Antioxidant and Esterases Profiling of diabetes-induced rat and tissues compartmentalisation.

Enormous complications associated with diabetes contribute to the therapeutic challenge confronting most of the world, including developing countries. This study was carried out to investigate diabetes mellitus on esterases and antioxidant enzymes in different tissues compartments of rats. Animals were divided into two groups of 10 animals each. The experimental group was confirmed diabetic by a single dose of streptozotocin injection (STZ, freshly dissolved in citrate buffer, pH 4.5, 50 mg/kg) intraperitoneally. In contrast, the control group was injected with citrate buffer only. Blood glucose and weight of the animals were monitored for 7 days. Blood, liver and brain were removed, and biochemical parameters determined spectrophotometrically. Diabetes produced various degrees of alterations in antioxidant defence mechanism and esterases activities that are compartment specific. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity was inhibited to various extents. While AChE was inhibited to the tune of 39% in plasma, 33% in the brain and 30% in the liver, activation of the activity was observed in the red blood cell (RBC). The same trend of significant (p < 0.001) inhibition was observed with arylesterase in the plasma, brain and liver, and activation in the RBC. Diabetes induced significant (p<0.001) inhibition in catalase, Glutathione-S-transferase, and Superoxide dismutase in the brain and liver, respectively, compared to control more than the other compartments. However, activation was also observed in the RBC of these enzymes except for catalase and nitric oxide. In conclusion, distinct compartments effects of diabetes observed in this study could suggest a new approach for effective and safer therapeutics.

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Effect of deoxynivalenol on the levels of toll-like receptors 2 and 9 and their mRNA expression in enterocytes in the porcine large intestine: a preliminary study

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.1515/pjvs-2017-0026 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 213-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Dąbrowski ◽

E. Jakimiuk ◽

M. Gajęcka ◽

M.T. Gajęcki ◽

Ł. Zielonka

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Large Intestine ◽

Control Group ◽

Local Immune Response ◽

Ascending Colon ◽

Immune Disorders ◽

The World ◽

Preliminary Study ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Tlr2 Mrna

Abstract Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most prevalent mycotoxins in the world, and is capable of inducing immune disorders in humans and animals. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of feed contaminated with DON on the number of TLR2- and TLR9-positive cells and their mRNA expression in the porcine large intestine. The experiment was conducted on two equal groups of pigs (n=4). The experimental group (E) was administered feed contaminated with DON (1008 μg/kg of feed) for 6 weeks, and the control group (C) was administered non-contaminated feed over the same period of time. A decrease in the expression of TLR2 mRNA was noted in the cecum. The percentage of TLR9-positive enterocytes increased in the ascending colon and decreased in the cecum. The results of this study indicate that DON can modify the local immune response by changing the expression of TLRs.

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Dynamics of the Antioxidant System and Endogenous Intoxication in Patients Being Treated for Microbial Eczema

Kuban Scientific Medical Bulletin ◽

10.25207/1608-6228-2019-26-4-56-65 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 56-65

Author(s):

М. M. Tlish ◽

Е. К. Popandopulo

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Blood Plasma ◽

Antioxidant System ◽

Catalase Activity ◽

Reduced Glutathione ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Molecular Weight ◽

