The problem of obesity in adolescent primary school students from rural and metropolitan areas

Physiotherapy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Lintowska ◽  
Agnieszka Filipczak ◽  
Joanna Dadacz ◽  
Felicja Lwow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Consumption Habits

AbstractIntroduction: Obesity and overweight are health problems that particularly increase the risk of metabolic diseases, being a disease entity itself. It is confirmed that nutritious mistakes and hypokinesia constitute the basic threats in alimentary obesity.The aim of the study: An attempt was made to evaluate the frequency of prevalence of obesity due to consumption habits and motor preferences of children aged 12-13 residing in the Tarłów Commune representing a rural area and children from the Primary School in Wrocław representing a metropolitan area.Subjects and methods: The scope of the study covered 148 children from both rural and metropolitan areas. The children were divided into 4 groups of 37 based on gender and place of living. BMI indicator and centile charts prepared in OLAF studies for the Polish population were used to evaluate the level of obesity. Custom surveys concerning consumption habits and children motor activity were used to evaluate lifestyle habits. The results of the study were subjected to statistical evaluation using Statistica v. 10 software.Results: Within the studied group of children aged 12-13 obesity and overweight occurred among 30% of girls and 25% of boys, whereas a tendency for more frequent occurrences of overweight was observed within girls (26%) and obesity within boys (5%). Everyday diet among the studied group depends on their place of living. Girls from a metropolitan area more frequently ate high-fiber products, unsaturated fatty acids and vitamins relative to girls from the rural area. Differences in preferred forms of physical activity based on gender were shown.Conclusions: There is an urgent need to implement education and preventive or health promotion programs in the field of obesity prevention in rural areas, with special attention to physical activity and modification of consumption habits.

scholarly journals Over-nutrition among primary school pupils in a semi-urban Local Government Area, South-western Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Tamra Iyabo Runsewe-Abiodun ◽  
Oluwafolahan Sholeye ◽  
Abiodun Alaje ◽  
Olatunbosun O Olawale ◽  
Olatunde Odusan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
University Education ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Primary School Pupils

Background: Studies from the developing countries suggest that childhood obesity is more prevalent in the urban settings. The search for childhood overweight/obesity (over-nutrition) needs to go beyond the urban into the semi-urban and rural areas. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of over-nutrition and the associated factor among primary school pupils in Ikenne Local Government Area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytic study of pupils of 15 schools (10 public and 5 private) using the multistage random sampling and the proportionate sampling techniques. Data were collected using interviewer-administered questionnaire, data on physical activity, household possessions, dietary practices and relevant physical findings were obtained. Results: A total of 422 pupils were studied; the age ranged between 18 and 192 months with a mean of 107.2 ± 36.4 months. The prevalence of Overweight/Obesity (Over-nutrition) was 6.4% with male predominance: 8.1% vs 4.4% without statistical significance (p = 0.19). Over-nutrition was significantly more prevalent among pupils aged <5 years and in the pupils of private schools (p = 0.000 and p = 0.007 respectively) and significantly related to the Dietary Diversity Score (p = 0.0001). Over-nutrition was more frequent among children whose parents had university education and were middle level civil servants without statistical significance. (p = 0.66, 0.19 respectively). Group physical activity was low in 96.3% and Food Frequency Score was poor in 87.5% of the overweight/obese pupils. Female gender, long duration of breastfeeding and delay in weaning significantly correlated with childhood over-nutrition. Conclusions: Over-nutrition is not uncommon in the semi-urban Nigerian setting. The early life feeding practices, quality of the child’s diet and physical activities appear to be important contributors to childhood over-nutrition in this setting.

scholarly journals Dimensões socioambientais do rural contemporâneo

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfio BRANDENBURG ◽  
Angela Duarte Damasceno FERREIRA ◽  
Leonardo José Cordeiro SANTOS
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Rural Environment ◽  
Organizational Processes ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Environmental Interests

