scholarly journals Two decades of changes in spatial distribution of retail and commercial services: Czech experience

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-55
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Šilhan ◽  
Josef Kunc
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
The South ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
The Public ◽  
Suburban Areas ◽  
Tax Relief ◽  
Red Tape

The aim of this paper is to introduce basic developmental consequences, changes, trends and the current situation in amenities through retail and commercial services in the rural areas of the Czech Republic. The example illustrated herein is the South Moravian Region. Methodically, the text is built on previous survey (2002), and on our own survey conducted in municipalities up to 3,000 inhabitants of the South Moravian Region in 2018 (n = 355). There are semi-structured interviews (n = 18) that link back to these surveys. The data obtained was processed by the methods of statistical and graphical analysis, comparison, interpretation and synthesis. The paper concludes that since 2002, commercial amenities have experienced remarkably negative development. The smaller municipalities in the periphery have encountered the greatest decline, but stagnation is also seen in the suburban areas of Brno. From among types of commercial amenities, the ones most weakened were specialized shops, which could no longer compete with large retail chains. Almost a fourth of municipalities support commercial trade and services, mainly through subsidies or lowered rent. The regions also provide subsidies. Even simplifying red tape or providing tax relief on the part of the public sector would support civic amenities. Another key may be retaining young and educated people in municipalities where they will live and work. Contributing to this could be not only developing infrastructure in municipalities, but also for example the next wave of digitalization and introduction of stable, high-speed Internet service in rural areas.

Specialist Networks Influence Clinician Willingness to Treat Individuals with Special Needs

2021 ◽  
pp. 238008442110202
Author(s):  
M.A.W.T. Lim ◽  
S.A.C. Liberali ◽  
H. Calache ◽  
P. Parashos ◽  
G.L. Borromeo
Keyword(s):  
Special Needs ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dental Service ◽  
Aging Workforce ◽  
The South ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
Barriers To Access ◽  
Patients With Special Needs

Background: The South Australian Dental Service’s Special Needs Network was established to support oral health professionals working within their statewide government-funded dental service to treat patients with special needs. This study aimed to investigate how a structured network relationship with specialists in special needs dentistry influenced the willingness of dentists to treat this group of patients. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were used to explore the views of specialists and dentists involved in the South Australian Dental Service’s Special Needs Network. Inductive thematic analysis identified emerging themes enabling completion of a SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats) analysis. Results: Dentists felt that a strength of the Network was a greater sense of collegiality, particularly for those working in rural areas. Although the inability to get immediate advice was seen as a weakness, dentists felt a more structured relationship with specialists improved communication pathways and resulted in more timely care. The aging workforce, systemic barriers in the public dental system, such as productivity pressures and infrastructure, and the lack of support from other health professionals were seen as ongoing barriers and threats. Regardless, dentists identified the use of telehealth and visiting specialists as future opportunities. Specialists felt that the Network was a valuable resource but were skeptical about its effectiveness, feeling that a limitation was the ability of dentists to recognize the complexity of cases. Conclusions: Ongoing support from and communication with specialists in special needs dentistry through a structured network improved the perceived ability and willingness of dentists to treat patients with special needs. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This research suggests that providing support to dentists through a hub-and-spoke network that facilitates additional training, professional interaction, and improved communication with specialists in special needs dentistry may help overcome some of the current barriers to access to care experienced by individuals with special needs, particularly those associated with the willingness and capability of clinicians treat them.

Refuting objections to a Global Rural Network (GRNet) for developing nations (originally published in August 2004)

First Monday ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry Press
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Appropriate Technology ◽  
Grand Challenge ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Developing Nation ◽  
Internet Connectivity

In a previous article, we suggested that it is now time to undertake a Grand Challenge project: providing Internet connectivity for every village in every developing nation. Doing so would require perhaps a decade and billions of dollars for design and planning, procurement, installation and operation. Critics object that such a project would not be worth the effort and investment. This article considers nine objections to such an undertaking. 1. Internet connectivity would be nice, but it is not a high priority. 2. Internet service has been offered in rural areas of developing nations, and there is little demand for it. 3. There are no applications of interest or value to illiterate rural people who do not speak English. 4. There is no sustainable business model. 5. Developing nations lack the people and resources to do research. 6. Even if the world community can justify sponsoring the research leading to a concrete backbone plan, developing nations cannot afford to implement it. 7. Villagers cannot afford to use the network even if the backbone transport and connection are free. 8. Developing nations cannot afford high–speed connectivity — low–cost store–and–forward technology is more appropriate technology for a poor, developing nation. 9. We should focus on cities where there is already demand, not rural areas. We discuss each of these, and conclude with a brief outline of next steps.

scholarly journals THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF FUNCTIONAL-PLANNING STRUCTURE OF GENERAL EDUCATION SCHOOLS IN BELGOROD REGION (1904–2020)