Antioxidant Defence ◽

Endogenous Intoxication ◽

Experimental Group

Aim. The paper studies the dynamics of the indicators defi ning the antioxidant system (AOS) and endogenous intoxication in patients with microbial eczema (ME) prior to and following treatment.Materials and methods. The experimental group consisted of patients with ME (n=30) and the control group comprising somatically healthy individuals (n=30). In this study, we determined the components of the antioxidant defence system in blood plasma and erythrocyte suspension, as well as assessed endogenous intoxication.Results. The study revealed an imbalance of indicators refl ecting the severity of oxidative stress and endogenous intoxication in patients suffering from ME. Prior to receiving treatment, the experimental group, as compared to the control group, exhibited an increase in catalase activity (CAT) up to 35.93 [32.50; 38.22] mmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) up to 1194.27 [1069.50; 1375.78] μmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001). In addition, there was a decrease in the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) to 13.28 [11.35; 14.10] u/l (p < 0.001), glutathione reductase (GR) to 501.46 [479.77; 542.52] mmol / (min • l) (p < 0.001) and the concentration of reduced glutathione to 1.64 [1.59; 1.78] μmol / ml (p = 0.043). We observed no statistically signifi cant changes in the total antioxidant activity (TAA) of blood plasma (0.59 [0.55;0.62] mg/l; р = 0.375) and the sulphhydryl groups (0.44 [0.41;0.47] ODU; р =0.111). The patients with ME exhibited the syndrome of endogenous intoxication (SEI), accompanied by an increase in the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules in plasma to 12.19 [11.20; 13.37] arb. u. (p < 0.001), with their content in erythrocytes being relatively normal – 15.23 [14.26; 16.44] arb. u. (p = 0.005). Following the treatment, changes in the studied parameters were of a multidirectional character in relation to the control values. An increased level of CAT and GPx (р <0,001), as well as lower values of SOD and GR, continued to be observed (р < 0.001). The TAA in serum (p = 0.308), sulphhydryl groups (p = 0.111) and reduced glutathione (p = 0.107) did not differ signifi cantly from the control values. The treatment did not reverse the SEI: the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules continued to increase in both plasma and erythrocytes, as compared to the control values (p < 0.001 in both cases).Conclusion. The obtained data confi rm the failure of mechanisms underlying antioxidant defence in patients with ME. Despite the attempt of its compensation by increasing the catalase activity, SOD control values were still not reached. An increase in the GPx activity along with a decrease in GR was observed, which could have lead, in turn, to a decrease in the concentration of reduced glutathione. The failure of the antioxidant defence mechanisms is also indicated by an increase in the content of medium and low molecular weight molecules, as well as by the development of the SEI, resulting from the excessive formation of reactive oxygen species and the inability of the antioxidant system to neutralise them.

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The effects of nanofatty acids on the nervous system

Materials Express ◽

10.1166/mex.2020.1837 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 1831-1835

Author(s):

Wei Hao ◽

Cuiui Wang ◽

Jia Song ◽

Ping Zhao ◽

Gang Li

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Nervous System ◽

Brain Homogenate ◽

Control Group ◽

Reduced Body ◽

Malondialdehyde Content ◽

The Brain ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Plasma Malondialdehyde ◽

Total Superoxide Dismutase

To investigate the effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (nanofatty acids) on the nervous system, 90 clean female mice aged 3?5 weeks old were randomly divided into two groups (n = 45). The experimental group was injected with nanofatty acids once every other day for a total of three times, while the control group was injected with the same volume of normal saline. The behavior, weight, plasma, malondialdehyde content in the brain homogenate, and total superoxide disodium alcohol were assessed after the treatments. Mice treated with nanofatty acid were easily provoked, hyperactive, and had significantly reduced body weight as compared to the control mice (P <0.05). These findings suggest that polyunsaturated fatty acid can reduce the levels of lipid peroxidation and the activity of total superoxide dismutase in mice. Our results suggest that nanofatty acid exposure has a protect effect on the nervous system.

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The Impact of Saffron on Symptoms of Withdrawal Syndrome in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Treatment for Opioid Addiction in Sabzevar Parish in 2017

Advances in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/1079132 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Nemat Shahi ◽

Atefeh Asadi ◽

Elham Behnam Talab ◽

Mahbobeh Nemat Shahi

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Withdrawal Syndrome ◽

Addiction Treatment ◽

Maintenance Treatment ◽

Opioid Addiction ◽

Control Group ◽

The World ◽

Daily Dose ◽

The Impact ◽

Experimental Group

Background and Objective. Drug dependence is one of the serious problems around the world. Saffron is one of those beneficial medicinal plants which is embedded with a similar mechanism to methadone (e.g., inhibition of serotonin reuptake). Thus, it can be helpful in reducing the withdrawal symptoms. The aim of this study was to reduce the daily dose of methadone usage and reduce its side effects using saffron in the form of medicinal supplements.Methodology. This study was categorized as a clinical trial. Accordingly, 44 clients of addiction treatment centers in Sabzevar parish were randomly selected to participate in this study in 2016–2017. While the experimental group was treated with methadone syrup and self-made saffron capsules, the control group received methadone syrup and placebo capsules.Results. The results showed that the use of saffron and methadone alleviated the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome (p<0.001).Conclusion. Having reviewed the research participants, it was indicated that the introduction of saffron alleviated the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome in patients undergoing maintenance treatment for opioid addiction. Thus, it seems rational to make use of saffron in combination with methadone in order to alleviate the symptoms of withdrawal syndrome.

