scholarly journals A standard diagnostic and education procedure for nurses in recognizing the symptoms of aging man

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Korol ◽  
Elżbieta Krajewska-Kułak
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Male Menopause ◽  
Male Hormones

AbstractIntroduction. In the aging process a weakening of the multiple organ systems and endocrine system occur, which in turn, leads to male hormones deficiency – androgens release, including testosterone. It is believed that the year-to-year, women awareness of the menopausal problems increases, however, their knowledge of the consequences of menopause is still insufficient. Unfortunately, only a small percentage of the population is aware that the same problem can also affect men. Male menopause symptoms are still largely an area of social taboo subject, which is not discussed at all or very little. As a consequence, men are not informed, enlightened, and therefore also ready for the changes that are to take place in themselves and their lives.Aim. To develop a standard nurses preparation for diagnostic and education procedure concerning the aging man.Methods. The standard was created with recommendations of The European Quality Assurance Network.Results. The development of diagnostic and education procedure for nurses in the realm of identifying symptoms of male aging.

scholarly journals A review on tramadol toxicity: mechanism of action, clinical presentation, and treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samaneh Nakhaee ◽  
Christopher Hoyte ◽  
Richard C. Dart ◽  
Masoumeh Askari ◽  
Roland J. Lamarine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Mechanism Of Action ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Management Alternative

Abstract Aims As an analgesic that acts upon the central nervous system (CNS), tramadol has gained popularity in treating moderate to severe pain. Recently, it has been increasingly reported as a drug of misuse with intentional overdoses or intoxications. This review focuses on tramadol intoxication in humans and its effects on different systems. Subject and method This narrative review provides a comprehensive view of the pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, and incidence of tramadol toxicity with an in-depth look at its side effects. In addition, the main approaches to the management of tramadol poisoning are described. Results Tramadol poisoning can affect multiple organ systems: gastrointestinal, central nervous system (seizure, CNS depression, low-grade coma, anxiety, and over time anoxic brain damage), cardiovascular system (palpitation, mild hypertension to life-threatening complications such as cardiopulmonary arrest), respiratory system, renal system (renal failure with higher doses of tramadol intoxication), musculoskeletal system (rhabdomyolysis), endocrine system (hypoglycemia), as well as, cause serotonin syndrome. Seizure, a serious nervous disturbance, is more common in tramadol intoxication than with other opioids. Fatal tramadol intoxications are uncommon, except in ingestion cases concurrent with other medications, particularly CNS depressants, most commonly benzodiazepines, and ethanol. Conclusion With the increasing popularity of tramadol, physicians must be aware of its adverse effects, substantial abuse potential, and drug interactions, to weigh its risk–benefit ratio for pain management. Alternative therapies might be considered in patients with a previous overdose history to reduce risks for adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals The pump, the exchanger, and the holy spirit: origins and 40-year evolution of ideas about the ouabain-Na+pump endocrine system

2018 ◽  
Vol 314 (1) ◽  
pp. C3-C26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mordecai P. Blaustein
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Holy Spirit ◽  
Kidney Development ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Renal Physiology ◽  
Natriuretic Hormone ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Evolution Of Ideas

Two prescient 1953 publications set the stage for the elucidation of a novel endocrine system: Schatzmann’s report that cardiotonic steroids (CTSs) are all Na+pump inhibitors, and Szent-Gyorgi’s suggestion that there is an endogenous “missing screw” in heart failure that CTSs like digoxin may replace. In 1977 I postulated that an endogenous Na+pump inhibitor acts as a natriuretic hormone and simultaneously elevates blood pressure (BP) in salt-dependent hypertension. This hypothesis was based on the idea that excess renal salt retention promoted the secretion of a CTS-like hormone that inhibits renal Na+pumps and salt reabsorption. The hormone also inhibits arterial Na+pumps, elevates myocyte Na+and promotes Na/Ca exchanger-mediated Ca2+gain. This enhances vasoconstriction and arterial tone—the hallmark of hypertension. Here I describe how those ideas led to the discovery that the CTS-like hormone is endogenous ouabain (EO), a key factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension and heart failure. Seminal observations that underlie the still-emerging picture of the EO-Na+pump endocrine system in the physiology and pathophysiology of multiple organ systems are summarized. Milestones include: 1) cloning the Na+pump isoforms and physiological studies of mutated pumps in mice; 2) discovery that Na+pumps are also EO-triggered signaling molecules; 3) demonstration that ouabain, but not digoxin, is hypertensinogenic; 4) elucidation of EO’s roles in kidney development and cardiovascular and renal physiology and pathophysiology; 5) discovery of “brain ouabain”, a component of a novel hypothalamic neuromodulatory pathway; and 6) finding that EO and its brain receptors modulate behavior and learning.

