Effect of deoxynivalenol on the levels of toll-like receptors 2 and 9 and their mRNA expression in enterocytes in the porcine large intestine: a preliminary study

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Dąbrowski ◽  
E. Jakimiuk ◽  
M. Gajęcka ◽  
M.T. Gajęcki ◽  
Ł. Zielonka
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Local Immune Response ◽  
Ascending Colon ◽  
Immune Disorders ◽  
The World ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Tlr2 Mrna

Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most prevalent mycotoxins in the world, and is capable of inducing immune disorders in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of feed contaminated with DON on the number of TLR2- and TLR9-positive cells and their mRNA expression in the porcine large intestine. The experiment was conducted on two equal groups of pigs (n=4). The experimental group (E) was administered feed contaminated with DON (1008 μg/kg of feed) for 6 weeks, and the control group (C) was administered non-contaminated feed over the same period of time. A decrease in the expression of TLR2 mRNA was noted in the cecum. The percentage of TLR9-positive enterocytes increased in the ascending colon and decreased in the cecum. The results of this study indicate that DON can modify the local immune response by changing the expression of TLRs.

scholarly journals Effect of real-time ultrasound imaging for biofeedback on trunk muscle contraction in healthy subjects: a preliminary study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Lin ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Yiyi Zheng ◽  
Guozhi Huang ◽  
Qing Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visual Biofeedback ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background: Real-time ultrasound imaging (RUSI) has been increasingly used as a form of biofeedback when instructing and re-training muscle contraction. However, the effectiveness of the RUSI on a single sustained contraction of the lumbar multifidus (LM) and transversus abdominis (TrA) has rarely been reported. This preliminary study aimed to determine if the use of RUSI, as visual biofeedback, could enhance the ability of activation and continuous contraction of the trunk muscles including LM and TrA.Methods: Forty healthy individuals were included and randomly assigned into the experimental group and control group. All subjects performed a preferential activation of the LM and/or TrA (maintained the constraction of LM and/or TrA for 30 seconds and then relaxed for two minutes), while those in the experimental group also received visual feedback provided by RUSI. The thickness of LM and/or TrA at rest and during contraction (Tc-max, T15s, and T30s) were extracted and recorded. The experiment was repeated three times.Results: No significant differences were found in the thickness of LM at rest (P > 0.999), Tc-max (P > 0.999), and T15s (P = 0.414) between the two groups. However, the ability to recruit LM muscle contraction differed between groups at T30s (P = 0.006), with subjects in the experimental group that received visual ultrasound biofeedback maintaining a relative maximum contraction. Besides, no significant differences were found in the TrA muscle thickness at rest (P > 0.999) and Tc-max (P > 0.999) between the two groups. However, significant differences of contraction thickness were found at T15s (P = 0.031) and T30s (P = 0.010) between the two groups during the Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver (ADIM), with greater TrA muscle contraction thickness in the experimental group.Conclusions: RUSI can be used to provide visual biofeedback, which can promote continuous contraction, and improve the ability to activate the LM and TrA muscles in healthy subjects.

scholarly journals A Subpressor Dose of Angiotensin II Elevates Blood Pressure in a Normotensive Rat Model by Oxidative Stress

2015 ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. GOVENDER ◽  
A. NADAR
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

Oxidative stress is an imbalance between free radicals and antioxidants, and is an important etiological factor in the development of hypertension. Recent experimental evidence suggests that subpressor doses of angiotensin II elevate oxidative stress and blood pressure. We aimed to investigate the oxidative stress related mechanism by which a subpressor dose of angiotensin II induces hypertension in a normotensive rat model. Normotensive male Wistar rats were infused with a subpressor dose of angiotensin II for 28 days. The control group was sham operated and infused with saline only. Plasma angiotensin II and H2O2 levels, whole-blood glutathione peroxidase, and AT-1a, Cu/Zn SOD, and p22phox mRNA expression in the aorta was assessed. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were elevated in the experimental group. There was no change in angiotensin II levels, but a significant increase in AT-1a mRNA expression was found in the experimental group. mRNA expression of p22phox was increased significantly and Cu/Zn SOD decreased significantly in the experimental group. There was no significant change to the H2O2 and GPx levels. Angiotensin II manipulates the free radical-antioxidant balance in the vasculature by selectively increasing O2− production and decreasing SOD activity and causes an oxidative stress induced elevation in blood pressure in the Wistar rat.

