scholarly journals Neuroischeminės pėdos infekcija ir revaskuliarizacijos galimybės

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Vytautas Triponis ◽  
Dalia Triponienė ◽  
Birutė Vaišnytė ◽  
Stanislovas Ščerbinskas

Vytautas Triponis, Dalia Triponienė, Birutė Vaišnytė, Stanislovas ŠčerbinskasVilniaus universiteto Bendrosios ir kraujagyslių chirurgijos klinika Įvadas / tikslas Požiūris, kad sergančiajam cukralige, kai pakinklio arterijos pulsas gerai užčiuopiamas, o pėdos ischemija progresuoja, geriau atlikti amputaciją, dabar laikomas klaidingu. Tačiau, jeigu yra pado tarpo infekcija, galūnę išsaugoti beveik niekada nepavyksta. Šio darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti rekonstrukcinių arterijų operacijų, atliktų sergantiesiems cukralige, rezultatus ir juos įvertinti atsižvelgiant į arterijų patologijos pobūdį ir pėdos infekciją. Metodai Operuota 1211 cukriniu diabetu sergančių ligonių. Pagal galūnių kraujotakos sutrikimo stadijas ligoniai pasiskirstė taip: šlubavimas – 36 (3,0 %), nuolatiniai skausmai – 368 (30,4 %), gangrena – 807 (66,6 %). Pėdos infekcija buvo 239 (29,6 %) ligoniams, iš jų 77 (9,5 %) infekcija išplito. Atliktos arterijų rekonstrukcinės operacijos: aortos ir klubinių arterijų rekonstrukcija – 71, šlaunies ir pakinklio arterijų endarterektomija ir šuntavimas – 409, blauzdos arterijų šuntavimas – 451, pėdos arterijų šuntavimas – 188, perkutaninė transliuminalinė angioplastika – 92 ligoniams. Rezultatai Nustatyta, kad veiksmingiausi antibiotikai buvo: cefoperazonas – 23 (10,4), ceftazidimas – 23 (10,4 %), gentamicinas – 26 (11,8 %), ampicilinas-sulbaktamas – 20 (9,1 % ), amoksicilinas-klavulano rūgštis – 20 (9,1 %) ligonių. Penicilinams flora buvo jautri 0,5–4,1 % pasėlių. Iš 239 ligonių 124 (51,9 %) gydyti penicilinais (penicilinu arba ampicilinu). Antibiotikais, kuriems buvo jautrūs identifikuoti mikrobai, dažniausiai cefalosporinais arba cefalosporinų ir gentamicino deriniu, buvo gydyta 115 (48,1 %) ligonių. Iš 1211 ligonių 942 (77,8 %) pėdos funkcija išliko nepakitusi arba šiek tiek sutriko. Pėdos nepavyko išsaugoti 181 (14,9 %) ligoniui. Iš 181 ligonio 70 (38,6 %) amputacija buvo atlikta dėl užleistos ir netinkamai gydytos infekcijos: gydyta tik penicilinais ir neatsižvelgiant į bakterijų jautrumo antibiotikams duomenis. Kitos amputacijos buvo susijusios su nesėkminga rekonstrukcine arterijų operacija. 88 ligoniams, kuriems buvo atlikta sritinė pėdos amputacija, infekciją pavyko nugalėti mechaniškai pašalinant infekcijos židinį ir gydant antibiotikais pagal bakterijų jautrumą. Išvados Dažniausias kraujotakos atkūrimo metodas buvo šuntavimas autovena tiesiai į blauzdos arba pėdos arterijas. Kraujotakos atkūrimo efektas mažai tesiskyrė, kai buvo operuojamos blauzdos ir pėdos arterijos ir kai buvo rekonstruojama šlaunies arterija. Aterosklerozės pažeistos blauzdos ir pėdos arterijos bei pėdos infekcija buvo pats svarbiausias kliuvinys išsaugoti pėdą. Prasminiai žodžiai: cukrinis diabetas, arterijų užakimas, pėdos infekcija, rekonstrukcinės arterijų operacijos. Neuroischemic foot infection and revascularisation possibilities Vytautas Triponis, Dalia Triponienė, Birutė Vaišnytė, Stanislovas Ščerbinskas Background / objective The aim of the study was to analyze the results of the treatment of neuroischemic foot and to assess the role of foot infection. Methods In 1211 patients reconstructive arterial surgery was performed combining the procedure with foot regional amputations and antimicrobial therapy. The following reconstructions were performed: aortoiliac 71, femoropopliteal 409, tibial 451, bypass to the dorsalis pedis 188, and PTA 92. Results / conclusions The most effective antibiotics were cephoperazone 23 (10.4%), ceftazidime 23 (10.4%), gentamicin 26 (11.8%), ampicillin-sulbactam 20 (9.1% ), amoxycillin-clavulanic acid 20 (9.1%). Microbes were sensitive to penicillin in 0.5–4.1% cases. Of 239 patients, 124 (51.9%) were treated with penicillin. Cephalosporins in combination with aminoglycosides were used in 115 (48.1%) patients. The foot function was saved in 942 (77.8%). Foot salvage procedures were not successful in 181 (14.9%) patients. In this group, 70 (38.6%) amputations were done because of progressing infection and inadequate antimicrobial treatment. The rest of amputations were conditioned by bad runoff. In 88 patients in whom the regional amputations were performed infection was overcome by using antibiotics according to the sensitivity tests. Keywords: diabetes mellitus, arterial occlusive disease, foot infection, reconstructive arterial surgery.