scholarly journals Chronic Heroin Dependence Leading to Adrenal Insufficiency

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Das
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Drug Addicts ◽  
Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Organ Systems

Opioids have been the mainstay for pain relief and palliation over a long period of time. They are commonly abused by drug addicts and such dependence usually imparts severe physiologic effects on multiple organ systems. The negative impact of opioids on the endocrine system is poorly understood and often underestimated. We describe a patient who developed severe suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis leading to secondary adrenal insufficiency due to long standing abuse of opioids.

Microprobe analysis of inclusion bodies related to two benzofuran derivatives

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 672-673
Author(s):  
T. L. Benning ◽  
P. Ingram ◽  
J. D. Shelburne
Keyword(s):  
Inclusion Bodies ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
High Dose ◽  
En Bloc ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Dense Inclusion ◽  
Melanin Complex

Two benzofuran derivatives, chlorpromazine and amiodarone, are known to produce inclusion bodies in human tissues. Prolonged high dose chlorpromazine therapy causes hyperpigmentation of the skin with electron-dense inclusion bodies present in dermal histiocytes and endothelial cells ultrastructurally. The nature of the deposits is not known although a drug-melanin complex has been hypothesized. Amiodarone may also cause cutaneous hyperpigmentation and lamellar lysosomal inclusion bodies have been demonstrated within the cells of multiple organ systems. These lamellar bodies are believed to be the product of an amiodarone-induced phospholipid storage disorder. We performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDXA) on tissue samples from patients treated with these drugs, attempting to detect the sulfur atom of chlorpromazine and the iodine atom of amiodarone within their respective inclusion bodies.A skin biopsy from a patient with hyperpigmentation due to prolonged chlorpromazine therapy was fixed in 4% glutaraldehyde and processed without osmium tetroxide or en bloc uranyl acetate for Epon embedding.

Impairment Rating and Spinal Cord Injuries: Revisiting the Guides

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Richard T. Katz
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Impairment Ratings

Abstract This article addresses some criticisms of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides) by comparing previously published outcome data from a group of complete spinal cord injury (SCI) persons with impairment ratings for a corresponding level of injury calculated using the AMA Guides, Sixth Edition. Results of the comparison show that impairment ratings using the sixth edition scale poorly with the level of impairments of activities of daily living (ADL) in SCI patients as assessed by the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) motor scale and the extended FIM motor scale. Because of the combinations of multiple impairments, the AMA Guides potentially overrates the impairment of paraplegics compared with that of quadriplegics. The use and applicability of the Combined Values formula should be further investigated, and complete loss of function of two upper extremities seems consistent with levels of quadriplegia using the SCI model. Some aspects of the AMA Guides contain inconsistencies. The concept of diminishing impairment values is not easily translated between specific losses of function per organ system and “overall” loss of ADLs involving multiple organ systems, and the notion of “catastrophic thresholds” involving multiple organ systems may support the understanding that variations in rating may exist in higher rating cases such as those that involve an SCI.

Renal Manifestations of Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-19
Author(s):  
Nikhil Nair ◽  
Ronith Chakraborty ◽  
Zubin Mahajan ◽  
Aditya Sharma ◽  
Sidarth Sethi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tuberous Sclerosis ◽  
Tuberous Sclerosis Complex ◽  
Gene Disruption ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Renal Cysts ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Tsc2 Gene ◽  
Genetic Condition ◽  
Organ Systems

Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a genetic condition caused by a mutation in either the TSC1 or TSC2 gene. Disruption of either of these genes leads to impaired production of hamartin or tuberin proteins, leading to the manifestation of skin lesions, tumors and seizures. TSC can manifests in multiple organ systems with the cutaneous and renal systems being the most commonly affected. These manifestations can secondarily lead to the development of hypertension, chronic kidney disease, and neurocognitive declines. The renal pathologies most commonly seen in TSC are angiomyolipoma, renal cysts and less commonly, oncocytomas. In this review, we highlight the current understanding on the renal manifestations of TSC along with current diagnosis and treatment guidelines.