scholarly journals Piglets produced by transfer of embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization of oocytes matured in vitro with thymosin: A case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (03) ◽  
pp. 6356-2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATARZYNA PONIEDZIAŁEK-KEMPNY ◽  
BARBARA GAJDA ◽  
IWONA RAJSKA ◽  
LECHOSŁAW GAJDA ◽  
ZDZISŁAW SMORĄG
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Birth ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Group

The aim of the study was to examine the in vivo viability of in vitro-produced (IVP) porcine embryos obtained from oocytes matured with thymosin. The research material for this study consisted of immature pig oocytes obtained from ovaries after slaughter and ejaculated semen obtained from one boar. The immature oocytes were cultured in vitro until the metaphase II stage in a medium supplemented with thymosin (TMS). The presumptive zygotes obtained were cultured in vitro for 4-40 hours. The presumptive zygotes and 2-4-cell embryos were evaluated in vivo after transferring them to synchronized recipients. After the transfer of embryos from the experimental group into 2 recipients (50 embryos into each gilt) and the transfer of 50 embryos from the control group into 1 recipient, both gilts that had received embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization of oocytes matured with TMS became pregnant and delivered a total of 16 live piglets. After the transfer of embryos from the control group, no pregnancy was achieved. In conclusion, the results of our preliminary study suggest that the maturation of pig oocytes with thymosin supports the in vivo survival of in vitro produced embryos. It is important to note, that this was the first birth of piglets obtained after transfer of IVP embryos in Poland.

scholarly journals The Impact of Saffron on Symptoms of Withdrawal Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Treatment for Opioid Addiction in Sabzevar Parish in 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Nemat Shahi ◽  
Atefeh Asadi ◽  
Elham Behnam Talab ◽  
Mahbobeh Nemat Shahi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Withdrawal Syndrome ◽  
Addiction Treatment ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Opioid Addiction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The World ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group

Background and Objective. Drug dependence is one of the serious problems around the world. Saffron is one of those beneficial medicinal plants which is embedded with a similar mechanism to methadone (e.g., inhibition of serotonin reuptake). Thus, it can be helpful in reducing the withdrawal symptoms. The aim of this study was to reduce the daily dose of methadone usage and reduce its side effects using saffron in the form of medicinal supplements.Methodology. This study was categorized as a clinical trial. Accordingly, 44 clients of addiction treatment centers in Sabzevar parish were randomly selected to participate in this study in 2016–2017. While the experimental group was treated with methadone syrup and self-made saffron capsules, the control group received methadone syrup and placebo capsules.Results. The results showed that the use of saffron and methadone alleviated the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome (p<0.001).Conclusion. Having reviewed the research participants, it was indicated that the introduction of saffron alleviated the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome in patients undergoing maintenance treatment for opioid addiction. Thus, it seems rational to make use of saffron in combination with methadone in order to alleviate the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome.

scholarly journals Protein-synthesizing function of the liver of cows at experimental fasciolosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
D. V. Frejuk ◽  
V. V. Stybel
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
Causative Agent ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Proteins ◽  
Functional Connection ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
The World ◽  
Experimental Group

Cattle fasciolosis is quite widespread in the world, including in Ukraine. Animal blood proteins, being in close functional connection with proteins of various tissues, reflect the changes that occur in the tissues and organs of the body during disorders of their metabolic processes caused by pathological factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of total protein and its fractions in the blood of cows in experimental fasciolosis. 12 cows of 4–5 years of age, black-spotted breed, were selected for experiment, out of which 2 groups were formed, six animals in each. Animals in the control group were clinically healthy. Animals of the experimental group were experimentally infected with adolescents. During the research, the rules of compulsory experiments were followed - selection and keeping of analogue animals in groups. The cows' diet was balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals. In the study of protein-sensitizing function of the liver of cows, it was found that during fasciolosis invasion, the content of total protein decreased by 13.8 %. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin and an increase in globulins. Thus, in fasciological invasion of cows, the level of albumin in the serum decreased by 24.4 %, and the level of globulins increased by 7.9 %. The value of the albumin / globulin ratio in the blood of infested cows with the causative agent of fasciolosis is quite indicative. It was found that the albumin-globulin ratio in the blood of cows of the experimental group was probably lower compared to the control group of animals. This value of the coefficient, of course, indicates the suppression of protein-synthesizing function of the liver in these periods of research. In the future it is planned to investigate the functional state of the liver of cows with experimental fasciolosis.