Author(s):  
Vaishnavi Joshi ◽  
Rajendra Huparikar

Diabetes Mellitus refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycemias. Depending upon factors contributing to hyperglycemia include reduced insulin secretion, glucose utilization and increased glucose production. Diabetes mellitus is now become most common among all diseases in the present era. In India, this is increasing rapidly and seems that India is going to be capital of Diabetes Mellitus in next coming years. According to Ayurvedic texts, Acharya Charaka has explained about Prameha which can be com- pared with Diabetes Mellitus. The main symptom of Prameha is ‘Prabhuta Aavila Mutrata. Tridosha dushti in Prameha progressively leads to affect Rasa, Meda, Shukra, Ambu, Lasika, Majja and Oja. All these affected Dosha and Dushya influence Basti and manifest the symptom like ‘Prabhuta Avila Mutrata’. Virechana was giv- en in this case because Acharya Charak has mentioned dushti of Kapha, Pitta and Vata is present in Prameha. Phalashruti of Virechana says that there is elimination of Dosha in the sequence of Vit (mala), Pitta, Kapha, Anil. Hence role of Virechana is important in the Chikitsa of Prameha. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Prameha, Samshodhan, Virechan.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milo Gatti ◽  
Pier Giorgio Cojutti ◽  
Caterina Campoli ◽  
Fabio Caramelli ◽  
Luigi Tommaso Corvaglia ◽  
...  