scholarly journals Attenuation of COVID-19-induced cytokine storm in a young male patient with severe respiratory and neurological symptoms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Muschitz ◽  
Anita Trummert ◽  
Theresa Berent ◽  
Norbert Laimer ◽  
Lukas Knoblich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Central Nervous System

SummarySevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the etiological agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), produces protean manifestations and causes indiscriminate havoc in multiple organ systems. This rapid and vast production of proinflammatory cytokines contributes to a condition termed cytokine storm. A 35-year-old, otherwise healthy, employed, male patient was tested positive for COVID-19. He was admitted to the hospital on disease day 10 due to retarded verbal reactions and progressive delirium. On account of these conditions and the need for noninvasive/invasive ventilation, a combination treatment with baricitinib and remdesivir in conjunction with standard of care was initiated. The cytokine storm was rapidly blocked, leading to a vast pulmonary recovery with retarded recovery of the central nervous system. We conclude that the rapid blockade of the COVID-19-induced cytokine storm should be considered of avail as a principle of careful decision-making for effective recovery.

scholarly journals A Case of IgG4-Related Kidney Disease Developing While on Steroid Treatment for Autoimmune IgG4 Pancreatitis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 232470962110265
Author(s):  
Jonathan Vincent M. Reyes ◽  
Dawn Maldonado ◽  
Aaron S. Stern ◽  
Maritza Brown
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Inflammatory Process ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Steroid Treatment ◽  
Autoimmune Process ◽  
Immunoglobulin G4 ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Steroid Sparing

IgG4 (immunoglobulin G4)-related systemic disease is an autoimmune process affecting multiple organ systems. This inflammatory process can present as but not limited to pancreatitis, cholangitis, or unspecified kidney disease. In this case, our patient developed IgG4-related kidney disease while already on a prolonged steroid course for IgG4-related pancreatitis. The patient ultimately had renal recovery after starting a higher dose of prednisone, but also developed steroid-related complications. This case further highlights the relationship between IgG4 diseases now termed IgG4-related systemic disease. This case brings to light the need for further investigative research into ideal steroid dosing, as well as steroid-sparing agents for IgG4-related systemic disease.

Thoracic trauma in small animals: road traffic accidents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Kate Sheard
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Thoracic Trauma ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Small Animals ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Blunt Force Trauma ◽  
Organ Systems

Thoracic trauma is common in small animals and can be caused by a variety of insults from penetrating wounds to blunt force trauma. Patients that have sustained any form of thoracic trauma require immediate attention and intensive nursing care in order to have a positive outcome for the patient. These cases can prove challenging as multiple organ systems can be affected and surgery is often required. However, combined with the appropriate medical care, the outcome can be successful.

scholarly journals Complement-Mediated Thrombotic Microangiopathy Associated with Lupus Nephritis Treated with Eculizumab: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
Everardo Arias Torres ◽  
Yongen Chang ◽  
Sheetal Desai ◽  
Ian Chang ◽  
Jonathan E. Zuckerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Homozygous Deletion ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Thrombotic Microangiopathies ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Oral Steroids ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Thrombotic microangiopathies (TMAs) involve multiple organ systems due to the presence of microangiopathic hemolysis. One such condition, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS), is a complement-mediated process that is part of a spectrum of disorders that have underlying complement dysfunction of the alternative pathway due to overactivity or decreased self-nonself discrimination by innate immunity. Complement-amplifying conditions such as pregnancy may unmask a diagnosis of aHUS. We present an important case of a pregnant 23-year-old Hispanic female who presented in mid-gestation (21 weeks) with an initial diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by aHUS. She met clinical criteria for aHUS on presentation and was found to have a pathogenic CFHR1–3 homozygous deletion. She has been treated with intravenous and oral steroids, cyclophosphamide, subsequently also with plasma exchange, and finally with eculizumab with partial improvement in renal function. This case adds to the emerging literature showing that SLE and aHUS (or complement-mediated TMA) can be successfully treated with C5 blockade.

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