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-65
Author(s):  
I. Chechel'
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
General Education ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
School Buildings ◽  
The Public ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Historical Retrospect

This article presents the results of a systematic study of the formation and development of the functional- planning structure of buildings of general education schools in the Belgorod region. The study is carried out in historical retrospect (1904-2020). Three main stages of the formation of the school buildings structure and its periods are identified. For each of the stages, a description of the typological features of school buildings is given, the functional planning structure and its evolution are considered. The research methodology and methods are based on the principles of a systematic approach and a comprehensive historical, genetic and structural analysis. The research uses methods of generalization and comparative analysis of materials. The data obtained is processed by statistical and graphical analysis methods. The research has shown that at the first stage (Russian Empire, 1904–1917), the system of secondary education is just beginning to take shape. High schools are being built in cities, and parochial and rural schools are being built in rural areas. At the second stage (USSR, 1917–1991), with the transition of the country to the principles of universal literacy, through the system of public education, there is a rapid development of the type of public building of a general educational organization. This period is characterized by the mass construction of schools, which were the first public buildings to be built according to standard projects. Standard design was a forced measure necessary to solve problems related to the development of the public education system. At the third stage (Russian Federation, 1991-2020), there was a transition from standard to individual design of school buildings. However, although the projects were declared as individual, they were mostly based on the solutions of standard projects of the Soviet era, and became their improved copies. The study, based on examples of modern implemented projects, identifies the main directions of development of the functional-planning structure of buildings of general education schools in the Belgorod region in modern conditions with their transformation into multifunctional educational buildings-complexes.

scholarly journals Local Communities and Home Rule: Extending the Alberta SuperNet to Unserved Areas

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadine I Kozak
Keyword(s):  
Community Involvement ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Design Strategy ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Home Rule ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Private Providers ◽  
Alberta Supernet

The Alberta SuperNet’s design strategy included fiber optic build-outs only to points of presence in cities, towns and villages.  This strategy created a crucial role for local business and community involvement in providing high-speed internet service in rural areas. A paucity of private providers led individuals and communities to develop micro solutions to obtain broadband. Using the concept of home rule as a theoretical lens, this article chronicles and analyzes three approaches taken by individuals, communities, and businesses to illustrate the successes and weaknesses of both the local decisions and the Alberta government’s approaches.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Analysis of the Perception Gap between Employers and Vocational Students for Career Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 11327
Author(s):  
Ali Rizwan ◽  
Suhail H. Serbaya ◽  
Muhammad Saleem ◽  
Hemaid Alsulami ◽  
Dimitrios A. Karras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
Vocational Students ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
The Public ◽  
Computing Skills ◽  
Urban Rural ◽  
Perception Gap

(1) Background: Nowadays, technological advancement plays a key role in the economic uplift of developing countries, and it is paramount that the youth of these countries are well-equipped with both vocational and technical skills to bring about sustainability in their careers. (2) Methods: The present study aims to investigate the perception gap between vocational students and industrial employers with regard to employability skills. In this regard, data were collected from 683 vocational students from urban/rural areas studying in the public/private vocational institutions of a developing country. Similarly, 82 vocational employers were contacted about their perception of employability skills. A questionnaire comprising 20 questions was administered online to both students and employers for registering their responses. Data were analyzed with the help of descriptive statistics, interval plots, and an Ishikawa diagram. (3) Results: The findings reveal that vocational employers give maximum importance to interpersonal, technical, and entrepreneurial skills, while students perceive that their technical and computing skills are vital for sustainable careers. Similarly, the rural/public students showed minimum levels of competency in these skills as compared with their counterparts living in rural areas and studying in the private institutions. Furthermore, structured interviews were conducted with the concerned stakeholders to develop a remedial framework for the sustainable careers of these vocational students. (4) Conclusions: The results of the study not only bring sustainability to the vocational sector of developing countries, but to all those countries enjoying similar socioeconomic backgrounds.

scholarly journals Efficient Management and Security of Data by Data Base Management System (DBMS)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Ranjan Singh
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
The People ◽  
Data Base Management System ◽  
The Government

Digital India is an initiative of the Government of India, under which government departments have to connect with the people of the country. The purpose of this scheme is to ensure that the government services can be accessible electronically to the public without use of paper. The purpose of this scheme is to connect the rural areas through High Speed Internet. A two-way platform will be built in this scheme where both (service providers and consumers) will be benefited. This will be an inter-ministerial initiative where all the ministries and departments will bring their services to the public such as health, education and judicial service, etc. The Public Private Partnership (PPP) model will be adopted as a choice. This scheme is one of the top priority projects of the Central Government. While there are many significant drawbacks like legal framework, lack of privacy, lack of data security rules, civilian autonomy abuses, and lack of parliamentary surveillance for Indian e-surveillance and Indian cyber insecurity. All these shortcomings will be removed before implementing Digital India.

