Physical activity of elderly people

Physiotherapy ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iuliia Pavlova ◽  
Lyubomyr Vovkanych ◽  
Bogdan Vynogradskyi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Activity ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Body Organ ◽  
Optimal Intensity ◽  
Pathological Disease

AbstractThe aging is attended with changes in different physiological systems and body organ. This is the cause of worsening of movement activity for old adults. The review of age-related changes, their impact on human body functioning and development of activities strategies for seniors’ health preservation was the aim of the paper. The scientific literature review showed that the decreasing of functional possibilities is the cause of working capacity and social activity limitations. Physical activity is one of the methods for improving of fitness. It was proposed to choose physical exercises according to biological age of elderly person, their aging profile, the presence of disease and physical activity level. Optimal intensity and character of exercise were established for the old adults with and without chronic pathological disease. The feeling of well-being or heart rate indexes can be used for control by physical training.

scholarly journals Associations between Pet Ownership and Frailty: A Systematic Review

Geriatrics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Gotaro Kojima ◽  
Reijiro Aoyama ◽  
Yu Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Pet Ownership ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Frailty is defined as a state of increased vulnerability due to age-related decline in reserve and function across multiple physiological systems. Increasing physical activity level is considered to be a measure to counteract frailty. Some studies have indicated that pet owners are more engaged in physical activity than non-owners. We conducted a systematic review regarding associations between pet ownerships and frailty among community-dwelling older adults and critically assessed the findings. PubMed was searched in April 2020 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines for cross-sectional or prospective studies examining associations between pet ownership and frailty in community-dwelling older adults with a mean age of 60 or above. A supplementary search was done using Google Scholar. Identified articles were reviewed by two investigators independently and assessed for methodological quality. The search identified 48 studies, among which three studies (two cross-sectional and one prospective) were included in this review. These studies suggested that pet ownership may be associated with a lower risk of frailty. This systematic review found only a limited amount of relevant research. More research is needed to establish the link between pet ownership and frailty as well as healthy aging and well-being.

The Relations Between Physical Activity Level, Executive Function, and White Matter Microstructure in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Gogniat ◽  
Catherine M. Mewborn ◽  
Talia L. Robinson ◽  
Kharine R. Jean ◽  
L. Stephen Miller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Age Related

The population of older adults is increasing, indicating a need to examine factors that may prevent or mitigate age-related cognitive decline. The current study examined whether microstructural white matter characteristics mediated the relation between physical activity and executive function in older adults without any self-reported psychiatric and neurological disorders or cognitive impairment (N = 43, mean age = 73 y). Physical activity was measured by average intensity and number of steps via accelerometry. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to examine microstructural white matter characteristics, and neuropsychological testing was used to examine executive functioning. Parallel mediation models were analyzed using microstructural white matter regions of interest as mediators of the association between physical activity and executive function. Results indicated that average steps was significantly related to executive function (β = 0.0003, t = 2.829, P = .007), while moderate to vigorous physical activity was not (β = 0.0007, t = 1.772, P = .08). White matter metrics did not mediate any associations. This suggests that microstructural white matter characteristics alone may not be the mechanism by which physical activity impacts executive function in aging.

scholarly journals The traditional Chinese Baduanjin exercise for the enhancements in health of older adults: a narrative review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fung Kei Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Bone Diseases ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Successful Ageing ◽  
Effective Measure ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Practical Implications

Health debilitation negatively impacts the physical and psychiatric states of ageing persons, consequently increasing individual, familial, and social burdens. Physical exercise is an effective measure to cope with this problem, and Baduanjin, a traditional Chinese exercise, is one of the choices. This narrative review analyses 58 clinical studies, which indicate the efficacy of Baduanjin for the health of old adults, including in physiological refinement, bone diseases, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary illnesses, metabolic disorders, digestive sicknesses, cognitive impairment, and mental disorders. The results not only reveal the rehabilitative and preventive functions of Baduanjin, but also suggest health promotion through this physical activity for the ageing population. It also proposes improvements in methodological design and practical implications for the well being of seniors and successful ageing.