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The Effect of Brain Gym on the Learning Concentration of Student in STIKES NU Tuban

Jurnal Keperawatan ◽

10.22219/jk.v11i1.10186 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 46

Author(s):

Hyan Oktodia Basuki ◽

Hanim Nur Faizah

Keyword(s):

Student Learning ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Control Group ◽

Test Results ◽

Working Ability ◽

Systematic Random Sampling ◽

Brain Gym ◽

Implementation Time ◽

The Brain ◽

Experimental Group

Introduction: Concentration is an important aspect for a person in achieving learning and is related to the working ability of the brain. Maximum brain performance increases concentration, so that changes in parts of the brain also occur so there will be a decrease in the level of concentration. Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the influence of the brain gym on student learning at STIKES NU Tuban. Method: The design of this study was Quasy Experimental by designing a pretest-posttest with a control group. The sample uses a systematic random sampling taken by 26 respondents (13 experimental group respondents and 13 control group respondents). Data collection using a questionnaire. Analysis using the Mann Whitney test. Results: Asymp results were obtained. Sig. = 0,000 which means the help of the composition of brain gym for the concentration of student learning. Discussion: Giving brain gym intervention as an ice breaker can make a good contribution to the concentration of student learning. Brain gym can be applied to students, just before the lesson starts or in the middle of the lesson, and the implementation time is approximately 10-15 minutes.

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Protein-synthesizing function of the liver of cows at experimental fasciolosis

Ukrainian Journal of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.32718/ujvas4-1.03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 12-15

Author(s):

D. V. Frejuk ◽

V. V. Stybel

Keyword(s):

Functional State ◽

Causative Agent ◽

Total Protein ◽

The Body ◽

Control Group ◽

Blood Proteins ◽

Functional Connection ◽

Animal Blood ◽

The World ◽

Experimental Group

Cattle fasciolosis is quite widespread in the world, including in Ukraine. Animal blood proteins, being in close functional connection with proteins of various tissues, reflect the changes that occur in the tissues and organs of the body during disorders of their metabolic processes caused by pathological factors. The aim of the study was to investigate the level of total protein and its fractions in the blood of cows in experimental fasciolosis. 12 cows of 4–5 years of age, black-spotted breed, were selected for experiment, out of which 2 groups were formed, six animals in each. Animals in the control group were clinically healthy. Animals of the experimental group were experimentally infected with adolescents. During the research, the rules of compulsory experiments were followed - selection and keeping of analogue animals in groups. The cows' diet was balanced in terms of nutrients and minerals. In the study of protein-sensitizing function of the liver of cows, it was found that during fasciolosis invasion, the content of total protein decreased by 13.8 %. These changes were due to a decrease in albumin and an increase in globulins. Thus, in fasciological invasion of cows, the level of albumin in the serum decreased by 24.4 %, and the level of globulins increased by 7.9 %. The value of the albumin / globulin ratio in the blood of infested cows with the causative agent of fasciolosis is quite indicative. It was found that the albumin-globulin ratio in the blood of cows of the experimental group was probably lower compared to the control group of animals. This value of the coefficient, of course, indicates the suppression of protein-synthesizing function of the liver in these periods of research. In the future it is planned to investigate the functional state of the liver of cows with experimental fasciolosis.

