scholarly journals Immunoreactivity of arcuate nucleus astrocytes in rats after intragastric administration of habanero peppers (Capsicum Chinese Jacq.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rycerz ◽  
A. Krawczyk ◽  
J. Jaworska-Adamu ◽  
M. Gołyński ◽  
K. Lutnicki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Microscope ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Arcuate Nucleus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Histological Technique ◽  
Habanero Pepper

Abstract Habanero pepper fruits contain capsaicin (CAP) characterised by a spicy taste. Astrocytes express vanilloid receptor (TRPV1), which interacts with cannabinoids including CAP. Only a few studies revealed that CAP leads to alterations of the arcuate nucleus (ARC) structures. The aim of this study was to analyse the GFAP (GFAP-IR) and S100β (S100β-IR) immunoreactive astrocytes of ARC in adult rats after intragastric administration of habanero pepper fruits. Adult, Wistar rats received a peanut oil – control group (C) – and oil suspension of habanero pepper fruits at a dose of 0.08 g dm/kg b.w. for 7 days – E1 group – and 28 days – E2 group. After euthanasia, the brains were embedded in paraffin blocks using a routine histological technique. Frontal slices of ARC were immunohistochemically stained for GFAP and S100β using specific antibodies in the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Astrocytes of ARC were morphologically and morphometrically analysed under a light microscope. The results of the study did not reveal statistically significant changes in the density of GFAP-IR cells in E1 and E2 groups of rats in comparison with group C. A statistically significant increase in the density of S100β-IR astrocytes was observed in the E1 group and a decrease in the E2 group. Astrocytes with expression of both studied proteins were characterised by morphological alterations in ARC in the E2 group. The obtained results suggest an influence of CAP contained in habanero pepper fruits on the reactivity of astroglia, which may have an impact on the astrocyte-neuron interactions in order to maintain a proper activity of nervous cells in ARC.

scholarly journals Morphological alterations in the heart and aorta of rats treated with glucocorticoids

2015 ◽  
Vol 32 (04) ◽  
pp. 231-235
Author(s):  
R. Dantas ◽  
K. Souza ◽  
D. Santos ◽  
V. Feitosa ◽  
E. Fioretto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Histological Analysis ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Heart Chamber ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Synthetic Glucocorticoid

Abstract Introduction: The objective of this study was to analyze the morphological structure of the heart and aorta of rats treated with the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone. Material and Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: 08 control rats undergoing treatment with a 0.9% saline solution for 10 days and 08 rats treated for 10 days with dexamethasone (2mg/kg animal weight). Results: Histological analysis detected a mild cardiac hypertrophy and 15% reduction of collagen located in the aorta of animals treated with glucocorticoid when compared to the control group. Conclusion: We conclude that treatment with dexamethasone for a period of 10 consecutive days is able to promote morphological changes in the structure of the heart chamber and, impair morphological structure of aorta.

scholarly journals Lipid profile of Wistar rats fed normolipid diets with different fatty acid profiles / Perfil lipídico de ratos Wistar submetidos a dietas normolipídicas com diferentes perfis de ácidos graxos

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 121398-121411
Author(s):  
Thaís de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Edgar Willibaldo Allebrandt Neto ◽  
Wanessa Costa Silva Faria ◽  
Natalino Francisco da Silva ◽  
Josete Maria da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Adipose Tissues

The development of cardiovascular diseases is characterized by changes in the blood lipid profile, among other factors, which are closely related to the population's eating habits. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effects of diets with different lipid sources on the lipid profile of Wistar rats. Forty male and adult rats were used, divided into 5 groups (control - 7% soybean oil, CA - 7% canola oil, CO - 7% coconut oil, SO - 7% sunflower oil and LD - 7% lard) and fed normolipidic diets for 30 days. The variables food consumption, weight gain, weight of organs and adipose tissues, blood glucose, lipid profile and cardiovascular risk indicators in the experimental groups were evaluated in the study. The results showed strong compatibility between the CA and control groups, which did not differ in all variables, however, divergences were identified for the other groups. The LD group consumed 11% more than the control group and together with the CO group, gained the least weight. For the variables weight of organs and adipose tissues, glycemia and cardiovascular risk indicators, no significant differences were observed. Among the lipid profile parameters, the levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL of animals that consumed sunflower oil and lard were significantly reduced compared to those of animals that consumed soybean oil. For the LDL fraction, all groups were similar to the control group, except for the LD group, which had a 58% lower content. The effects observed in the CO, SO and LD groups seem to result from a deficiency of essential fatty acids, since the respective sources do not meet the requirements of these nutrients.

