Magnetite hybrid photocatalysis: advance environmental remediation

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Bagheri ◽  
Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Oxidative Degradation ◽  
Suspended Material ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Magnetic Photocatalyst ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

AbstractOne of the main public concerns is the aquatic habitat and its corresponding issues because of the incessant contamination of the ecological water systems. In recent years, research attention has been focused on processes that lead to an improved oxidative degradation of organic pollutants. Therefore, semiconductor photocatalysis technology has aroused scientists’ interest in environmental remediation. Although several semiconductors have proven to be ideal candidates for the treatment of water pollution, the efficient separation and recycling of this fine-powdered photocatalyst is still a scientific problem when applied in practice, including separation process, selectivity, and dispersion. A photocatalyst with magnetic properties allows the use of the technique of magnetic separation, which is one of the most effective and simple methods for removing suspended solids from wastewater without the need for further separation processes. The magnetic photocatalyst allows its use as a suspended material, providing the advantage to have a high surface area for reaction. This review highlights the advantages and disadvantages of current photocatalyst systems. Moreover, it focuses on hybrid magnetic photocatalysts, including metals and nonmetals, metal oxides, carbon-based materials, and ceramics.

scholarly journals Bibliometric approach to the perspectives and challenges of membrane separation processes to remove emerging contaminants from water

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 1721-1741
Author(s):  
Jéssica Stefanello Cadore ◽  
Lucas Fernando Fabro ◽  
Thuany Garcia Maraschin ◽  
Nara Regina de Souza Basso ◽  
Marçal José Rodrigues Pires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Emerging Contaminants ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Mechanical Resistance ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Research Attention

Abstract The presence of contaminants in water is concerning due to the potential impacts on human health and the environment, and ingested contaminants cause harm in various ways. The conventional water treatment systems are not efficient to remove these contaminants. Therefore, novel techniques and materials for the removal of contaminants are increasingly being developed. The separation process using modified membranes can remove these micropollutants; therefore, they have attracted significant research attention. Among the materials used for manufacturing of these membranes, composites based on graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide are preferred owing to their promising properties, such as mechanical resistance, thermal and chemical stability, antifouling capacity, water permeability, high thermal and electrical conductivity, high optical transmittance and high surface area. Membrane separation processes (MSP) can be used as secondary or tertiary treatment during the supply of wastewater. However, the efficient and accessible applications of these technologies are challenging. This study aims to demonstrate the main concepts of membrane separation processes and their application in the removal of emerging contaminants. This study reports bibliometric mapping, relevant data on studies using membranes as water treatment processes, and their viability in industrial applications. The main challenges and perspectives of these technologies are discussed in detail as well.

Facile Synthesis of Unique Bismuth Vanadate Nano-Knitted Hollow Cage and its Application in Environmental Remediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Shamshi Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Dye Degradation ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Bismuth Vanadate ◽  
Bandgap Energy ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Photodegradation Efficiency ◽  
Hollow Nanostructure

AbstractHierarchical bismuth vanadate (BiVO4) nano-knitted hollow cages have been synthesized by simple hydrothermal method and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, energy-dispersive x-ray spectrometer, Fourier transform infrared, UV-Vis, and Raman. The photodegradation efficiency of BiVO4 nanocage for universally used methylene blue dye. The BiVO4 hollow nanostructure demonstrated better photocatalytic competence in dye degradation as compared to the commercial TiO2 powders (P25). The excellent dye degradation can be certified to the high crystallisation of monoclinic BiVO4 and hollow nanostructure, which leads to high surface area and small bandgap energy of 2.44 eV.

scholarly journals Nanotechnology for Environmental Remediation: Materials and Applications

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 1760 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Guerra ◽  
Mohamed Attia ◽  
Daniel Whitehead ◽  
Frank Alexis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Organophosphorus Compounds ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Chlorinated Organic Compounds ◽  
Environmental Media ◽  
Chlorinated Organic ◽  
Materials Used

Environmental remediation relies mainly on using various technologies (e.g., adsorption, absorption, chemical reactions, photocatalysis, and filtration) for the removal of contaminants from different environmental media (e.g., soil, water, and air). The enhanced properties and effectiveness of nanotechnology-based materials makes them particularly suitable for such processes given that they have a high surface area-to-volume ratio, which often results in higher reactivity. This review provides an overview of three main categories of nanomaterials (inorganic, carbon-based, and polymeric-based materials) used for environmental remediation. The use of these nanomaterials for the remediation of different environmental contaminants—such as heavy metals, dyes, chlorinated organic compounds, organophosphorus compounds, volatile organic compounds, and halogenated herbicides—is reviewed. Various recent examples are extensively highlighted focusing on the materials and their applications.

Flow of adsorbable gases and vapours in a microporous medium, II. Binary Mixtures

1963 ◽  
Vol 271 (1344) ◽  
pp. 19-33 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Phase ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Separation Processes ◽  
Partial Pressures ◽  
Adsorbed Phase ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Fractionation Factors

Several binary gas mixtures have been fractionated by diffusion through the high surface area microporous carbon plug characterized in part I (Ash, Barrer & Pope, previous paper). The efficiency of the separation processes varied with the differences in condensability of the pairs of gases and with their partial pressures. The dominant mode of transport of the less volatile components was on the surface of the adsorbent, so that the fractionation factors bore no relation to the rates of diffusion in the gas phase. The blockage of gas-phase flow by the adsorbed phase has been investigated quantitatively. This blockage can be so effective that the membrane becomes impermeable to a non-sorbed component (H 2 ) while being freely permeable to a strongly sorbed component (SO 2 ). Very high fractionation factors were also obtained with N 2 + CO 2 and Ne + CO 2 mixtures. A + N 2 mixtures showed a much smaller fractionation, both components being adsorbed to a comparable extent.

