scholarly journals Object-oriented perception: towards a contrastive approach to evidentiality in media discourse

Kalbotyra ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 (69) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
Elena Domínguez Romero
Keyword(s):  
Object Oriented ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Perception Verbs ◽  
Similarities And Differences

This paper is a corpus-based study of the evidential realisations of object-oriented perception verbs in English and Spanish written and oral media discourse. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the different uses and complementation patterns taken by the English words look and sound and their Spanish counterparts se ve and suena. The procedure followed involves a contrastive analysis methodology: (i) description of data, (ii) juxtaposition and (iii) contrast. The data has been taken from oral and written media discourse corpora in English and Spanish. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the uses and complementation patterns adopted by object-oriented perception verbs in both written and oral English and Spanish, thus making a contribution to a debate in which Spanish has been obviated to date.

The construction of attitudinal stance

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pérez Blanco
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Working Procedure

This paper is a corpus-based contrastive study of the realization of negative attitudinal stance in English and Spanish discourse through the use of evaluative adjectives. The main aim of the study is to analyse and compare the grammatical patterns in which negative evaluative adjectives occur in each language and discuss the observed cross-linguistic differences in terms of the effects that alternative linguistic realizations have in the construction of evaluative discourse. The working procedure follows a contrastive analysis methodology: description of empirical data, juxtaposition and contrast. The descriptive data have been extracted from a large comparable corpus of English and Spanish newspaper opinion discourse. The study has revealed interesting similarities and differences in the construction of Attitude in each language, which are inferred by contrasting its surface structural features.

The discursive construction of accountability for communicative action to citizens: A contrastive analysis across Israeli and British media discourse

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-632
Author(s):  
Elda Weizman ◽  
Anita Fetzer
Keyword(s):  
Communicative Action ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Media Discourse ◽  
Discourse Communities ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Online Journalism ◽  
British English ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Daily Telegraph ◽  
The Guardian

Abstract This paper sets up to show how accountability for communicative action is constructed in online journalism as an object of talk, comparing British English and Israeli Hebrew discourse communities. The analysis utilizes a discourse-pragmatic frame of reference supplemented by cognitive semantics and corpus-assisted tools. The discussion draws on data collected from the websites of The Guardian and The Daily Telegraph, Ha’aretz and Ynet. Focusing on self- and other-positioning of commenters and columnists as citizens, we explore how the accountability of the elite for communicative action and the accountability of their actions to citizens are discursively constructed by ordinary persons (in their role as commenters) and by non-ordinary persons (in their role as columnists, including journalists, experts and authors). The analysis indicates conceptual similarities coupled with discursive differences between the discourse communities under study.

scholarly journals LOVE in English and Polish

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Brożyna Reczko
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Abstract Concept ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
The World ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
British National Corpus ◽  
National Corpus

LOVE in English and PolishThe paper presents a sample contrastive analysis of the linguistic picture of love in English and Polish. The material used in the survey is drawn from lexicographic data, including the British National Corpus and Narodowy Korpus Języka Polskiego [National Corpus of Polish]. The paper focuses on the similarities and differences in conceptualizing the abstract concept of love in the English and Polish languages. An analytical method, developed by Bartmiński and associates, serves as the theoretical basis for the reconstruction of the linguistic picture of the world. MIŁOŚĆ w języku angielskim i polskimNiniejszy artykuł to próba kontrastywnego porównania językowego obrazu świata MIŁOŚCI w języku angielskim i polskim. Materiał badawczy pochodzi głównie ze źródeł leksykograficznych: słowników oraz korpusów (Narodowego Korpusu Języka Polskiego oraz z korpusu języka angielskiego British National Corpus). Celem badania było poszukiwanie podobieństw i różnic w konceptualizacji MIŁOŚCI w tych dwóch językach. Metoda badawcza została zaczerpnięta z prac J. Bartmińskiego i dotyczy rekonstrukcji językowego obrazu świata różnych pojęć.

A contrastive analysis of absolute constructions in French, German and Norwegian

2010 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Hobæk Haff
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
General Question ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
The One ◽  
Germanic Languages ◽  
Matrix Subject

This paper is an exploration of similarities and differences concerning absolute constructions in French, German and Norwegian. In the first part, I have examined a more general question raised by these constructions: the connections between these types of absolute constructions and the matrix subject. I have shown that the means by which the absolute constructions are related to the subject can be morphosyntactic, semantic and pragmatic. The second part contains a purely contrastive analysis. Two issues have been examined: on the one hand, the absolute constructions and their congruent and non-congruent correspondences, on the other, the use of determiners. Essentially, French is different from the two Germanic languages, but similarities also exist between French and German, which are the center of a European Sprachbund.

scholarly journals Der Gebrauch des Perfekts – Ein Erklärungsmodell aus thailändischer Perspektive

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Korakoch Attaviriyanupap
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Reference Points ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Perfective Aspect ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Speech Time ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Present Tense