A Nutraceutical approach to enhance Reproductive longevity and Ovarian health using Curcuma longa in wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 5385-5390
Author(s):  
Gowda K M Damodara ◽  
S Moodithaya Shailaja ◽  
R Kedilaya Vishakh ◽  
Nayanatara A K ◽  
Suchetha Kumari N
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Aging Properties ◽  
Sham Control Group

Aging is associated with various physiological, pathological and psychosocial alterations. This study evaluates the benefits of Curcumin by assessing reproductive aging indices and ovarian health in Wistar rats. Laboratory bred adult rats selected for the experiment. After 12 months of follow-up, the animals were grouped into Normal control rats, Sham control group, Curcumin-1(100 mg/kg body weight), Curcumin-2(200 mg/kg body weight) and Curcumin-3 (400 mg/kg body weight). For the duration of six months Curcumin dosage was administered. The experimental parameters included estrous cycle and histological evaluation of ovarian follicles. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. The percentage of primordial follicles was significantly more (p<0.001) in all the groups when compared with other types of follicles. Prolonged increase (p=0.0001) in the Diestrus phase in animals treated with different dosages of Curcumin. The current study concludes that Curcumin, an active component of Curcuma longa contributes to the anti-aging properties.

scholarly journals Prenatal Exposure to Ethanol Causes Differential Effects in Nerve Growth Factor and its Receptor in the Basal Forebrain of Preweaning and Adult Rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Angelucci ◽  
Mauro Cimino ◽  
Walter Balduini ◽  
Luana Piltillo ◽  
Luigi Aloe
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Growth Factor ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cholinergic Neurons ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Nerve Growth ◽  
Acute Ethanol

In this study we investigated nerve growth factor (NGF) levels in the cortex and hippocampus of the offspring of pregnant female Sprague-Dawley rats receiving a single intragastric administration of acute ethanol on the 15th day of gestation and compared them with a control group of rats that received an injection of sucrose. We also examined the distribution of the low-affinity NGF receptor, p75NGFR, on NGF-responsive neurons that are localized in the septum and the nucleus of Meynert, which receive the respective trophic support from the hippocampus and the cortex. In the ethanol-treated group, the results show that at post-natal age 15 days, the NGF septohippocampal pathways were markedly affected. At day 15, the NGF level was significantly higher in the offspring of ethanol-treated rats. By day 40, NGF values in both groups decreased to similar levels. At day 60, however, the NGF level in the ethanol-treated animals decreased to a significantly lower value than that of the control group, which remained essentially unchanged. In parallel, at day 60 the numbers of septal cholinergic neurons expressing p75NGFR were also significantly lower in ethanol-treated rats than in control animals. Because ethanol is known to induce neurological disorders, as well as deficits in cell proliferation and differentiation, the results suggest that one cause of the deleterious effects induced by ethanol is the low availability of NGF during certain stages of postnatal brain development.

scholarly journals Biosynthesized ZnO Nanoparticles Using Albizia lebbeck Extract Induced Biochemical and Morphological Alterations in Wistar Rats

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (13) ◽  
pp. 3864
Author(s):  
Doga Kavaz ◽  
Amina Lawan Abubakar ◽  
Nahit Rizaner ◽  
Huzaifa Umar
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Stem Bark ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Bark Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Tissue Morphology

Nano-based particles synthesized via green routes have a particular structure that is useful in biomedical applications as they provide cheap, eco-friendly, and non-toxic nanoparticles. In the present study, we reported the effect of various concentrations of Zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized using A. lebbeck stem bark extract (ZnO NPsAL) as stabilizing agent on rat biochemical profiles and tissue morphology. Adult Wistar rats weighing 170 ± 5 g were randomly classified into eight groups of five rats each; Group A served as a control fed with normal diet and water. Groups B1, B2, C1, C2, D1, D2, and E were treated with 40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg of the 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1 M biosynthesized ZnO NPsAL and zinc nitrate daily by the gavage method, respectively. The rats were anesthetized 24 h after the last treatment, blood samples, kidney, heart, and liver tissues were collected for biochemical and histopathological analysis. The rats mean body weight, serum alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase, creatinine, urea, bilirubin, protein, albumin, globulin, total cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and high-density lipoprotein were significantly altered with an increased concentration of biosynthesized ZnO NPsAL when compared with the control group (p < 0.05; n ≥ 5). Furthermore, histopathological analysis of treated rats’ kidney, heart, and liver tissue revealed vascular congestion, tubular necrosis, inflammation, and cytoplasmic vacuolation. Biosynthesized ZnO NPsAL showed significant alteration in biochemical parameters and tissue morphology in rats with increasing concentrations of the nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Effect of moxifloxacin on pharmacokinetics of enalapril in rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 292 ◽  
pp. 03063
Author(s):  
Zhao Jing ◽  
Peng Jiarui ◽  
Zhang Yinxia
Keyword(s):  
Normal Saline ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Combination Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Single Administration ◽  
Quinolone Antibiotics ◽  
Combined Administration ◽  
Average Control ◽  
Combined Drugs

