Development of a Fish Paste with Oreochromis mossambicus and Coccina grandis as a Natural Blood Glucose Reduction Food

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Oreochromis Mossambicus ◽  
Glucose Reduction

scholarly journals The Liver Circadian Clock Modulates Biochemical and Physiological Responses to Metformin

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Henriksson ◽  
Anne-Laure Huber ◽  
Erin K. Soto ◽  
Anna Kriebs ◽  
Megan E. Vaughan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Glucose Response ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Circadian Time ◽  
Lower Blood ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Lactate Levels ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Metformin is widely used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes to lower blood glucose. Although metformin is a relatively safe and effective drug, its clinical efficacy is variable and under certain circumstances it may contribute to life-threatening lactic acidosis. Thus, additional understanding of metformin pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics could provide important information regarding therapeutic use of this widely prescribed drug. Here we report a significant effect of time of day on acute blood glucose reduction in response to metformin administration and on blood lactate levels in healthy mice. Furthermore, we demonstrate that while metformin transport into hepatocytes is unaltered by time of day, the kinetics of metformin-induced activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the liver are remarkably altered with circadian time. Liver-specific ablation of Bmal1 expression alters metformin induction of AMPK and blood glucose response but does not completely abolish time of day differences. Together, these data demonstrate that circadian rhythms affect the biological responses to metformin in a complex manner.

Prolonged blood glucose reduction in mrp-2 deficient rats (GY/TR−) by the glucose-6-phosphate translocase inhibitor S 3025

2002 ◽  
Vol 1569 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas W. Herling ◽  
Dietmar Schwab ◽  
Hans-Joerg Burger ◽  
Jochen Maas ◽  
Roland Hammerl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Reduction

scholarly journals Rapid Weight Loss, Central Obesity Improvement and Blood Glucose Reduction Are Associated with a Stronger Adaptive Immune Response Following COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine

Vaccines ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Mikiko Watanabe ◽  
Angela Balena ◽  
Davide Masi ◽  
Rossella Tozzi ◽  
Renata Risi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Adaptive Immune Response ◽  
Humoral Response ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Low Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Adaptive Immune ◽  
Glucose Reduction ◽  
The Impact

Obesity is associated with a poor COVID-19 prognosis, and it seems associated with reduced humoral response to vaccination. Public health campaigns have advocated for weight loss in subjects with obesity, hoping to eliminate this risk. However, no evidence proves that weight loss leads to a better prognosis or a stronger immune response to vaccination. We aimed to investigate the impact of rapid weight loss on the adaptive immune response in subjects with morbid obesity. Twenty-one patients followed a hypocaloric, very-low-carbohydrate diet one week before to one week after the two mRNA vaccine doses. The diet’s safety and efficacy were assessed, and the adaptive humoral (anti-SARS CoV-2 S antibodies, Abs) and cell-mediated responses (IFNγ secretion on stimulation with two different SARS CoV-2 peptide mixes, IFNγ-1 and IFNγ-2) were evaluated. The patients lost ~10% of their body weight with metabolic improvement. A high baseline BMI correlated with a poor immune response (R −0.558, p = 0.013 for IFNγ-1; R −0.581, p = 0.009 for IFNγ-2; R −0.512, p = 0.018 for Abs). Furthermore, there was a correlation between weight loss and higher IFNγ-2 (R 0.471, p = 0.042), and between blood glucose reduction and higher IFNγ-1 (R 0.534, p = 0.019), maintained after weight loss and waist circumference reduction adjustment. Urate reduction correlated with higher Abs (R 0.552, p = 0.033). In conclusion, obesity is associated with a reduced adaptive response to a COVID-19 mRNA vaccine, and weight loss and metabolic improvement may reverse the effect.

scholarly journals Chronic Antidiabetic Actions of Leptin: Evidence from Parabiosis Studies for a CNS-Derived Circulating Antidiabetic Factor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre A. da Silva ◽  
John E. Hall ◽  
Xuemei Dai ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Mateus C. Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Glut4 Expression ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Glucose Reduction ◽  
Surgically Induced ◽  
Saline Vehicle ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

We used parabiosis to determine whether the central nervous system (CNS)-mediated antidiabetic effects of leptin are mediated by release of a brain-derived circulating factor(s). Parabiosis was surgically induced at 4 weeks of age and an intracerebroventricular (ICV) cannula was placed in the lateral cerebral ventricles at 12 weeks of age for ICV infusion of leptin or saline vehicle. Ten days after surgery, food intake, body weight and blood glucose were measured for 5 consecutive days and insulin-deficiency diabetes was induced in all rats by a single streptozotocin (STZ) injection (40 mg/kg). Five days after STZ injection, leptin or vehicle was infused ICV for 7 days, followed by 5-day recovery period. STZ increased blood glucose and food intake. Chronic ICV leptin infusion restored normoglycemia in leptin-infused rats while reducing blood glucose by ~27% in conjoined vehicle-infused rats. This glucose reduction was caused mainly by decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis. Chronic ICV leptin infusion also reduced net cumulative food intake and increased GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle in leptin/vehicle compared to vehicle/vehicle conjoined rats. These results indicate that leptin’s CNS-mediated antidiabetic effects are mediated, in part, by release into the systemic circulation of a leptin-stimulated factor(s) that enhances glucose utilization and reduces liver gluconeogenesis.