Age-related lymphoma patient experience: Results from the Lymphoma Coalition 2018 Global Patient Survey.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e20071-e20071
Author(s):  
Raul Cordoba ◽  
Natacha Bolanos ◽  
Lorna Warwick ◽  
Natalie Dren
Keyword(s):  
Patient Experience ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Patient Survey ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Lymphoma Patient ◽  
Medical Issues ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Patient Reported

e20071 Background: Over the past two decades, the incidence of lymphoma has increased by 8-10% per year in older adults. Despite the growing population of older cancer patients, there are a limited number of studies that focus on the experience of these patients. Lymphoma Coalition (LC) saw the need in the 2019 Report Card on Lymphomas to examine the age-related lymphoma patient experience. The objectives of this study were to identify: 1) informational needs and understanding levels, 2) physical conditions and medical issues, 3) psychosocial issues, and 4) barriers in patient-doctor communication. Methods: Using a subset of data from the LC 2018 Global Patient Survey on Lymphomas and CLL (LC 2018 GPS), this study will specifically examine the experiences of newly diagnosed lymphoma patients within the following age categories: 1) Young (18-59) (n = 1473); Mid (60-69) (n = 371); Old (70+) (n = 162). Results: From January to March 2018, 2,006 participants were included in this analysis from 47 countries. The majority of all three patient groups wanted additional medical information beyond what was provided at their diagnosis meeting with the doctor, with the greatest need for information in the young patient group (73%). The highest proportion of poor understanding was reported by the mid-age group (14%) and the highest proportion of very good understanding was reported by the old age group (53%). Across all three age groups, fatigue was the top reported physical condition affecting well-being. Regarding older patients, hair loss was reported in 36% vs 54% in younger patients (p = 0.01), and muscle weakness was reported in 40%. A greater proportion of those in the old group reported that their lifestyle (86%) and general activity level (87%) had been affected. The reported prevalence of medical issues was highest in the young group and lowest in the old group, both during and after treatment. Fear of relapse was the top reported psychosocial issue following treatment for patients in all three age groups. Of those who discussed their fear of relapse with their doctor (young 42% vs old 21%, p = 0.0022), less than one third of patients felt their discussion helped alleviate the fear. Conclusions: This study emphasizes that lymphoma patients in all age groups need more information and support beyond what is currently being provided. While certain age-specific trends were identified, the majority of patient-reported issues span across all three of the age groups examined.

scholarly journals Changes in Physical Activity Are Associated with Corresponding Changes in Psychological Well-Being: A Pandemic Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10680
Author(s):  
Micael Dahlen ◽  
Helge Thorbjørnsen ◽  
Hallgeir Sjåstad ◽  
Petra von Heideken Wågert ◽  
Charlotta Hellström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Daily Activity ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Organized Activities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Societal crises and personal challenges are often followed by substantial changes in physical activity. Is there a link between such changes and psychological well-being? Seeking to answer this question, we conducted a correlational study on a representative sample in Sweden during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (N = 1035). About 49% of the sample had decreased their physical activity compared to their self-reported activity level prior to the pandemic, whereas 32% had increased it. The results showed a positive and robust association between changes in daily activity level and corresponding changes in psychological well-being. Specifically, individuals who had reduced their physical activity over the last year reported lower life satisfaction than before, and individuals who had increased their physical activity reported higher life satisfaction than before. The amount of complete physical inactivity (sitting) showed a similar pattern as the exercise data, meaning that individuals who reported increasing inactivity per day also reported a greater decline in life satisfaction. Additional analyses showed that the association between daily activity level and life satisfaction was somewhat stronger for men than for women, but there was no difference when comparing individual versus organized activities. The current study was based on a cross-sectional design, measuring self-reported change over time. Recent work from other research teams have used longitudinal data and experience-sampling in different settings, finding similar results. We conclude that there is good reason to recommend physical exercise as a coping strategy in difficult times.

scholarly journals Dual-task performance in old adults: cognitive, functional, psychosocial and socio-demographic variables

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Campos-Magdaleno ◽  
Arturo Pereiro ◽  
Esperanza Navarro-Pardo ◽  
Onésimo Juncos-Rabadán ◽  
David Facal
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Cognitive Frailty ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Education Performance

Abstract Background Dual tasking, or the ability to executing two tasks simultaneously, has been used in recent research to predict cognitive impairments, physical frailty, and has been linked with cognitive frailty in old adults. Aim This study aimed to determine age-related variables can predict dual-task (DT) performance in the older population. Methods A total of 258 healthy community-dwelling participants + 60 years were assessed in relation to their functional capacity, health, well-being, social support and years of education. Performance of a cognitive (Fluency) task and a cognitive–motor (Tracking) task was recorded under single and DT conditions. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out for each dependent variable, in separate models including cognitive, functional and psychosocial variables. Results Performance in Fluency in DT conditions was predicted by cognitive variables, whereas performance in Tracking DT conditions was predicted by positive interaction, health status, age and motor variables. Discussion The findings suggest that a wide range of cognitive, psychological, social, physical and functional variables influence cognitive and motor performance in aging. Conclusion DT methodology is sensitive to different age-related changes and could be related to frailty conditions in aging.

