scholarly journals Behavioral Risk Factors of Noncommunicable Diseases Among Medical and Nonmedical Undergraduate Students of Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 119-122
Author(s):  
Rajib Mondal ◽  
Rajib Chandra Sarker ◽  
Palash Chandra Banik
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background and aims: Behavioral risk factors of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) are established during early age and continued into adulthood. In Bangladesh, the scenario of NCD risk factors among students was inadequately studied. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the prevalence of behavioral risk factors of NCDs between undergraduate medical and nonmedical students. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 280 undergraduate students (equal number of students from medical and nonmedical backgrounds). Respondents were selected purposively from 5 purposively-selected institutions. Modified WHO STEPS instrument was used for data collection. Respondents were asked about their behavioral risk factors (tobacco use, insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, inadequate physical activity, and alcohol consumption) by face-to-face interviews. Results: Men students were more in both groups. The mean age of the medical and nonmedical students was 22.1±2.0 and 21.8±1.9 years, respectively. Tobacco use was more among nonmedical students than that among the counterpart (22.1% vs. 15.7%). Medical students were more used to take insufficient fruits and vegetables compared to nonmedical students (97.9% vs. 93.6%). Equal proportions (71.4%) of students in both groups were used to perform inadequate physical activity. Alcohol consumption was observed more among nonmedical students (12.9% vs. 8.6%). Conclusion: Behavioral risk factors of NCDs were remarkable among students of both groups, mainly among nonmedical students.

scholarly journals Multiple behavioral risk factors causing cancer in rural women of Mysuru

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 4313
Author(s):  
Rufia Shaistha Khanum ◽  
D. Sunil Kumar ◽  
Satendra Kumar Verma ◽  
M. R. Narayanmurthy
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Tobacco Consumption ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Cancer has affected humans since pre-historic times, but in recent years its occurrence has sharply increased. The common causative factors are an individual’s diet, decreasing physical activity, consumption of tobacco and alcohol. Cancer deaths are increasingly popular as the world is ignorant of its harmful lifestyle habits. Interventions focusing on behavior change are key to curb diseases caused by behavioral risk factors. The aim of the study was to identify the association between multiple behavioral risk factors and cancer in rural women.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Bharat hospital and Institute of oncology for a period of 5 months (February 2021-June 2021). A total of 380 rural women diagnosed with cancer were included in the study. A structured proforma was used to collect data about behavioral risk factors. The data was coded and entered in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Descriptive statistical analysis was done. Crosstables were constructed, Chi square test was done to find the association of behavioral risk factors causing cancer.Results: Significant association was found between the frequency of dairy products intake/week, frequency of fruits intake/week, frequency of vegetable intake/week, frequency of sweets intake/week, the frequency of tea, coffee consumption/day, frequency of smoking/week, frequency of snuff, sun protection practices and various cancers.Conclusions: Multiple behavioral risk factors like diet, physical activity, tobacco consumption, alcohol use, sun exposure, etc., are can be modified and treated. Proper education and health promotion are the keys to decrease non-communicable diseases.

scholarly journals The association between informal caregiving and behavioral risk factors: a cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 911-921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Gottschalk ◽  
Hans-Helmut König ◽  
Christian Brettschneider
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Smoking Behavior ◽  
Care Recipient ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity

Abstract Objectives This study aimed to compare informal caregivers/dementia caregivers to non-caregivers regarding alcohol consumption, smoking behavior, obesity, and insufficient physical activity and to identify caregiving-related factors (caregiving intensity, length of caregiving, relationship to the care recipient, and type of caregiving task) which are associated with behavioral risk factors in caregivers/dementia caregivers. Methods Using cross-sectional data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we performed the statistical analyses applying logistic regression models and accounted for confounding using the entropy balancing approach. Results For caregivers (n = 12,044), the odds of overweight/obesity and smoking were higher (OR = 1.14/1.34, p < 0.05) and the odds of binge drinking and insufficient physical activity were lower (OR = 0.86/0.83, p < 0.05) than for non-caregivers (n = 45,925). For dementia caregivers, results point in the same direction. Caregiving-related variables tend to influence the likelihood of behavioral risk factors, but depending on the kind of factor considered, in different directions. Conclusions Being a caregiver is associated with risky and health-promoting behavior. However, the effects are relatively low. Future studies should study potential pathways between caregiving characteristics, psychological impacts of caregiving, health behavior, and mental or physical health.