scholarly journals Beneficial role of Stevia rebaudiana dry extract on the blood glucose reduction in the chronic diabetes mellitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Flori R Sari ◽  
Hari Hendarto ◽  
Djamal Alfan ◽  
Saiful Anwar ◽  
Chris Adhiyanto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Urine Output ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Stevia Rebaudiana ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Dry Extract ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Introduction: Prolonged hyperglycemia may lead to several detrimental microvascular or macrovascular complications in the chronic diabetes mellitus. Thus, achieving normal glycemic condition remains the most important strategy in the diabetes mellitus. Stevia rebaudiana plays an important role on the blood glucose reduction, however, its role in the chronic diabetes mellitus has not been fully elucidated yet.Method: Stevia rebaudiana dry extract (400 mg/kg BW) were given daily by oral gavage for 84 days in rat with diabetes. The measurement of blood glucose concentration were done monthly during the study. Urine output was analyzed on the day 1 and 84. Additionally, lipid profile were measured on the day 84.Results: Compared to the normal rat, significant hyperglycemia were observed in the diabetic rat. Blood glucose concentration tends to decrease in the rat received Stevia rebaudiana extract (St), however, significant difference was achieved on the day 84 of the study confronted to the diabetic rats. Moreover, lower concentration of plasma cholesterol concentration and urine output reduction was significantly observed in the St rat compared to the D rat on the day 84.Discussion: Daily intake of Stevia rebaudiana extract on its therapeutic doses may play beneficial role in the chronic diabetes mellitus by gradually reduced blood glucose concentration, urine output and plasma cholesterol concentration. However, further cellular analysis were required to explicate the exact mechanism.International Journal of Human and Health Sciences Vol. 05 No. 01 January’21 Page: 22-26

Cardiovascular outcomes of antidiabetic drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
Ranjit Kumar Nath ◽  
Neeraj Pandit ◽  
Ajay Raj ◽  
B.N Pandit ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Cardiovascular Outcomes ◽  
Antidiabetic Drugs ◽  
Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
The Us ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunctions ◽  
Glucose Reduction ◽  
Lipid Parameters

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a high risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Intensive blood glucose reduction with antidiabetic drugs significantly reduce microvascular complications but there is no strong evidence of reduction in cardiovascular (CV) events. In 2008, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued guidance to demonstrate cardiovascular safety of newer antidiabetic drugs in addition to reduction in blood glucose level. After which a number of CVOTs were conducted involving newer antidiabetic drugs. The newer drugs (e.g. GLP-1 RAs, SGLT2 inhibitors and DPP 4 inhibitors) might have potential effects on body weight, lipid parameters and blood pressure, as well as endothelial dysfunctions, inflammatory markers and oxidative stress. The current review summarizes the results of the main trials focused on the cardiovascular outcomes of traditional as well as newer antidiabetic drugs.

scholarly journals Protective effects of Buchholzia coriacea seeds extract and fractions on blood glucose and hyperlipidemia in diabetic rats

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1856
Author(s):  
Theophine Chinwuba Akunne ◽  
Laura C. Ilogu ◽  
Bonaventure C. Obi ◽  
Peter A. Akah
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Hexane Fraction ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Methanol Fraction ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Standard Assay ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Background: The Buchholzia coriacea seeds (Capparaceae) are used in Nigerian ethnomedicine for treatment of hyperglycemia. Our aim, therefore, is to evaluate antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic effects of extract and fractions of Bulcholzia coriacea seeds.Methods: The cut, dried and pulverized seeds were extracted with a mixture of methanol-dichloromethane (1:1) which yielded the crude extract, MDE. The MDE was fractionated using bioactive guided procedure and yielded hexane fraction (HF), ethylacetate fraction (EF) and methanol fraction (MF). Alloxan-induced diabetes, normoglycemic test and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were the antidiabetic models employed, while hypolipidemic study was performed using standard assay kits to determine the serum total cholesterol (TC) triglycerides (TG) and low density lipoproteins (LDL). Acute toxicity test of the extract was performed using Lorke’s method while qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses were also performed using standard procedures.Results: The results showed an oral median lethality dose (LD50) greater than 5000mg/kg. The extract and fractions showed significant antihyperglycemic effect comparable and in synergy to metformin, a standard agent. The extract (200mg/kg) showed the highest percentage blood glucose reduction (PBGR) of 52.89% while ethylacetate fraction (EF, 400mg/kg) showed PBGR of 50.84%. Also, the MDE and hexane fraction (HF) showed a significant reduction of TC, TG and LDL and related increase in HDL-C levels in diabetic treated rats.Conclusions: The extract and the fractions of Buchholzia coriacea seeds possess antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects and showed same mechanism of action as metformin, thus providing scientific rationale for its folkloric use.