O texto trata do meio ambiente rural da Região Metropolitana de Curitiba e do Litoral Norte do Paraná a partir da sua heterogeneidade, do rural como espaço de interesses ambientais conflitantes, como espaço do risco socialmente construído, como espaço de reencontro com a natureza e como espaço de surgimento de novos atores sociais. Em função dos processos organizativos em curso nos espaços rurais, e em função do reconhecimento da diversidade de situações socioambientais existentes e das distintas estratégias implementadas pelos diferentes atores para se reproduzir, pode-se dizer que existe uma vitalidade dos grupos sociais rurais para recriar suas trajetórias e inscrevê-las como elementos da historicidade do seu território. Socio-environmental dimensions of contemporary rurality Abstract The text addresses the rural environment in the Curitiba Metropolitan Area and in Paraná’s northern coastal area in its heterogeneity, rural area as a space of conflicting environmental interests; as a space of socially created risk; as a space of reencounter with nature; and as a space for the emergence of new social actors. Owing to the organizational processes that are taking place in rural areas, and as a function of acknowledging the diversity of existing socio-environmental situations and different strategies implemented by different actors to reproduce themselves, it can be said that there is vitality in the rural social groups as they recreate their trajectories and include them as elements of the history of their territory.

scholarly journals Rural-Urban Disparities in Place of Death in Hematologic Malignancies in the US from 2003 to 2019

Blood ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 138 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4137-4137
Author(s):  
Syed M. Qasim Hussaini ◽  
Arjun Gupta
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Hospice Care ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Facility ◽  
Nursing Facility ◽  
The Us

Abstract Background: more than 60,000 people die annually from hematologic malignancies in the united states (us). Patients with hematologic malignancies more frequently receive aggressive care toward the end-of-life and are more likely to die in a hospital compared to those with a solid tumor. Appropriate care of such patients is very dependent on an existing healthcare infrastructure. There are notable challenges to rural healthcare in the united states which contains less than 1/5th of all hospices in the us. In this study, we sought to investigate rural-urban disparities in place of death the us in individuals that died from hematologic malignancies. Methods: we utilized the us centers for disease control and prevention wide-ranging online data for epidemiologic research database to analyze all deaths from hematologic malignancies in the us from 2003 to 2019. A population classification utilizing the 2013 us census was made using the national center for health statistics urban-rural classification scheme. These classifications included: large metropolitan area (1 million), small- or medium-sized metropolitan area (50 000-999 999), and rural area (&lt;50 000). We estimated deaths in a medical facility, hospice, home, or nursing care facility. We stratified the results by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. The annual percentage change (apc) in deaths was estimated. All data was publicly available and de-identified. Findings: from 2003-2019, there were a total 1,088,589 deaths form hematologic malignancies in the united states, predominantly in large metropolitan areas (50.2%), followed by small or medium sized metropolitan areas (31.7%) and rural areas (18.2%). All regions noted decreases in medical facility and nursing facility related deaths, and increase in hospice and home deaths. While rural areas demonstrated the quickest uptake of hospice care (apc 61.5), they had the lowest overall presence of hospice care (8.3% of all rural deaths in 2019 vs. 14.9% for small or medium metropolitan vs. 12% for large metropolitan) and larger share of nursing facility related deaths (15.8% of all rural deaths in 2019 vs 12.3% for small or medium metropolitan vs 10.6% for large metropolitan). Discussion: we demonstrate end-of-life disparities in hematologic malignancies based on where an individual resides in the us with rural areas having notably lower share of deaths in hospice facilities. Older infrastructure, inadequate access to care, and financial barriers add to the medical complexity of care for all patients, and especially hematologic patients with high needs and complex treatment planning. These have been aggravated by rural hospital closures in the previous 18 months. The us senate is currently debating a bipartisan infrastructure that may add billions in building rural healthcare infrastructure to state budgets. Our findings are timely in helping inform congressional policy. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Urban-Rural Relationships in Feeding Metropolis: A Case Study in Ljubljana Metropolitan Area

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 259-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Sali ◽  
Stefano Corsi ◽  
Federica Monaco ◽  
Chiara Mazzocchi ◽  
Matjaž Glavan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Definition Of