scholarly journals Rapid screening for behavioral risk factors in adolescents in North India

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3343
Author(s):  
Poonam Banga ◽  
Tarundeep Singh ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
North India ◽  
Rapid Screening ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Habits get established during the transitional age of adolescence making it important to conduct surveillance to detect high risk behaviours at an early age. Feasibility of such a surveillance system was tested for monitoring the risk factors in schools.Methods: A cross sectional survey was conducted in randomly selected schools of Chandigarh in India, by enrolling 226 students of class V to XII. A pretested structured questionnaire on dietary pattern, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol consumption, drug abuse, mental health, sexual behaviour etc., was administered after ensuring privacy and confidentiality.Results: A total of 226 students with a mean age of 14years (range 10 to 19years) participated in the study. The prevalence of tobacco use was 8%, alcohol consumption was 3%, and drug abuse was 4%. About 47% were involved in a physical fight. Around 7% students were overweight. About 50% of the students skipped breakfast during previous week, and 6% had no intake of fruits and vegetables in last one month. Only 53% reported consistent use of seat belts.Conclusions: Several behavioral risk factors were prevalent among school children in Chandigarh. Behaviour surveillance to monitor trends should be conducted at regular intervals.

scholarly journals Behavioral Risk Factors for Non-Communicable Disease among Factory Employees in Faridabad; Haryana

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (175) ◽  
Author(s):  
Biplab Jamatia ◽  
K Anand ◽  
S K Kapoor ◽  
R M Pandey
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heart Attack ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Control Programme ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: In developing countries like India, in addition to the infectious diseases, noncommunicablediseases are emerging as signifi cant causes of morbidity and mortality. Workplacespresent a setting which is appropriate for intervention for adults in a community. The aim of this studyis to assess the knowledge, attitude and prevalence of selected risk factors for non-communicablediseases.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among the regular employees of the factories.Smoking, alcohol consumption, dietary intake and physical activity were measured through interviewschedules and height, weight and blood pressure were also measured by standard instrument. Anawareness generation program was pre-tested.Results: A total of 545 employees were interviewed. Among them 307 (56.3%) and 238 (43.7%)were manual and non-manual workers respectively. Most of the employees knew [smoking asa risk factor for hypertension (55.2%), heart attack (61.1%) and cancer (78.7%); Alcohol as a riskfactor for hypertension (72.1%), heart attack (73.9%), cancer ( 54.9%); Physical inactivity as a riskfactor for hypertension (82.6%), heart attack (78.5%), diabetes (60.4%) and high fat diet as a riskfactor for hypertension (67.2%), heart attack (64.8%)] that these risk factors lead to different noncommunicablediseases. The prevalence (95% CI) of the risk factors is as follows: male currentsmoker [40.7% (36.4-45.3)], current alcohol consumption [31.0 % (27.2 – 35.1)], sedentary activity[41.2% (37.0 – 45.5)], high fat intake [93.7% (90.2 - 95.5)], over weight [26.9% (23.2 – 30.9)] ; andhypertension [21.0% (17.62 - 24.6)]Conclusions: This study showed that the risk factors for non-communicable diseases are prevalentin factory employees. Implementation of the risk factors control programme is desirable and there isan interest among employees and management.Key Words: alcohol consumption, diet, over weight, physical activity, risk factor, smoking

Stages of Change for Physical Activity, Diet, and Smoking among HMO Members with Chronic Conditions

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond G. Boyle ◽  
Patrick J. O'Connor ◽  
Nicolaas P. Pronk ◽  
Agnes Tan
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Conditions ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Readiness To Change ◽  
Stage Of Change ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey

Purpose. This paper investigated whether stage of change for health behaviors was associated with the presence of chronic conditions. Design. A stratified cross-sectional survey by mail with telephone follow-up. Settings. This study was conducted at a mixed-model HMO with 650,000 members based in Minnesota. Subjects. The sample consisted of a random sample of 8000 HMO members age 40 or over with systematic oversampling of members with hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, or heart disease. Measures. In addition to demographics, readiness to change for physical activity, fat intake, fruit and vegetable intake, and smoking were assessed. Results. The adjusted response rate was 82.4%. In a logistic regression analysis, members with one or more than one chronic condition had greater readiness to change for three out of four risk factors compared to members with no chronic conditions. Conclusions. The stage-of-change distribution of HMO members with chronic conditions suggests that members at highest risk of adverse health outcomes have the greatest readiness to change behavioral risk factors. Based on these observations, targeted, stage-specific efforts to support behavior change are likely to be both acceptable and effective in HMO members with chronic conditions. Improving stage of change for behavioral risk factors for members with diabetes may present special problems and opportunities.