scholarly journals Hypoglycemic and Hepatorenal Effect of Ocimium gratissimium in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
Igwe Gloria ◽  
Nsirim Nduka ◽  
G. Tamunoemine Davies ◽  
Brown Holy
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Glucose Reduction

Diabetes Mellitus is a disease of public health concern which is caused by pancreatic defect in insulin secretion or failure of the receptor cells to effectively utilize secreted insulin. Diabetes account for 2-3% death in the poorest countries hence the need for alternative control measure. This stud evaluated the hypoglycemic and hepatorenal effect of Ocimium gratissimium and glibenclamide in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Twenty- four rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of 4 animals in each group (1,2,3,4,5 & 6), groups 2,3,4,5 & 6 were induced diabetes intraperitoneally with 150 mg\kg alloxan (Sigma Ltd), diabetes was confirmed by fasting blood glucose of >10.0mmol/L. Groups 3,4,5 & 6 were subsequently treated with 400 mg/kg of extract, 5mg glibenclamide, 800 mg/kg of extract, 400 mg/kg extract combined with 5mg glibenclamide respectively. Blood glucose, hepatic function variables (Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alanine aminotransferase(ALT), Total bilirubin (TB) and renal parameters Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Urea were analyzed. The result shows an increase in glucose, hepatic and renal parameters in diabetic induced groups which was significantly reduced in a dose dependent manner in the diabetic treated groups, the high dose of the extract (800mg/kg) was more effective in blood glucose reduction than the standard antidiabetic drug, (5mg glibenclamide). However, 5mg glibenclamide was found to be more effective in blood glucose reduction than the low dose (400mg/kg) extract, the combination of 5mg glibenclamide and 400mg/kg was found to be more effective in blood glucose reduction than the low dose extract. A significant increase was observed in the Total bilirubin and urea parameters of the high dose (800mg/kg) of the extract treated groups and in the combined group (400 mg/kg+5 mg glibenclamide). When compared to the low dose extract group(400mg/kg). Low dose ocimium gratissimium potentiates 5mg glibenclamide in blood glucose reduction. Ocimium gratissimium and glibenclamide decreased blood glucose and ameliorates alloxan induced hepatic and renal damage. The use of the high dose of the extract and the use of the combination of the drug (5mg glibenclamide) and the low dose of the extract in diabetes management may be detrimental to the liver and kidney according to this study.

scholarly journals Chronic Antidiabetic Actions of Leptin: Evidence from Parabiosis Studies for a CNS-Derived Circulating Antidiabetic Factor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre A. da Silva ◽  
John E. Hall ◽  
Xuemei Dai ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Mateus C. Salgado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Glut4 Expression ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Glucose Reduction ◽  
Surgically Induced ◽  
Saline Vehicle ◽  
Antidiabetic Effects

We used parabiosis to determine whether the central nervous system (CNS)-mediated antidiabetic effects of leptin are mediated by release of a brain-derived circulating factor(s). Parabiosis was surgically induced at 4 weeks of age and an intracerebroventricular (ICV) cannula was placed in the lateral cerebral ventricles at 12 weeks of age for ICV infusion of leptin or saline vehicle. Ten days after surgery, food intake, body weight and blood glucose were measured for 5 consecutive days and insulin-deficiency diabetes was induced in all rats by a single streptozotocin (STZ) injection (40 mg/kg). Five days after STZ injection, leptin or vehicle was infused ICV for 7 days, followed by 5-day recovery period. STZ increased blood glucose and food intake. Chronic ICV leptin infusion restored normoglycemia in leptin-infused rats while reducing blood glucose by ~27% in conjoined vehicle-infused rats. This glucose reduction was caused mainly by decreased hepatic gluconeogenesis. Chronic ICV leptin infusion also reduced net cumulative food intake and increased GLUT4 expression in skeletal muscle in leptin/vehicle compared to vehicle/vehicle conjoined rats. These results indicate that leptin’s CNS-mediated antidiabetic effects are mediated, in part, by release into the systemic circulation of a leptin-stimulated factor(s) that enhances glucose utilization and reduces liver gluconeogenesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document