scholarly journals Development of a Psychoeducational Program in Emotional Intelligence for Primary Caregivers of Alzheimer Patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-266
Author(s):  
Esther Sitges Maciá ◽  
Beatriz Bonete López
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Social Skills ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Primary Caregivers ◽  
Psychoeducational Intervention ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychoeducational Program ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Group

In early 2000 the first steps in the empirical evidence of the effects that a good emotional intelligence (EI ) can have on people, however, despite the benefits of studied this construct in various fields such as education, labor or health, there are not many studies focusing on the study of skills that EI has on caregivers of Alzheimer. In this paper Social Skills and IE caregivers of Alzheimer patients are evaluated. A psychoeducational intervention to 21 informal caregivers of Alzheimer's patients with an experimental group and a control group in the Alzheimer associations of Alicante and Elche. After surgery, it is observed that the levels of emotional IE in the experimental group were maintained. Caregivers verbalized an improvement after surgery. We believe that the results are good as a preliminary study and it would be interesting to expand both the number of hours of the workshop as the subject in order to generalize the results.

scholarly journals Effect of real-time ultrasound imaging for biofeedback on trunk muscle contraction in healthy subjects: a preliminary study

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Lin ◽  
Bo Zhu ◽  
Yiyi Zheng ◽  
Guozhi Huang ◽  
Qi Zeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Contraction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Transversus Abdominis ◽  
Trunk Muscles ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visual Biofeedback ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background Real-time ultrasound imaging (RUSI) has been increasingly used as a form of biofeedback when instructing and re-training muscle contraction. However, the effectiveness of the RUSI on a single sustained contraction of the lumbar multifidus (LM) and transversus abdominis (TrA) has rarely been reported. This preliminary study aimed to determine if the use of RUSI, as visual biofeedback, could enhance the ability of activation and continuous contraction of the trunk muscles including LM and TrA. Methods Forty healthy individuals were included and randomly assigned into the experimental group and control group. All subjects performed a preferential activation of the LM and/or TrA (maintained the constraction of LM and/or TrA for 30 s and then relaxed for 2 min), while those in the experimental group also received visual feedback provided by RUSI. The thickness of LM and/or TrA at rest and during contraction (Tc-max, T15s, and T30s) were extracted and recorded. The experiment was repeated three times. Results No significant differences were found in the thickness of LM at rest (P > 0.999), Tc-max (P > 0.999), and T15s (P = 0.414) between the two groups. However, the ability to recruit LM muscle contraction differed between groups at T30s (P = 0.006), with subjects in the experimental group that received visual ultrasound biofeedback maintaining a relative maximum contraction. Besides, no significant differences were found in the TrA muscle thickness at rest (P > 0.999) and Tc-max (P > 0.999) between the two groups. However, significant differences of contraction thickness were found at T15s (P = 0.031) and T30s (P = 0.010) between the two groups during the Abdominal Drawing-in Maneuver (ADIM), with greater TrA muscle contraction thickness in the experimental group. Conclusions RUSI can be used to provide visual biofeedback, which can promote continuous contraction, and improve the ability to activate the LM and TrA muscles in healthy subjects.

scholarly journals Prospective Clinical Study of Postoperative Individualized Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Patients with Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Based on mRNA Expression of the Molecular Markers RRM1, TUBB3, and ERCC1

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jingyao Li ◽  
Yang Qiu ◽  
Junxiu Yi ◽  
Xi Liu ◽  
Shixin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Small Cell Lung Cancer ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Chemotherapy Regimen ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Selection Of