Gender-specific behavioral risk factors for noncommunicable diseases in adolescent children

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
S. A. Ushakova ◽  
◽  
A. D. Petrushina ◽  
S. M. Klyashev ◽  
O. Yu. Khalidullina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Gender Characteristics

Aim. To study the gender characteristics of such behavioral risk factors for non-communicable diseases as low physical activity and sedentary behavior in adolescent children. Materials and methods. A single-stage clinical study of a specially organized sample of older adolescent children aged 15-17 years (a decreed group for preventive medical examinations) living in urban and rural areas of the Tyumen region was performed in order to study the frequency of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDS). Results. Gender differences were found in the frequency of occurrence of behavioral NCDS in older adolescent children: Smoking for boys, low physical activity among girls. Low physical activity and Smoking were more common among urban girls compared to rural girls of the same age. Conclusion. The established gender characteristics of the frequency of occurrence of controlled NCDS in urban and rural children are the basis for planning and optimizing primary prevention in medical organizations that provide primary health care, including the organization of a modern model of school-oriented health care.

scholarly journals Erratic Behavioral Attitude Leads to Noncommunicable Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Arif Habib ◽  
Mohammad Mahtab Alam ◽  
Izhar Hussain ◽  
Nazim Nasir ◽  
Musa Almuthebi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inadequate Sleep

Background. The burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Arab world has reached an alarming level. Behavioral risk factors including consumption of fast food, inadequate sleep, and skipping meals are pervasive. This study aims at establishing the association between NCDs and modernized behavioral risk factors among populations. Methods. A cross-sectional study was carried out with 1070 respondents who were 18 years old. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire with the help of the WHO STEPS approach with some modifications regarding NCD risk factors. Results. 30% of respondents had cardiovascular diseases (CVD) followed by respiratory diseases (23%) and diabetes (3%) while the habit of smoking was found among 52% of respondents followed by physical inactivity (49%), skipping meals (24%), and inadequate sleep (30%). Consumption of fast food was found to be a significant risk factor for obesity (odds ratio (OR) = 2.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) [1.50, 4.92]), CVD (OR = 1.52, 95% CI [1.20, 1.94]), and respiratory disease (OR = 2.13, 95% CI [1.58, 2.86]). Significant linkages were found between CVD and smoking (OR = 0.69, 95% CI [0.54, 0.88]), diet pattern (OR = 1.86, 95% CI [1.44, 2.39]), fast food (OR = 1.52, 95% CI [1.20, 1.94]), and sleep hours (OR = 0.57, 95% CI [0.42, 0.79]). Conclusions. Undesirable behavioral risk factors pose a considerable threat to public health with a high prevalence rate of NCDs. Reducing the NCD burden and promoting healthy lifestyle formation of suitable strategies and their smooth implementation is the need of the hour.

scholarly journals Are risk factors for non-communicable diseases in adolescents a problem in senior high schools in Accra?

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Delia Bandoh ◽  
Gifty Sunkwa-Mills ◽  
Ernest Kenu
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
At Risk ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physical Measurements ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Who Steps