scholarly journals Association of heart rate variability with regional difference in senility death ratio: ALLSTAR big data analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205031211985225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junichiro Hayano ◽  
Masaya Kisohara ◽  
Yutaka Yoshida ◽  
Hiroyuki Sakano ◽  
Emi Yuda
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Regional Difference ◽  
Elderly Person ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Objectives: Senility death is defined as natural death in the elderly who do not have a cause of death to be described otherwise and, if human life is finite, it may be one of the ultimate goals of medicine and healthcare. A recent survey in Japan reports that municipalities with a high senility death ratio have lower healthcare costs per late-elderly person. However, the causes of regional differences in senility death ratio and their biomedical determinants were unknown. In this study, we examined the relationships of the regional difference in senility death ratio with the regional differences in heart rate variability and physical activity. Methods: We compared the age-adjusted senility death ratio of all Japanese prefectures with the regional averages of heart rate variability and actigraphic physical activity obtained from a physiological big data of Allostatic State Mapping by Ambulatory ECG Repository (ALLSTAR). Results: The age-adjusted senility death ratio of 47 Japanese prefectures in 2015 ranged from 1.2% to 3.6% in men and from 3.5% to 7.8% in women. We compared these ratios with the age-adjusted indices of heart rate variability in 108,865 men and 136,536 women and of physical activity level in 16,661 men and 21,961 women. Heart rate variability indices and physical activity levels that are known to be associated with low mortality risk were higher in prefectures with higher senility death ratio. Conclusion: The regional senility death ratio in Japan may be associated with regional health status as reflected in heart rate variability and physical activity levels.

Resistance training, insulin sensitivity and muscle function in the elderly

2006 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 75-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flemming Dela ◽  
Michael Kjaer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Improved Function ◽  
Improve Muscle Strength

Ageing is associated with a loss in both muscle mass and in the metabolic quality of skeletal muscle. This leads to sarcopenia and reduced daily function, as well as to an increased risk for development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. A major part, but not all, of these changes are associated with an age-related decrease in the physical activity level and can be counteracted by increased physical activity of a resistive nature. Strength training has been shown to improve insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in both healthy elderly individuals and patients with manifest diabetes, and likewise to improve muscle strength in both elderly healthy individuals and in elderly individuals with chronic disease. The increased strength is coupled to improved function and a decreased risk for fall injuries and fractures. Elderly individuals have preserved the capacity to improve muscle strength and mass with training, but seem to display a reduced sensitivity towards stimulating protein synthesis from nutritional intake, rather than by any reduced response in protein turnover to exercise.

Long-Term Effects of Individually Tailored Physical Training and Activity on Physical Function, Well-Being and Cognition in Scandinavian Nursing Home Residents: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Gerontology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Frändin ◽  
Helena Grönstedt ◽  
Jorunn L. Helbostad ◽  
Astrid Bergland ◽  
Mette Andresen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Physical Functions

Background: The preservation of physical functions such as muscle strength, balance and mobility is fundamental to maintaining independence in activities of daily living (ADL). The physical activity level of most nursing home residents is very low, which implies that they are often subject to a decline in health, mobility, autonomy and social contacts and are also at risk of suffering a decline in mental well-being. In a previous study, we demonstrated that transfers, balance and physical activity level improved after 3 months of individually tailored intervention in nursing home residents. Objective: To evaluate the long-term effects on ADL, balance function, physical activity level, physical performance, falls-related self-efficacy, well-being and cognitive function 3 months after the completion of our intervention in nursing home residents. Methods: The study was a multicenter randomized, controlled clinical trial with a parallel-group design. It was conducted in nursing homes in Sweden, Norway and Denmark, with an intervention period lasting 3 months and a follow-up at 6 months. Initially, 322 nursing home residents with a mean age of 85 years were included; 85 from Sweden, 171 from Norway and 66 from Denmark. Of these, 241 [129 intervention group (IG), 112 control group (CG)] were eligible for the 6-month follow-up tests. The level of dependence in ADL, physical activity level, several dimensions of physical function, well-being, falls-related self-efficacy and cognitive function were assessed with reliable and valid instruments at baseline, immediately after 3 months of intervention and 3 months later at the 6-month follow-up. Results: After 3 months of intervention and an additional period of 3 months without intervention, only the following 2 variables demonstrated significant group differences: social and cognitive function, measured by the Functional Independence Measure n-r, where the IG deteriorated while the CG was almost stable. However, regarding transfers, the IG deteriorated significantly less than the CG. Conclusion: Without supervised physical exercise that challenged the individuals' capability, gains in ADL function, balance and transfer ability deteriorated during the 3 months following the intervention period. Thus, continuous, individually adjusted and supported physical activity seems crucial for the maintenance of physical functions in these vulnerable elderly persons.

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