In grammar and textbooks of German as a foreign language the German perfect tense (Perfekt) is mostly presented as an alternative to the preterite tense (Präteritum). However, the German perfect tense itself deserves greater attention due to its wide range of usages. This tense can mark events with reference points located either before, simultaneous with and even after the speech time. For Thai learners of German it has been established that difficulties in learning how to use the German perfect tense are not primarily concerned with problems of choosing between the perfect and the preterite but rather between the perfect tense and the present tense. This paper focuses on the aspect of "completeness", comparable to the perfective aspect, leading to different effects in the usage of the German perfect. Since German is mostly learned as a second foreign language after English, a contrastive analysis of similarities and differences between the perfect tenses in English and German have to be included in the analysis. In the conclusion, a possible description of the German perfect tense for learners of German as a foreign language is suggested.

scholarly journals Contrastive Analysis of British and American English in Relation To Teaching English as a Foreign Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2367-2372
Author(s):  
Novalina Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Research Finding ◽  
American English ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Teaching English ◽  
British English ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Descriptive Method

This research was a descriptive research which was aimed at finding out the similarities, dissimilarities and the contributions of the contrastive analysis on teaching English as a foreign language. The data of this research were collected through library and internet sources. The researchers use comparative descriptive method to analyse the data. The obtained results was the comparison of American and British English in vocabulary, grammar, spelling, pronunciation and the contributions of them in teaching English as a foreign language. The research finding shows that British and American English are very similar in many aspects. Even though British and American English are mostly similar, they also have some differences. The difference of British and American English can be found in terms of vocabulary, grammar, spelling and pronunciation. Among them, vocabulary is the largest one. It is suggested that lecturers and teachers aware of the similarities and differences between British and American English in teaching English as a foreign language so that it will lead to the successful teaching of English including its varieties.

scholarly journals A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF SIMPLE SENTENCES IN ENGLISH AND JAVANESE LANGUAGE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitriyani Fitriyani ◽  
D.P. Ramendra ◽  
I.W. Swandana
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Simple Sentence ◽  
Verb Phrase ◽  
Auxiliary Verbs ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
English Textbooks ◽  
Simple Sentences ◽  
Action Verbs

This research studied about English and Javanese simple sentences which aimed to find the similarities and differences between English simple sentences and Javanese language. This study is descriptive qualitative research that applied contrastive analysis as the methodology. The data were taken from English textbooks and Javanese magazines. The results of this study showed there were similarities and differences in English and Javanese language simple sentences. The similarities were (1) some of simple sentence have similar patterns were SP for verbal sentence and SPO patterns. (2) the major elements were subject and predicator. The differences were (1) Javanese language had SP pattern for nominal, adjectival, prepositional, and numeral sentence. While in English there was no pattern. (2) In English, predicator must be in verb phrase: auxiliary verbs, linking verbs, or action verbs. However, In Javanese language, the predicator of a sentence might be in verb phrase, adjectival phrase, and prepositional phrase.

scholarly journals CONTRASTIVEANALYSISOFENGLISHANDKAZAKHPHRASEOL OGYCLOSETOMEANING

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196
Author(s):  
Zh.A. Sadirbekova ◽  
◽  
U.U. Beknazarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Related Group ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Main Language

Currently, it is interesting and relevant for linguists to understand the unknown aspects of the problems related to the Kazakh and English languages, their common patterns and features. One of the main language units that needed to be contributed to study is phraseology. In this paper, the similarities and differences of similar phraseologies are contrasted in different as aglutative Kazakh and analytical English languages. Kazakh and English does not belong to related group of family. It is considered depending on the types of phraseology in Kazakh and English6 the external identity of phraseological phrases, the semantic nature and their semantic integrity, and the meaning of phrases. Examples of phraseology are taken from the works of Kazakh and English poets and phrasal dictionaries. In addition, types and groups of phraseology, similarities and features of analogy types in both languages are described. Keywords: phraseological units,culture, verbal phraseology, contrastive analysis

scholarly journals A Contrastive Analysis of Yusuf Islam and Zakir Naik’s Styles of Religious Propagation (or Preaching)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-86
Author(s):  
Maziah Mustapha ◽  
Mohd Abbas Abdul Razak
Keyword(s):  
Textual Analysis ◽  
Public Speaking ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Religious Discourse ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Islam And Christianity ◽  
Similarities And Differences

Like Christianity, Islam promotes religious propagation to Muslims and non-Muslims alike. As such, Islam and Da’wah (promulgation) are words inseparable in the Muslim world. Propagation done through acts of kindness and beautiful preaching are highly recommended in the Qur’an and Sunnah. As a peace-loving religion, Islam calls for a resourceful methodology in disseminating the lofty ideas and ideals enshrined in its holy scripture. Moreover, the Prophet of Islam himself demonstrated to his followers on the rightful manner in which the religion should be promulgated, not only to the Muslims but also to non-Muslims. Taking precedent from the Prophet and his followers, this paper examines the styles and methodologies used by two renowned contemporary Muslim preachers; Yusuf Islam (1948-till present)[1] and Zakir Naik (1965-till present). In the Muslim world, both of them are merited for their intellectual competency in engaging their audience in any form of religious discourse, particularly pertaining to Islam and Christianity. Their personalities and contributions have drawn the interest of the researchers to conduct a contrastive analysis on both of these celebrated Islamic preachers. More specifically, this study will objectively look into the similarities and differences exhibited in their methodology, body language and styles of public speaking, etc. The Textual-Analysis method will be employed to interpret the relevant data related to this study that can be retrieved from their public lectures and written documents.