Background: We assessed risk factors of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) among adolescents in a senior high schoolDesign: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 2016Setting: Senior High School in AccraParticipants: Adolescents in senior high schoolInterventions: Adolescents were interviewed with a structured questionnaire designed using the WHO STEPS framework. Data on tobacco use, alcohol consumption, physical activity and physical measurements of respondents were taken.Main outcome measures: risk factors of noncommunicable diseases among adolescentsResults: A total of 360 adolescents in the school were assessed. Mean age was (17±1.21) years with minimum age being 13 and maximum 19 years. Females were 51% (184/360). About 75% (271/360) reported low physical activity, 15% (55/360) were overweight or obese (95%CI: 0.0317-0.078), 7.0% (25/360) consumed alcohol (95%CI: 0.054-0.111) and 2.5% (9/360) smoked tobacco (95%CI: 0.013- 0.048). Majority of the respondents (346/360) were exposed or at risk of developing at least one risk factor. However, no one was found to be at risk of all five risk factors assessed. Females were three times more likely to be overweight or obese compared to their male counterparts (OR:3,95%CI:1.581-5.624)Conclusion: We found that majority of the children had low physical activity and more than 90% of the respondents had at least one NCD risk factor.Keywords: noncommunicable diseases, risk factors, physical activity, tobacco use, consumption of alcoholFunding: This work was funded by the authors

A Study on Behavioral Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Diseases among Rural School Going Adolescents in a Block of Hooghly District, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 357-363
Author(s):  
Malay Kumar Das ◽  
Rabindranath Sinha ◽  
Nirmalya Manna
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Behavioral Risk Factors ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: Cost effective interventions (educational and behavioural interventions) for the reduction of non-communicable diseases risk factors should be promoted especially in the low and middle income countries such as India. Method: A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used in class-room setting to collect information from students regarding their socio- demographic characteristics and presence of behavioral risk factors of non-communicable diseases. Results: A total of 761 students of class VI-XII participated in the study of which 61.4% were boys and rests were girls. Most common risk factor was ‘intake of extra salt with food’ (54.7%), followed by fast food intake >3 times/week (33.8%). Statistical analysis by chi square test revealed that extra salt intake, tobacco use and alcohol use was significantly associated with age. Similarly, sex of the students was significantly associated with tobacco use, alcohol use and physical activity (p <0.05). Father’s education was significantly associated with extra salt intake in food. Mother’s education was significantly associated with unsatisfactory intake of fruits and vegetables (< 5 times/week), extra salt intakes in food and tobacco use (p <0.05). Father’s occupation was significantly associated with fast food intakes and physical activity whereas mother’s occupation had significant association with tobacco use (p <0.05). Conclusion: Healthy children are the foundation for a healthy nation. The universal belief is that schools are designated as an important setting in which children should develop behaviour and skills for physical, emotional and social well-being. Keywords: Adolescents, Behavioral Risk factor, Socio- Demographic characteristics, Rural school.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of hypertension in selected towns of Wollega zones, Western Ethiopia, 2019: A community-based cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110245
Author(s):  
Getu Mosisa ◽  
Bikila Regassa ◽  
Bayise Biru
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Hypertension remains an emerging public health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. Age, income level, obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, vegetables and fruit consumption, physical activity and chat chewing were some risk factors of hypertension. However, there are limited data on the epidemiology of hypertension in Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess Epidemiology of Hypertension among the community of selected towns of Wollega zones. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 June 2019 in selected towns of Wollega zones. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 840 study participants. Data were collected using the WHO STEP wise approach. The data were coded and entered into EpiData 3, and exported to SPSS version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted. Statistical significance was declared at p-value < 0.05. Results: The study included a total of 838 respondents with a response rate of 99.7%. The prevalence of hypertension was found to be 189 (22.6%) (95% confidence interval = 19.9%–25.2%). Of this, 108 (12.9%) and 81 (9.7%) of female and male were hypertensive, respectively. Age groups of 30–44 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.65 (1.43, 4.89)), 45–59 years (adjusted odds ratio = 3.55 (1.79, 7.04)), above 60 years (adjusted odds ratio = 2.97 (1.43, 6.18)), having history of alcohol consumption (adjusted odds ratio = 4.29 (2.4, 7.66)), involving in vigorous physical activity (adjusted odds ratio = 0.096 (0.028, 0.33)), not walking to and from the work (adjusted odds ratio = 13.12 (8.34, 20.67)), being overweight (adjusted odds ratio = 1.98 (1.21, 3.25)), inadequate fruits serving per day (adjusted odds ratio = 2.93 (1.75, 4.88)) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypertension was found to be high in the study area. Older age, alcohol consumption, not engaging in vigorous activity, physical inactivity, being overweight and inadequate intake of fruits were found to be risk factors for hypertension. Therefore, health care providers should provide extensive health education and promotion on recommended lifestyle modification to tackle the burden of hypertension.

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