Metropolitan areas are characterized by the coexistence of a urban core insisting on natural resources of surrounding rural areas, strictly linked to the former. Inevitably, increasing urbanization and its consequences affect the model of urban development, which then needs to deal with the challenge of sustainability, also aiming to reduce pressures on resources and on supplying capacities of rural agricultural systems in providing food to urban zones, traditionally lacking. It then becomes important to deepen the possibility for the dense core to be supplied through proximity agriculture, able to recreate and improve synergic connections between urban and rural spheres. The paper aims to study the relationships among them for feeding the metropolis, adopting a methodology for the spatial definition of urban centre in metropolitan area and the assessment of its food balance, in order to identify the potentialities of local and proximity agriculture and provide a first evaluation for the possibility to match urban development and production potential. Identified tools are applied to Ljubljana metropolitan area.

scholarly journals Assessment of risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus among rural population in Karnataka by using Indian diabetes risk score

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radha Ramaiah ◽  
Srividya Jayarama
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetes Risk ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Risk Score

Background: Diabetes has emerged not only as a major public health problem, but also as a global societal catastrophe. Governments worldwide are struggling to meet the cost of the diabetic care. The proportion of people with diabetes is rapidly increasing in many countries, with the documented increase in low and middle income countries. With this background a study was planned with the objective of assessing the risk of diabetes among adults in a rural area using a simple diagnostic tool. Methods: A community based, cross-sectional study was done among 485 adults aged 20 years and above residing in a rural area of Karnataka. Data collection was done by household survey by direct interview using a pretested, structured questionnaire. The questionnaire had 2 parts with part one of socio-demographic variables and part two made up of Indian diabetes risk score (IDRS) questionnaire. IDRS was developed by Mohan et al and its parameters comprise of 2 modifiable (waist circumference, physical activity) and 2 non-modifiable risk factors (age, family history) for diabetes. Analysis was done with open Epi and Microsoft excel. Results: In the present study, according to IDRS, 14.84% of the study subjects had high risk of diabetes, 73.19% had moderate risk and 11.95% had no/low risk of diabetes. Conclusions: The risk of diabetes among adults is on rise in rural areas. Physical activity likes regular exercises, diet and lifestyle modification are some of the interventions that can reduce the risk of diabetes.

Research on Planning and Performance Appraisal of Mass Rail Transportation in Metropolitan Area Guided by Urban-Rural Integration - Taking Xi'an as an Example

2013 ◽  
Vol 361-363 ◽  
pp. 2266-2269
Author(s):  
Hai Jun Sun ◽  
Pei Zhang ◽  
Lei An
Keyword(s):  
Performance Appraisal ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Rail Transportation ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Process Of Urbanization ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Planning And Construction

The urban-rural integration is an effective way to eliminate the urban-rural dual structure, and narrow the gaps between urban and rural areas. Planning and construction of rail transportation should be emphasized in order to promote the process of urbanization in metropolitan areas and meet or guide the demands of free flow of urban and rural elements. Based on the analysis of rail transportation which is an important driving force of urban-rural integration development of metropolitan areas in details, the article discusses mass rail transportation planning and construction in metropolitan area choosing Xi'an metropolis as an example, and evaluates the rail transportation implementation performance oriented by the urban-rural integration, aiming to better guide planning and implementation of rail transportation in urban and rural areas, as well as to provide references for other regions in China.

scholarly journals Trabalhadores e famílias rurais na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo: diversificação dos rendimentos e características familiares em 2008

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelly Maria Sansigolo de Figueiredo ◽  
Bruna Angela Branchi ◽  
Angela Antonia Kageyama
Keyword(s):  
Rural Area ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rural Families ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
The State ◽  
Sample Survey ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
The Family