Introduction: Antimicrobial treatment is quite common among hospitalized children. The dynamic age-associated physiological variations coupled with the pathophysiological alterations caused by underlying illness and potential drug-drug interactions makes the implementation of appropriate antimicrobial dosing extremely challenging among paediatrics. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) may represent a valuable tool for assisting clinicians in optimizing antimicrobial exposure. Clinical pharmacological advice (CPA) is an approach based on the correct interpretation of the TDM result by the MD Clinical Pharmacologist in relation to specific underlying conditions, namely the antimicrobial susceptibility of the clinical isolate, the site of infection, the pathophysiological characteristics of the patient and/or the drug-drug interactions of cotreatments. The aim of this study was to assess the role of TDM-based CPAs in providing useful recommendations for the real-time personalization of antimicrobial dosing regimens in various paediatric settings.Materials and methods: Paediatric patients who were admitted to different settings of the IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria of Bologna, Italy (paediatric intensive care unit [ICU], paediatric onco-haematology, neonatology, and emergency paediatric ward), between January 2021 and June 2021 and who received TDM-based CPAs on real-time for personalization of antimicrobial therapy were retrospectively assessed. Demographic and clinical features, CPAs delivered in relation to different settings and antimicrobials, and type of dosing adjustments were extracted. Two indicators of performance were identified. The number of dosing adjustments provided over the total number of delivered CPAs. The turnaround time (TAT) of CPAs according to a predefined scale (optimal, <12 h; quasi-optimal, between 12–24 h; acceptable, between 24–48 h; suboptimal, >48 h).Results: Overall, 247 CPAs were delivered to 53 paediatric patients (mean 4.7 ± 3.7 CPAs/patient). Most were delivered to onco-haematological patients (39.6%) and to ICU patients (35.8%), and concerned mainly isavuconazole (19.0%) and voriconazole (17.8%). Overall, CPAs suggested dosing adjustments in 37.7% of cases (24.3% increases and 13.4% decreases). Median TAT was 7.5 h (IQR 6.1–8.8 h). Overall, CPAs TAT was optimal in 91.5% of cases, and suboptimal in only 0.8% of cases.Discussion: Our study provides a proof of concept of the helpful role that TDM-based real-time CPAs may have in optimizing antimicrobial exposure in different challenging paediatric scenarios.


Author(s):  
Chresni F. Wijaya

Objective: To find out whether diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension is associated with endometrial cancer and could increase the staging of the cancer. Method: This was an analytic retrospective descriptive study with cross sectional design. Data were taken from the medical record of patients diagnosed as having endometrial cancer in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital from 1st January 2007 - 31st December 2011 and analyzed descriptively. Result: There were 125 cases of endometrial cancer. Prevalence was 2.56 %. The incidence increased in age > 40 y/o (92 %) and had diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension (66.4 %). Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension were associated with risk factors of endometrial cancer but not proven to increase the staging of the cancer. [Indones J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 36-3: 140-3] Keywords: diabetes mellitus, endometrial cancer, hypertension


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Meta Adiwinata Atmaja ◽  
Noor Diani ◽  
Devi Rahmayanti

ABSTRAKDiabetes mellitus merupakan penyakit yang tidak bisa disembuhkan tapi bisa di dikendalikan dengan penggunaan insulin namun, dalam memberikan pengobatan injeksi insulin yang benar adalah benar dosis, benar cara, benar waktu dan benar lokasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai penggunaan injeksi insulin pen pada penderita diabetes mellitus di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif untuk mendeskripsikan peristiwa-peristiwa penting yang terjadi. Responden berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan accedental sampling. Waktu penelitian bulan Desember 2016-Januari 2017. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa kuesioner demografi dan format penilaian untuk mengevaluasi cara penggunaan injeksi insulin pen. Hasil penelitian menunjukan data 20 (66,7%) responden sudah tepat dan benar dalam menggunakan injeksi insulin pen dan 10 (33,3%) responden yang belum tepat dan benar dalam menggunakan injeksi insulin pen. Perlu dilakukan program untuk mengevaluasi tentang cara penggunaan injeksi  insuin  pen  sehingga  mampu  mengoptimalkan  penerapan  penggunaan injeksi insulin pen yang baik dan tepat.Kata-kata kunci: diabetes mellitus, evaluasi insulin, insulin.ABSTRACTDiabetes mellitus is one of a disease that can not be cured but can be control with insulin treatment. However, in providing treatment of insulin injections also with right dose, right lane, right time and right location. This study aims to Assessed the use of insulin pen injection on diabetes mellitus patients in hospital Ulin Banjarmasin. This study was used a descriptive method to described the important events that occurred. Respondents were 30 people. The sampling technique used accidental sampling. Study scheduled in December 2016-January 2017. The instruments used were a questionnaire on demographic and format of assessment to evaluate how to use insulin pen injection. The results showed the data of 20 (66.7%) of respondents were corrected and in the proper used of insulin injection pen and 10 (33.3%) of respondents were not precised and corrected in using insulin pen injection. It should be carried out to evaluate the program on how to use Insulin pen injection so as to optimised the use of the application insulin injection pen that is good and right. Keywords : diabetes mellitus, evaluation of insulin, insulin.


Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects a high proportion of the Brazilian population. Various organs are affected, including oral tissues. Thus, the objective of this article is to review the relationship between DM and oral health, highlighting the importance of the dentist's performance in affected patients. The method used was a literature review using the following databases: LILACS, BBO, SCIELO and Google Scholar, using the keywords: diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus and dentistry, dentist and diabetic patients. The method used was a literature review using the following databases: LILACS, BBO, SCIELO and Google Scholar, using the keywords: diabetes mellitus, diabetes mellitus and dentistry, dentist and diabetic patients. As a result, it showed the consensus among studies on the finding that patients with DM have oral problems, gingival and periodontal disease, abnormalities in the composition of saliva, among others. Regarding caries in diabetics, there is no unanimity, some studies confirm the increase in caries in this group, in others this relationship is not significant. The study shows that dental control is paramount in the treatment and prevention of DM. Oral health education can minimize the risks caused by this pathology. The well-prepared dentist can contribute to the prevention and early diagnosis of diabetes complications, an essential factor for a good treatment of the disease and a better quality of life for these individuals.


Author(s):  
Aditya Bhat ◽  
Geetha Kumari S

Diabetes is among the most common lifestyle disorders of the modern era. The current approach towards its prevention and management is largely based on diet and lifestyle modifications. As increased body weight and serum lipids have been implicated in the risk factors of diabetes, measures to reduce them have a significant role to play. Udvartana described as a diurnal practice for health maintenance in Ayurveda plays an important role in the prevention and management of diabetes. Clinical studies have shown that Udvartana helps in reducing body weight as well as serum lipids. A review of the role of Udvartana in the prevention and management of diabetes is attempted here. Keywords: Diabetes; Udvartana; Body weight; Serum lipids.


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Milena Borges De Castro ◽  
Vitoria Aguiar De Faria ◽  
Edilberto Vanconcelos Pereira Júnior ◽  
Izabela Aguiar De Faria ◽  
Iago Assunção Pereira ◽  
...  

Introdução: A retinopatia diabética é uma severa complicação recorrente do diabetes 1 e 2, afastá-la exige um acompanhamento médico enérgico e uma atenção principalmente para o controle de seus fatores de risco. Objetivo: Identificar fatores de risco para retinopatia diabética a partir de publicações recentes em base de dados diversas.  Metodologia: Pesquisa retrospectiva, não-sistemática das bases de dados Lilacs, SciELO e Pubmed empregando os termos “retinopatia diabética”, “diabetes mellitus”, “fatores de risco”, “nefropatia diabética”, “glaucoma”, “catarata”, “miopia”, “controle glicêmico”, “hipertensão”, “dislipidemia”, “obesidade”, “gestação” e seus equivalentes em língua inglesa. Resultados: Os principais fatores de risco elegidos foram divididos em seções didáticas e explanados para melhor elucidação do tema. Conclusão: Fatores de risco para retinopatia diabética há algumas décadas são discutidos e avaliados em diversas pesquisas por diferentes regiões e mostram resultados confluentes em todo mundo.   Palavras-chave: Diabetes Mellitus, Retinopatia diabética, Fatores de risco. ABSTRACT Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is a severe recurrent complication of diabetes 1 and 2, moving it away requires vigorous medical monitoring and attention primarily to control of its risk factors. Objective: To identify risk factors for diabetic retinopathy from recent publications in a variety of databases. Methods: Non-systematic search of Lilacs, SciELO and Pubmed databases using the terms "diabetic retinopathy", "diabetes mellitus", "risk factors", "diabetic nephropathy", "glaucoma", "cataract", "myopia", "Glycemic control", "hypertension", "dyslipidemia", "obesity", "gestation" And their equivalents in English. Results: The main risk factors chosen were divided into didactic sections and explanations to better elucidate the theme. Conclusion: Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy for some decades are discussed and evaluated in several researches by different regions and show confluent results worldwide. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic retinopathy, Risk factors.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Mutiarani Dasha Hanggaresty ◽  
Ni Kadek Warditiani

