapeutics for CDI.

Political Parties and Public Participation in Constitution Making: Legitimation, Distraction, or Real Influence?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Hudson
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Public Participation ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Party Strength ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Constitution Making

Over the past three decades, participatory methods of constitution making have gained increasing acceptance and are now an indispensable part of any constitution-making process. Despite this, we know little about how much public participation actually affects the constitution. This article investigates the impact of participation in two groundbreaking cases: Brazil (1988) and South Africa (1996). This analysis demonstrates that public participation has relatively small effects on the text, but that it varies in systematic ways. The theory advanced here posits that party strength (especially in terms of discipline and programmatic commitments) is the key determinant of the effectiveness of public participation. Strong parties may be more effective in many ways, but they are less likely to act on input from the public in constitution-making processes.

scholarly journals РОЗВИТОК ТУРИЗМУ ЯК ОДИН ІЗ ПЕРСПЕКТИВНИХ НАПРЯМІВ ПОДОЛАННЯ МАКРОЕКОНОМІЧНИХ ПРОБЛЕМ КРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЇ СУСПІЛЬСТВА

2014 ◽  
pp. 140-143
Author(s):  
І. І. Шупик
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Обґрунтована важливість туристичної галузі якодного з перспективних напрямів вирішення широкогокола макроекономічних проблем у період трансфор-мації суспільства, що дозволить стабілізувати соці-ально-економічну ситуацію у країні й поліпшити які-сні характеристики життя населення. Визначеніпровідні напрями впливу туристичної діяльності нарозвиток країни та причини, що їх обумовлюють.Наголошується, що досягнення поставлених цілейбуде можливим лише за умови послідовних і відпові-дальних дій влади, її постійної взаємодії з громадські-стю, бізнесом. Proved the importance of the tourism industry as one of the promising directions of solving a wide range of macroeconomic problems in the period of transformation of society, which will allow stabilizujace socio - economic situation in the country and to improve the quality characteristics of living. Defined major directions of the impact of tourism activities on socio-economic development of the country and the reasons for their cause. Emphasized that the achievement of goals is possible only if a consistent and responsible actions of the government, its constant interaction with the public, business.

scholarly journals Mobilizing Data from Taxonomic Literature for an Iconic Species (Dinosauria, Theropoda, Tyrannosaurus rex)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Miller ◽  
Yanell Braumuller ◽  
Puneet Kishor ◽  
David Shorthouse ◽  
Mariya Dimitrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ◽  
Museum Exhibits ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biodiversity Knowledge ◽  
Informatics Infrastructure ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biodiversity Information ◽  
Occurrence Records

A vast amount of biodiversity data is reported in the primary taxonomic literature. In the past, we have demonstrated the use of semantic enhancement to extract data from taxonomic literature and make it available to a network of databases (Miller et al. 2015). For technical reasons, semantic enhancement of taxonomic literature is most efficient when customized according to the format of a particular journal. This journal-based approach captures and disseminates data on whatever taxa happen to be published therein. But if we want to extract all treatments on a particular taxon of interest, these are likely to be spread across multiple journals. Fortunately, the GoldenGATE Imagine document editor (Sautter 2019) is flexible enough to parse most taxonomic literature. Tyrannosaurus rex is an iconic dinosaur with broad public appeal, as well as the subject of more than a century of scholarship. The Naturalis Biodiversity Center recently acquired a specimen that has become a major attraction in the public exhibit space. For most species on earth, the primary taxonomic literature contains nearly everything that is known about it. Every described species on earth is the subject of one or more taxonomic treatments. A taxon-based approach to semantic enhancement can mobilize all this knowledge using the network of databases and resources that comprise the modern biodiversity informatics infrastructure. When a particular species is of special interest, a taxon-based approach to semantic enhancement can be a powerful tool for scholarship and communication. In light of this, we resolved to semantically enhance all taxonomic treatments on T. rex. Our objective was to make these treatments and associated data available for the broad range of stakeholders who might have an interest in this animal, including professional paleontologists, the curious public, and museum exhibits and public communications personnel. Among the routine parsing and data sharing activities in the Plazi workflow (Agosti and Egloff 2009), taxonomic treatments, as well as cited figures, are deposited in the Biodiversity Literature Repository (BLR), and occurrence records are shared with the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF). Treatment citations were enhanced with hyperlinks to the cited treatment on TreatmentBank, and specimen citations were linked to their entries on public facing collections databases. We used the OpenBiodiv biodiversity knowledge graph (Senderov et al. 2017) to discover other taxa mentioned together with T. rex, and to create a timeline of T. rex research to evaluate the impact of individual researchers and specimen repositories to T. rex research. We contributed treatment links to WikiData, and queried WikiData to discover identifiers to different platforms holding data about T. rex. We used bloodhound-tracker.net to disambiguate human agents, like collectors, identifiers, and authors. We evaluate the adequacy of the fields currently available to extract data from taxonomic treatments, and make recommendations for future standards.

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