O rural da Região Metropolitana de São Paulo (RMSP) pode ser considerado um caso extremo de rural, altamente integrado com o espaço urbano. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é investigar as condições das famílias rurais na RMSP e contrastar os resultados com as famílias rurais residentes em áreas não-metropolitanas do estado de São Paulo em 2008, focalizando em aspectos relacionados à ocupação, renda, pobreza. Complementarmente, os resultados para2008 são contrastados com os de 2004. A base de dados é fornecida pela Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD) de 2004 e de 2008. As famílias rurais foram classificadas em agrícolas, não-agrícolas e pluriativas e segundo dois cortes geográficos (RMSP e demais áreas rurais do estado de São Paulo). Os resultados indicam que o rural metropolitano é eminentemente não-agrícola, constituído porfamílias ocupadas em atividades não-agrícolas, caracterizadas pela maior presença de jovens, maior escolaridade, empregos formais e acesso a itens como água encanada. No entanto, essas famílias estão em piores condições quanto à renda e pobreza comparativamente às famílias rurais não metropolitanas. A proporção pequena de ocupados na agricultura sugere que a proximidade com a metrópole, apesar de oferecer algumas vantagens para as famílias rurais não representa uma integração rural-urbana, uma vez que a ruralidade da família em torno da ocupação agrícola e da agricultura familiar está muito distante desse grupo.Rural workers and families in the Metropolitan area of São Paulo: earnings diversification and families´characteristics in 2008Abstract: The rural area of the Metropolitan Region of Sao Paulo city (RMSP) may be considered a singular situation of rural area, highly integrated to the urban center. In this context, the main purpose of this article is to investigatethe socioeconomic conditions of the rural families. Aiming to this objective a comparison was undertaken between rural families living in the metropolitan area (RMSP) and those living in other rural areas of the state, with special attentionto occupation, income and poverty. Data base comes from the 2004 and 2008 National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) from IBGE (Brazilian Geography and Statistics Institute), considering two samples of the rural families: type of family(agricultural, non-agricultural and pluriactive); and region (the metropolitan rural area RMSP and the other rural areas of the state of São Paulo). The results suggest that most families in the metropolitan rural area have their membersoccupied in non-agricultural activities. In general, these families are characterized by a stronger presence of youngsters, higher educational level, greater proportionof formal jobs and access to basic public services as piped water. Nevertheless, with respect to income and poverty, these families present worse conditions, when compared to the non-metropolitan rural families. The small proportion of workers engaged in agricultural activities suggests that the proximity with the metropolis does not contribute to a rural-urban integration, given that the rurality of the family, expressed by the agricultural occupation and the family farming, is not a peculiarity of this group.Key-words: rural families; Metropolitan area of Sao Paulo city.JEL: J08; J29.

scholarly journals Frailty Status and Transport Disadvantage: Comparison of Older Adults’ Travel Behaviours between Metropolitan, Suburban, and Rural Areas of Japan

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6367
Author(s):  
Takumi Abe ◽  
Akihiko Kitamura ◽  
Satoshi Seino ◽  
Yuri Yokoyama ◽  
Hidenori Amano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Frailty Status ◽  
Transport Disadvantage

This study examined differences in older adults’ travel behaviours by frailty status in metropolitan, suburban, and rural areas of Japan. Data were collected from 9104 older adults (73.5 ± 5.7 years; 51% women; 19% frail) living in metropolitan (n = 5032), suburban (n = 2853), and rural areas (n = 1219) of Japan. Participants reported if they walked, cycled, drove a car, rode a car as a passenger, and used public transportation (PT) once per week or more. A standardised questionnaire was used to assess frailty status. We conducted logistic regression analysis to calculate the odds ratios of using each travel mode by frailty status stratified by locality. Relative to non-frail participants, frail participants were less likely to walk and drive a car in all three areas. Frail participants had significantly higher odds of being a car passenger in the suburban (OR = 1.73 (95% CI: 1.32, 2.25)) and rural areas (OR = 1.61 (1.10, 2.35)) but not in the metropolitan area (OR = 1.08 (0.87, 1.33)). This study found that frail older adults living in suburban and rural areas tended to rely more on cars driven by someone else, suggesting that transport disadvantage is more pronounced in suburban and rural areas than in metropolitan areas.

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