Background: Diabetes mellitus which is characterized by hyperglycemia is a metabolic disease due to insulin action, defects in insulin secretion, or both. Various studies have shown that herbs that have a hypoglycemic effect can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Generally, herbs can slow down the complications of diabetes mellitus and improve metabolism. The ability of plants to restore the function of pancreatic tissue to increase insulin production or make it easier for insulin to process glucose is related to the effects of hypoglycemia. Objective: Comparing plants that have a hypoglycemic activity that can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia. Methods: studying literature from various databases, websites, national journals, and relevant international journals to identify plants that have hypoglycemic activity. Results: The mechanism A. sativum as a hypoglycemic involves different fiber viscosities; A. vera involved as a hypoglycemic by protecting pancreatic? cells; Asiatic acid in C. asiatica increasing glycolysis by restoring the activity of key enzymes; G. max inhibiting ?-amylase and the stigmasterol increasing the absorption of blood glucose and reducing insulin resistance; P. macrocarpa exert their antidiabetic action via ?-glucosidase modulation, an extra distinctive pancreatic mechanism; S. arvensis has the potential to inhibit ?-amylase enzymes. Conclusions: This review article has presented 6 detailed comparisons of plants that have a hypoglycemic activity that can be used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus in Indonesia and we believe can be useful for students, researchers, or practitioners. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, Indonesian plants


Author(s):  
Mayuri Shankar Kamble ◽  
Rashmi Anil Kale

Abstract- Diabetes mellitus is reaching potentially epidemic proportion in India. The level of morbidity and mortality due to diabetes and its potential complications are diabetes is now being shown to be associated with a spectrum of complications and to be occurring at a relatively younger age within the country.             Patients suffering from Prameha may develop Prameha pidika are of ten types. Among this types most are resembles with carbuncle and abscess, these must be treated surgically. This study was designed in questionnaire to study details of diabetes patients and evaluate incidence rate of surgical interventions required in Diabetes mellitus which is described in Ayurveda as Prameha and its prevalence in current scenario. Surgical interventions include amputation, debridement and fasciotomy followed by skin grafting in few cases.             This is retrograde observational study, include of surgical interventions in IPD patients of Diabetes mellitus in an equipped hospital from eastern region of Pune, having OPD 70 to 100 patients per day of surgery department. Keywords- Diabetes mellitus, amputation, debridement and fasciotomy


2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Leman

Abstrak: Diabetes melitus banyak ditemukan di negara berkembang, dengan konsekuensi cukup seringnya pasien diabetes yang berkunjung ke tempat praktek dokter gigi. Diabetes melitus merupakan penyakit yang kompleks dengan berbagai tingkat komplikasi sistemik dan pada rongga mulut. Jaringan periodonsium juga merupakan sasaran kerusakan akibat penyakit diabetes melitus. Beberapa tahun terakhir ini, hubungan antara periodontitis dan diabetes melitus telah dikemukakan. Dengan demikian penanganan gigi dan mulut yang tepat pada pasien dengan riwayat diabetes mellitus perlu ditingkatkan.Kata kunci: diabetes melitus, penyakit periodontal, penanganan gigi dan mulut Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is pandemic in both developed and developing countries. As a consequence, diabetic patients are commonly encountered in the dental office. Diabetes mellitus is a complex disease with varying degrees of systemic and oral complications. The periodontium is also a target for diabetic damage. In recent years, a link between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus has been postulated; therefore, a proper dental management in diabetic patients has to be improved. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, periodontal disease, dental management


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