Remotely Controllable SHM System for a Concrete Box-Girder Bridge

2008 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 339-344
Author(s):  
Jong Jae Lee ◽  
Ki Young Koo ◽  
Jun Young Hong ◽  
Chung Bang Yun
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Mobile Telecommunication ◽  
Box Girder ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Remote Maintenance ◽  
Concrete Box Girder ◽  
Girder Bridge

Many bridges are located in rural areas where conventional Internet services are not readily available. 3.5 generation mobile telecommunication technology, HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access), is currently commercialized in 55 countries to make the Internet access possible in anywhere the mobile phone service is available. In this study, a novel framework of remotely controllable SHM systems is proposed for bridges without the conventional Internet service utilizing HSDPA technology and remote desktop software. The proposed SHM system has benefits such as remote maintenance of SHM systems and a low cost network implementation. The feasibility of the proposed framework has been demonstrated by field tests on a concrete box-girder highway bridge in operation.

Heritage

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar Shaikh ◽  
Stefano Bonino
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expressions ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Online Video ◽  
The South ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Public ◽  
Video Footage ◽  
Community Heritage ◽  
Personal Accounts ◽  
The Way

The Colourful Heritage Project (CHP) is the first community heritage focused charitable initiative in Scotland aiming to preserve and to celebrate the contributions of early South Asian and Muslim migrants to Scotland. It has successfully collated a considerable number of oral stories to create an online video archive, providing first-hand accounts of the personal journeys and emotions of the arrival of the earliest generation of these migrants in Scotland and highlighting the inspiring lessons that can be learnt from them. The CHP’s aims are first to capture these stories, second to celebrate the community’s achievements, and third to inspire present and future South Asian, Muslim and Scottish generations. It is a community-led charitable project that has been actively documenting a collection of inspirational stories and personal accounts, uniquely told by the protagonists themselves, describing at first hand their stories and adventures. These range all the way from the time of partition itself to resettling in Pakistan, and then to their final accounts of arriving in Scotland. The video footage enables the public to see their facial expressions, feel their emotions and hear their voices, creating poignant memories of these great men and women, and helping to gain a better understanding of the South Asian and Muslim community’s earliest days in Scotland.

Economic Growth and Defence Spending: An Efficiency Analysis of Romania’s Conscription Suspension

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Alin Teodor Huseraș ◽  
Andrei Ciprian Spînu
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
External Funding ◽  
The Public ◽  
Defence Spending ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
The Military ◽  
Theoretical Issues

AbstractNational defense is one of the key sectors responsible for maintaining national security, being considered at the same time an element of great importance and strict necessity of the public sector. The performance of defense functions and missions are closely linked to the military capabilities of this sector, which in turn depend on the budget for defense spending. This paper deals with some theoretical issues in the economic field of defense, regarding the size of defense spending in GDP and their social effects. It is also trying to carry out an analysis on the efficiency versus inefficiency in the use of defense resources, to finance the two types of recruitment systems, namely: by conscription or voluntary will. In order to be able to achieve the above, graphical analysis methods and calculation dermination method were used. The efficiency of spending public funds depends on both objective factors such as: distribution of a certain share of GDP to a certain area; attracting internal and external funding, as well as subjective factors, like: allocating resources to certain categories of expenses; allocating resources to certain defense programs; effective management of these resources by the competent structures. Therefore, for a program to be considered effective, it must meet the requirements of the collective needs of society, be rationally implemented and be sustainable.

IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE AQUACULTURE AS A MODEL OF SATO UMI TO IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY WITHIN COASTAL AREA OF INDONESIA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhendar I Sachoemar ◽  
Suhendar I Sachoemar ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagi ◽  
Tetsuo Yanagi ◽  
Mitsutaku Makino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sustainable Aquaculture ◽  
The South ◽  
West Java ◽  
The Public ◽  
Central Java ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Similar Program ◽  
Technology Dissemination

The development of sustainable model of aquaculture by applying Sato Umi concept within coastal area of Indonesia has expanded from the center of first experiment in the northern coastal area of west Java to central Java (western Indonesia) and Bantaeng in the South Sulawesi of central Indonesia. The similar program has also been proposed for Maluku Province in the eastern part of Indonesia. In the next 5 years, Indonesia is developing the Techno Parks Program in some areas, in which aquaculture and fisheries activities development on the base of Sato Umi concept in the coastal area are involves in this program. The development of Techno Parks are directed as a center application of technology to stimulate the economy in the regency, and a place of training, apprenticeship, technology dissemination center, and center business advocacy for the public. Hopely, Sato Umi concept that has a similar spirit with Techno Park can be applied to support the implementation of Techno Park program in Indonesia

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document