Objective. To investigate the clinical significance of the mRNA expression of RRM1, TUBB3, and ERCC1 in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues for the selection of adjuvant/postoperative chemotherapy regimens. Methods. Patients diagnosed with stage Ib-IIIa NSCLC were enrolled and randomly divided into a control group (undetected group) and an experimental group (detected group) after radical operation. The control group randomly received chemotherapy with gemcitabine plus cisplatin or paclitaxel plus cisplatin. The mRNA expression of RRM1, TUBB3, and ERCC1 was detected in the experimental group before chemotherapy, and based on the detected expression, the chemotherapy regimen of cisplatin plus gemcitabine or cisplatin plus paclitaxel was chosen. The disease-free survival (DFS) of the control group and experimental group was compared. Results. Pathological type, stage, gene expression detection, and treatment method were not significantly correlated with DFS ( P > 0.05 ). In the subgroups treated with gemcitabine, the median DFS was 17 months in the detected group and 10.5 months in the undetected group (hazard ratio = 0.2147, 95% confidence interval: 0.07909–0.5827, P = 0.0025 ). Multivariate regression analysis was performed to analyse whether gene expression detection was independently correlated with DFS in the subgroups treated with gemcitabine ( P = 0.025 ). In the detected group, the prognosis of patients with low expression of RRM1 was better than that of patients with high expression of RRM1 after paclitaxel treatment ( P = 0.0039 ). Conclusions. The selection of chemotherapy regimen based on mRNA expression of the RRM1, TUBB3, and ERCC1 genes may improve selection of candidate patients to receive clinical chemotherapy. However, large-scale prospective clinical studies are needed for in-depth investigation.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Esterases Profiling of diabetes-induced rat and tissues compartmentalisation.

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adedoja Wusu
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Defence Mechanism ◽  
Glutathione S Transferase ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Different Tissues

Enormous complications associated with diabetes contribute to the therapeutic challenge confronting most of the world, including developing countries. This study was carried out to investigate diabetes mellitus on esterases and antioxidant enzymes in different tissues compartments of rats. Animals were divided into two groups of 10 animals each. The experimental group was confirmed diabetic by a single dose of streptozotocin injection (STZ, freshly dissolved in citrate buffer, pH 4.5, 50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In contrast, the control group was injected with citrate buffer only. Blood glucose and weight of the animals were monitored for 7 days. Blood, liver and brain were removed, and biochemical parameters determined spectrophotometrically. Diabetes produced various degrees of alterations in antioxidant defence mechanism and esterases activities that are compartment specific. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was inhibited to various extents. While AChE was inhibited to the tune of 39% in plasma, 33% in the brain and 30% in the liver, activation of the activity was observed in the red blood cell (RBC). The same trend of significant (p < 0.001) inhibition was observed with arylesterase in the plasma, brain and liver, and activation in the RBC. Diabetes induced significant (p<0.001) inhibition in catalase, Glutathione-S-transferase, and Superoxide dismutase in the brain and liver, respectively, compared to control more than the other compartments. However, activation was also observed in the RBC of these enzymes except for catalase and nitric oxide. In conclusion, distinct compartments effects of diabetes observed in this study could suggest a new approach for effective and safer therapeutics.

scholarly journals RANCANGAN PELATIHAN PENGUCAPAN KATA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KELANCARAN MEMBACA SISWA KELAS 1 SD

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-97
Author(s):  
Rawdhah Binti Yasa
Keyword(s):  
Reading Fluency ◽  
Reading Ability ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

The aim of this study as a preliminary study in developing the exercises to improve reading fluency of students grade 1of Primary School (SD). The study used a quasi- experimental method with Nonequivalent Control Group Design. The subjects were seven students in 1st grade, with age 7-8 years old, which consists of four students as an experimental group that received exercises of pronunciation as much as six times with a duration of 30-40 minutes and three students as a control group. Data on reading fluency obtained by measuring the average score of subject’s reading ability within one minute. Measuring instrument used was a single paragraph which consists of a series of words / syllables that need to be mastered by children aged 7 years old. In this exercise the students practice for using their speech muscles suit the phonetic rules, so that the resulting pronunciation becomes more precise. The results showed that in the control group there was no increase reading fluency, while in the experimental group there was three student has increased their reading fluency but not to the another one. However, there were changing in the aspects of speed and accuracy among all subjects who received the pronunciation exercises.

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