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of moxifloxacin on the pharmacokinetics of enalapril. Single administration experiment: 12 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups on average. Control group: enalapril (15mg/kg)+ normal saline combined group: enalapril (15mg/kg)+ moxifloxacin (80mg/kg), intragastric administration. Blood samples were measured by LC-MS/MS. Multiple administration experiment: 12 Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups on average. The control group was given normal saline (day1-7)+ enalapril (day8,15mg/kg), and the combination group was given moxifloxacin (day1-7, 80mg/kg)+ enalapril (day8,15mg/kg) by intra-gastric administration. The treatments were the same as above. Pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated using Winnonlin 6.1 software and the two groups were compared using SPSS18.0 software. In single administration experiment compared with the control group, the AUC(0-t) and Cmax of enalapril were decreased by 31.99%（P<0.05), 42.57% (P<0.05) in the combined administration group. Quinolone antibiotics and ACEI drugs should not be taken at the same time during clinical treatment to avoid drug interactions that may occur when combined drugs are used.

scholarly journals Hybrid organotin compounds — modulators of apoptotic processes in the liver when administered once and repeatedly to Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 18-23
Author(s):  
M. A. Dodokhova ◽  
I. M. Kotieva ◽  
А. V. Safronenko ◽  
V. G. Trepel ◽  
M. S. Alkhuseyn–Kulyaginova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
G Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Organotin Compounds ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Tert Butyl ◽  
Group I

Introduction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of hybrid organotin compounds bis(3,5–di– tert–butyl–4–hydroxyphenylthiolate) dimethylol (Me3) and ((3,5–di–tert–butyl–4–hydroxyphenylthiolate) triphenylolol (Me5) on the level of markers of oxidative stress and apoptotic processes in the mitochondria during acute and subchronic intragastric administration to Wistar rats (females) in the maximum tolerated dose. Materials and methods. The objects of study were hybrid organotin compounds, the administration was carried out at the maximum tolerated dose of 2000 mg/kg (Me3) and 750 mg/kg (Me5) with a single and multiple intragastric administration. The study was conducted on 60 Wistar rats (females) weighing 190-210g. The concentration of cytochrome C (ng / g protein), caspase-9(ng / g protein), 8-hydroxy-2' — deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (ng/g protein), malondialdehyde (MDA) (nM / g protein)was determined in mitochondrial liver samples using test systems by enzyme immunoassay; by the biochemical method-the amount of protein (mg / ml) — by the biuretic method. Results. Me3 in both series of the experiment showed itself as a more pronounced antioxidant than Me5, which did not show its antioxidant properties. In group I animals, there were no statistically significant differences in the level of MDA and Cit C in relation to the control group, no mitDNA damage was detected, but K9 activity increased by 17%. With the introduction of Me5, the value of the MDA indicator increased by 55.5%, 8 — OHdG by 12.4% and Cit C by 66.2%. In group IV, the amount of MDA as the final product of lipid peroxidation (POL) increased by 13.6%, in group V by 22.5%. With the introduction of Me3, the level of Cit C was reduced by 23.5%, with the introduction of Me5, on the contrary, it was slightly increased. K9 activity was reduced in both experimental groups, by 9.6% and 17.3%, respectively. Discussion. Hybrid OOS containing a fragment of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol have a dual structure. The tin-containing component is prooxidant, and the radical of the spatially hindered phenol, on the contrary, is antioxidant. It is the different ratio of the described fragments in the molecules of the substances under study, in our opinion, that led to the appearance of different degrees of influence on the metabolism of mitochondria. Conclusion. Both substances that modulate changes in oxidative stress and the activity of apoptotic processes are recommended for further research as antitumor medicinal agents.

scholarly journals Effect of Notrombel on systemic hemodynamics and thrombin tolerance in the in vivo experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
D. L. Sonin ◽  
I. N. Dementeva ◽  
S. G. Chefu
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Hemodynamic Effect ◽  
Systemic Hemodynamics ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Intravenous Bolus ◽  
New Class ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Objectives. The aim of the study was to investigate of the effect of administration of Notrombel, (one of the representatives of a new class of compounds, N,N'-substituted piperazines), on systemic hemodynamics and thrombin tolerance. Material and methods. The effect of daily intragastric administration for 14 days of Notrombel (0.01 mM/kg) and ASA (0.01 mM/kg) on the risk of spontaneous hemorrhages and thrombin tolerance (intravenous bolus thrombin administration at a dose of 50 units NIH/kg) was studied in male Wistar rats. The number of circulating platelets was determined before and 5 minutes after thrombin administration. The concentration of fibrinogen after 30 min was determined by the gravimetric method according to Rutberg R. A. Results. With the daily intragastric administration of Notrombel and ASA, spontaneous hemorrhages and increased bleeding were not observed. Blood pressure and heart rate did not differ from the control animals. Intravenous administration of thrombin caused thrombocytopenia and hypofibrinogenemia in all experimental animals. The severity of hypofibrinogenemia after thrombin administration was significantly less in rats treated with Notrombel (0.01 mM/kg) and ASA (0.01 mM/kg) than in the control group. There were no differences between Notreblel and ASA groups. Conclusions. Daily intragastric administration of Notrombel and ASA for 14 days did not cause spontaneous hemorrhages and were not associated with any adverse hemodynamic effect. Both Notrombel and ASA increased tolerance to thrombin. These data broaden the currently available knowledge related to the antithrombotic action of Notrombel.