scholarly journals Starch-Based Hybrid Nanomaterials for Environmental Remediation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashoka Gamage ◽  
Thiviya Punniamoorthy ◽  
Terrence Madhujith
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Hybrid Nanomaterials ◽  
Metal Metal

Environmental pollution is becoming a major global issue with increasing anthropogenic activities that release massive toxic pollutants into the land, air, and water. Nanomaterials have gained the most popularity in the last decades over conventional methods because of their high surface area to volume ratio and higher reactivity. Nanomaterials including metal, metal oxide, zero-valent ions, carbonaceous nanomaterials, and polymers function as adsorbents, catalysts, photocatalysts, membrane (filtration), disinfectants, and sensors in the detection and removal of various pollutants such as heavy metals, organic pollutants, dyes, industrial effluents, and pathogenic microbial. Polymer-inorganic hybrid materials or nanocomposites are highly studied for the removal of various contaminants. Starch, a heteropolysaccharide, is a natural biopolymer generally incorporated with other metal, metal oxide, and other polymeric nanoparticles and has been reported in various environmental remediation applications as a low-cost alternative for petroleum-based polymers. Therefore, this chapter mainly highlights the various nanomaterials used in environmental remediation, starch-based hybrid nanomaterials, and their application and limitations.

scholarly journals Carbon Nanomaterials for the Treatment of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Water and Environmental Remediation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabia Baby ◽  
Bullo Saifullah ◽  
Mohd Zobir Hussein
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials

Abstract Nanotechnology is an advanced field of science having the ability to solve the variety of environmental challenges by controlling the size and shape of the materials at a nanoscale. Carbon nanomaterials are unique because of their nontoxic nature, high surface area, easier biodegradation, and particularly useful environmental remediation. Heavy metal contamination in water is a major problem and poses a great risk to human health. Carbon nanomaterials are getting more and more attention due to their superior physicochemical properties that can be exploited for advanced treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water. Carbon nanomaterials namely carbon nanotubes, fullerenes, graphene, graphene oxide, and activated carbon have great potential for removal of heavy metals from water because of their large surface area, nanoscale size, and availability of different functionalities and they are easier to be chemically modified and recycled. In this article, we have reviewed the recent advancements in the applications of these carbon nanomaterials in the treatment of heavy metal-contaminated water and have also highlighted their application in environmental remediation. Toxicological aspects of carbon-based nanomaterials have also been discussed.

Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Environmental Remediation

2017 ◽  
pp. 705-741
Author(s):  
Ravindra Kumar Gautam ◽  
Shivani Soni ◽  
Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Water pollution by anthropogenic activities is proving to be of critical concern as the heavy metals affect aquatic organisms and can quickly disperse to large distances. This poses a risk to both human health and the aquatic biota. Hence, there is a need to treat the wastewater containing toxic metals before they are discharged into the water bodies. During recent years, magnetic nanoparticles came to the foreground of scientific interest as a potential adsorbent of novel wastewater treatment processes. Magnetic nanoparticles have received much attention due to their unique properties, such as extremely small size, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, surface modifiability, multi functionality, excellent magnetic properties, low-cost synthesis, and great biocompatibility. The multi-functional magnetic nanoparticles have been successfully applied for the reduction of toxic metal ions up to ppb level in waste-treated water. This chapter highlights the potential application of magnetic nanoparticles for the removal of heavy metals.

Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles for Environmental Remediation

2015 ◽  
pp. 518-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra Kumar Gautam ◽  
Shivani Soni ◽  
Mahesh Chandra Chattopadhyaya
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Environmental Remediation ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

Water pollution by anthropogenic activities is proving to be of critical concern as the heavy metals affect aquatic organisms and can quickly disperse to large distances. This poses a risk to both human health and the aquatic biota. Hence, there is a need to treat the wastewater containing toxic metals before they are discharged into the water bodies. During recent years, magnetic nanoparticles came to the foreground of scientific interest as a potential adsorbent of novel wastewater treatment processes. Magnetic nanoparticles have received much attention due to their unique properties, such as extremely small size, high surface-area-to-volume ratio, surface modifiability, multi functionality, excellent magnetic properties, low-cost synthesis, and great biocompatibility. The multi-functional magnetic nanoparticles have been successfully applied for the reduction of toxic metal ions up to ppb level in waste-treated water. This chapter highlights the potential application of magnetic nanoparticles for the removal of heavy metals.

scholarly journals Electrospinning of Nanofibers and Their Applications for Energy Devices

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Shi ◽  
Weiping Zhou ◽  
Delong Ma ◽  
Qian Ma ◽  
Denzel Bridges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Energy Devices ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
And Storage

With the depletion of fossil fuels and the increasing demand of energy for economic development, it is urgent to develop renewable energy technologies to sustain the economic growth. Electrospinning is a versatile and efficient fabrication method for one-dimensional (1D) nanostructured fibers of metals, metal oxides, hydrocarbons, composites, and so forth. The resulting nanofibers (NFs) with controllable diameters ranging from nanometer to micrometer scale possess unique properties such as a high surface-area-to-volume and aspect ratio, low density, and high pore volume. These properties make 1D nanomaterials more advantageous than conventional materials in energy harvesting, conversion, and storage devices. In this review, the key parameters for e-spinning are discussed and the properties of electrospun NFs and applications in solar cells, fuel cells, nanogenerators, hydrogen energy harvesting and storage, lithium-ion batteries, and supercapacitors are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of electrospinning and an outlook on the possible future directions are also discussed.

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