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Effects of the Brain Wave Modulation Technique Administered Online on Stress, Anxiety, Global Distress, and Affect During the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.635877 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Mauro Cozzolino ◽

Giovanna Celia ◽

Laura Girelli ◽

Pierpaolo Limone

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Brain Wave ◽

Face To Face ◽

Wave Modulation ◽

Modulation Technique ◽

Before And After ◽

The Brain ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Global Distress

This study aims to evaluate the effects of an innovative mind-body practice named the brain wave modulation technique (BWM-T) on stress, anxiety, global distress, and affect. The technique was administered online through a web-based video conferencing platform. The intervention started on week four of the first quarantine in Italy (week commencing 30th March 2020), for a duration of 4 weeks and ended before lockdown measures were loosened. 310 people participated in the study, mean age 28.73 years old (SD = 9.16), 77.8% women. Of these, about half were randomly assigned to the experimental group and the other half served as controls. Participants completed online psychological tests before and after the intervention. 266 people (144 experimental, 122 controls) completed the post-intervention tests. Consistent with our hypothesis, the study’s findings indicate a reduction in the levels of stress, anxiety, global distress, and negative affect in the experimental group, compared to the control group. Moreover, the experimental group also showed higher levels of positive affect, compared to controls after the intervention. The present findings add to the current literature in suggesting that the BWM-T reduced stress not only when administered face-to face but also when administered online during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, we also noted that the BWM-T has an effect on anxiety, global distress, and affect, which we had not investigated in previous studies.

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Intercultural Tolerance Formation at Higher Education Institutions

Revista Romaneasca pentru Educatie Multidimensionala ◽

10.18662/rrem/13.1sup1/398 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (1Sup1) ◽

Author(s):

Inna Yerastova-Mykhalus ◽

Alla Savytska

Keyword(s):

Higher Education ◽

Extracurricular Activities ◽

Personal Development ◽

Higher Education Institutions ◽

Education Institution ◽

Average Level ◽

Control Group ◽

New Approach ◽

Scientific Problem ◽

Experimental Group

The aim of the article is to present the main peculiarities of the process of intercultural tolerance formation at higher education institution and the results of implementation of the pedagogical technology of future masters intercultural tolerance formation developed by the authors. A new approach to solving the scientific problem of increasing the level of intercultural tolerance of future masters is based on organizing the process of intercultural tolerance formation as an integral pedagogical process, based on strengthening interdisciplinary links, introduction of adequate sequential pedagogical technology as well as during extracurricular activities that will contribute to the personal development of future masters. The results of the survey conducted before the implementation of a new pedagogical technology showed that the majority of future masters had mostly low and average level of intercultural tolerance that did not allow them to work efficiently with the representatives of foreign cultures. The pedagogical experiment, the goal of which was to check the efficiency of the implementation of the developed pedagogical technology of the formation of future masters intercultural tolerance, proved the effectiveness of the proposed technology and confirmed the formulated hypothesis of the study. The majority of future masters in the experimental group reached the average and the high levels of intercultural tolerance, while the results of intercultural tolerance formation in the control group, where students were taught in the traditional way, showed a slight dynamics at the average level.

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Pengaruh Brain Gym terhadap Konsentrasi Belajar Siswa Kelas IX IPA dalam Pembelajaran Matematika di SMA XYZ Tangerang [The Effects of Brain Gym in Helping Students' Concentration in Learning Math in Grade XI Science at XYZ Senior High School Tangerang]

Polyglot Jurnal Ilmiah ◽

10.19166/pji.v14i1.438 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 39

Author(s):