scholarly journals FIRST LINE ANTI-RETRO VIRAL DRUGS DISRUPTS THE ESTRUS CYCLE OF WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Dr Aigbe Gregory Ohihoin
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Therapy Group ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Estrus Cycle ◽  
First Line ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Human Females ◽  
Female Wistar Rats

Background: Patients with HIV AIDS are beginning to live longer and healthier lives due to the use of ARV therapy. The effect of long term usage of these agents on the reproductive potential of human females has not been well studied. The study of the estrus cycle in rats will give information on the possible effect of ARV's on the reproductive potential of humans.Aims: To elucidate the effects of the first-line ARV's, Efavirenz, Tenofovir and Lamivudine administered in a combined fashion, on the oestrous cycle of adult female Wistar rats.Material and Methods: Twenty-five female Wistar rats with a mean weight of 158.76g were used. A total of five groups of rats were involved in the study. Five rats were apportioned to each study group. All three ARV's were administered orally in a combined fashion to a particular group of Female Wistar rats and also administered individually to other groups while the control group received water. The estrous cycles of various groups of rats were monitored via microscopic analysis of their vaginal smearsResults: The control group had a consistently regular cycle, while the cycles of the rats in the combination therapy group and the rats that received efavirenz alone, became elongated relative to the control group. There was a 48-hour enlongated proestrous phase some of the rats.Conclusions: First-line ARV's - Tenofovir, Efavirenz, and Lamivudine- disrupt the estrous cycle of adult rats. Further investigation of the long term usage of these drugs on the menstrual cycle of human females is therefore necessary

Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
pp. 676-681
Author(s):  
V.V. Sapozhnikova ◽  
◽  
A.L. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Lyme Borreliosis ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Acute Infection ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Component Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Multifactorial Analysis ◽  
Specific Antibodies

Aim: to determine the association between clinical laboratory parameters, the production of cytokines (IL-17A, -23, -33, -35), and specific IgM and IgG in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Patients and Methods: complete blood count, the concentrations of IL-17A, -23, -33, -35, and the levels of specific IgM and IgG were measured during acute infection and convalescence (n=30). The control group included age- and sex-matched healthy individuals (n=30). Statistical analysis was performed using the StatSoft Statistica v 10.0 software (parametric and non-parametric methods and multifactorial analysis, i.e., principal component analysis). Results: most (80%) patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans are the people of working age. In most patients, the combination of the specific antibodies against Borrelia afzelii and Borrelia garinii (76.7%) and severe intoxication and inflammatory process (100%) were detected. Moderate and severe disease associated with meningism was diagnosed in 90% and 10%, respectively. The mean duration of hectic period was 8.3±1.27 days. Abnormal ECG was reported in 40% of patients, i.e., conduction abnormalities in 20%, sinus bradycardia in 16.7%,and sinus tachycardia in 3.3%. The clinical laboratory signs of hepatitis without jaundice were identified in 26.7%. During treatment, the significant reduction in band and segmented neutrophil counts as well as the significant increase in platelet count were revealed compared to these parameters at admission. Abnormal cytokine levels (i.e., the increase in IL-17A, -23, -33 and the deficiency of IL-35) were detected. Conclusions: multifactorial analysis has demonstrated that the severity of immunological abnormalities in patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans is associated with fever, cardiac and liver disorders, the high levels of IL-23 and IL-33, and the lack of IL-35 and specific IgM and IgG. KEYWORDS: tick-borne borreliosis, Lyme disease without erythema migrans, clinical laboratory signs, cytokines, specific antibodies, multifactorial analysis, principal component analysis. FOR CITATION: Sapozhnikova V.V., Bondarenko A.L. Multifactorial analysis of clinical laboratory signs, the levels of IL-17A, IL-23, IL-33, IL-35, and specific antibodies in the serum of patients with Lyme borreliosis without erythema migrans. Russian Medical Inquiry. 2020;4(11):676–681. DOI: 10.32364/2587-6821-2020-4-11-676-681.

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