scholarly journals تغيرات الزيادة العربية والإندونيسية و تأديّتها في تعليم اللغة العربية

Abjadia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhamad Isbah Habibii
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
First Language ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Contrastive Analysis ◽  
Language Analysis ◽  
Level Of Difficulty ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

<p>منذ 28 أكتوبر 1928 تكون اللغة الإندونيسية لغة رسمية في الإندونيسيا، وهي من اللغات الأوسترونية. ويبدو واضحا من الاختلافات الأنفة الذكر أنها يسبب لأخطأ دارس اللغة العربية. الدارس كثيراما يبدأ الأخطأ في عملية تدريس اللغة العربية. ومن بين اسباب الأخطأ هي خصائص اللغة الثانية أو لغة الهدف لا توجد في لغته الأم. أما المنهج الذي انتجته الباحثة في هذه الدراسة فهو البحث الوصفي والمنهج البحث المكتبي والميداني، ولتحقيقه استخدم هذا البحث البحث الإجرائي. ونتائج هذا البحث قسمان. الأول: وجوه التشبّهات و الإختلافات: فوجوه التشبّهات توجد 10 تشبّهات. ووجوه الإختلافات توجد 25 إختلافات. والثاني: تأديّته في تعليم اللغة العربية. أ) إن وجوه الإختلافات تؤدي إلى مواجهة الصعوبة في مهارة الكتابة. فينبغي للمدرس أن يختار وجوه التشبّهات؛ ب) هذه التقايلية كالأساس في صياغ التقنيق التعليمي في تعليم اللغة العربية ل سيما في ترتيب المواد اللغة لتكون سهلة ولائقة حسب المستوى</p><p>Since October 28, 1928, Indonesian language is officially used by the Indonesian as national language. And when viewed from the clump of this language includes Austronesian based on the classification, and Arabic language includes semid based on the classification. This difference of classification leads to errors in learners’  language. Such as the first language fragmentation of a second language (Arabic) which is also called Interference language. To analyze this research,  the researcher used contrastive analysis. The instruments used in this study are documentation, observation and interviews. The results of this study are divided into two poin, including: similarities and differences Affix Arabic And Indonesian. The first: aspect of the similarities there are ten similarities, and aspects of the two aspects of difference there are twenty-five differences. Second: The implication in maharah kitabah are: a) The contrastive analysis can be used to predict the mistakes of students studying foreign languages. The points of difference in each of the first and second language levels will give students difficulties in learning the second language. Preferably the same items will make it easier for students to learn a second language; b) The contrastive analysis can provide a comprehensive and consistent contribution and as a means of controlling the preparation of teaching materials and second language lessons efficiently. By comparison of differences in each level of language analysis, the material can be arranged according to the level of difficulty of each level.</p><p>Sejak tanggal 28 Oktober 1928, bahasa Indonesia resmi digunakan oleh bangsa Indonesia sebagai bahasa nasional. Jika dilihat dari rumpunnya, bahasa ini termasuk rumpun bahasa Austronesia. Sedangkan bahasa Arab merupakan bahasa Semit. Perbedaan rumpun ini menyebabkan terjadinya kesalahan-kesalahan pada para pelajar bahasa tersebut seperti pergesekan bahasa pertama terhadap bahasa kedua (bahasa Arab) yang disebut juga dengan Interferensi bahasa. Peneliti menggunakan analisis kontrastif. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah dokumentasi, observasi dan wawancara. Adapun hasil penelitian ini terbagi menjadi dua, diantaranya: 1) Persamaan dan perbedaan afiksasi dalam bahasa Arab dan Indonesia. Terdapat sepuluh persamaan, meliputi faidah afiksasi dalam kedua bahasa. Selain itu, terdapat dua puluh lima perbedaan meliputi faidah afiksasi yang ada dalam kedua bahasa. 2) Implikasi Anakon terhadap maharah kitabah adalah: a) anakon dapat digunakan untuk meramal kesalahan siswa mempelajari bahasa asing atau bahasa kedua. Butir-butir perbedaan dalam tiap-tiap tataran bahasa pertama dan kedua memberikan kesulitan kepada para siswa dalam mempelajari bahasa kedua itu. Sebaiknya, guru menggunakan butir-butir yang sama untuk mempermudah siswa mempelajari bahasa kedua;  b) anakon dapat memberikan satu sumbangan yang menyeluruh dan konsisten sebagai alat pengendali penyusunan materi pengajaran dan pelajaran bahasa kedua secara efisien. Dengan membandingkan perbedaan pada setiap tataran analisis bahasa, bahan ajar dapat disusun sesuai dengan tingkat kesulitan masing-masing tataran</p>

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