Tica Chyquitita ◽

Yonathan Winardi ◽

Dylmoon Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Brain Gym ◽

Group Design ◽

Alpha Level ◽

Post Test ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

The Brain ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Bahasa Indonesia

Math is considered to be one of the subjects that make it difficult for students to concentrate during the learning process because their brains become tired and tense. One of the most popular and trusted ways to improve learning is by using a 'gym gym' approach. Therefore, the researchers wanted to see whether the 'gym gym' approach could improve learning concentration. The research used a quasi-experimental post-test only control group design. The population was the students of class XI Science Basic General Math A and B, while the sample was 15 students from XI Science B as the experimental group. Using the Mann-Whitney U-test with an alpha level of 0.05 indicated the asymptote Sig of 0.001 <0.05. This means that the concentration of learning in the experimental group was lower than that of the control group so it is concluded that the ‘brain gym’ approach did not significantly affect students’ concentrationBAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRAK: Matematika menjadi salah satu pelajaran sulit yang menyebabkan siswa susah untuk berkonsentrasi selama belajar karena otak menjadi lelah dan tegang. Salah satu cara yang populer dan dipercaya dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi belajar adalah brain gym. Sehingga peneliti ingin melihat apakah terdapat pengaruh brain gym terhadap konsentrasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini menggunakan kuasi eksperimen desain post-test only control group. Populasi penelitian ini adalah kelas XI IPA A dan B dengan sampel 15 siswa dari kelas XI IPA B sebagai kelompok kontrol dan 15 siswa dari kelas XI IPA A sebagai kelompok eksperimen. Dengan menggunakan Mann-Whitney U-test dengan tingkat alfa 0,05 menunjukkan asymp. Sig sebesar 0,001<0,05. Hal ini berarti konsentrasi belajar pada kelompok eksperimen lebih rendah dari pada kelompok kontrol sehingga disimpulkan bahwa brain gym tidak berpengaruh terhadap konsentrasi belajar siswa.

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PENGARUH METODE BRAIN GYM DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN MENGINGAT ANAK USIA 5-6 TAHUN

CERIA (Cerdas Energik Responsif Inovatif Adaptif) ◽

10.22460/ceria.v2i5.p197-201 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (5) ◽

pp. 197

Author(s):

Syiva Nurul Ain ◽

Arifah A Riyanto ◽

Ririn Hunafa Lestari

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Brain Cell ◽

Posttest Score ◽

Control Group ◽

Brain Gym ◽

Average Value ◽

Cell Network ◽

The Brain ◽

Experimental Group

Early Childhood according to experts mention the golden age period, a time when the period is sensitive to good stimuli for its development. Any stimulation given to children and accepted by children will give birth to a new connection. The strength of a child's automatic brain cell network will spur aspects of a child's development to be more developed such as cognitive, social-emotional, creativity, language, and so on. Therefore, many programs are currently being developed which aim to stimulate an increase in cognitive function, one of which is Brain Gym. To find out the effect of the brain gym on an exercise program that focuses on specific physical activities to activate brain function, thereby increasing cognitive performance and making it easier to receive learning. This research is an experimental research with quassy experiment research design (quasi-experiment) with respondents as many as 32 respondents divided into two groups, namely, the experimental group (n = 16) and the control group (n = 16). The results showed that children in the brain gym experimental group had a higher posttest score of 44 than 32 points from the pretest value while the control group actually experienced a slight decline in the average value of 33 points lower in the posttest value of the experimental group. The results of the pretest t-test are 0.074, so the value is more than 0.05, meaning there is an increase in ability to remember. While it is seen that the significance value is 0.000, the significance is <0.05 so that H0 is rejected, which means there is a difference between the experimental class and the control class . Brain gym has an influence on cognitive function in children significantly compared to the control group without treatment brain gym.Setiap rangsangan yang diberikan kepada anak akan diterima oleh anak untuk menghasilkan jaringan otak yang baru. Kuatnya jaringan sel otak anak, otomatis akan memacu aspek-aspek perkembangan anak menjadi semakin berkembang seperti kognitif salah satunya kemampuan daya ingat. Salah satu kegiatan yang bertujuan untuk mengembangkan fungsi kognitif adalah Brain Gym. Berdasarkan pernyataan tersebut, tujuan dari penelitian ini Untuk mengetahui pengaruh brain gym terhadap kemampuan mengingat anak usia 4-5 tahun. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan desain penelitian quassy experiment dengan responden sebanyak 32 responden yang dibagi kedalam dua kelompok yaitu, kelompok eksperimen (n=16) dan kelompok kontrol (n=16). Hasil uji t-tes pre test adalah 0,074 dengan demikian nilai tersebut lebih dari 0,05 artinya ada peningkatan kemampuan mengingat yang dilihat dari nilai signifikansi 0.000 < 0,05 sehingga H0 ditolak yang berarti terdapat perbedaan kemampuan akhir antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. Maka dari itu metode brain gym memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemampuan menginat pada anak dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol tanpa treatment brain gym, sehingga metode brain gyam dapat dijadikan alternatif metode pembelajaran dalam mengembangkan kemampuan mengingat anak usia 4-5 tahun.

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