Antibacterial activities of rosemary essential oils and their components against pathogenic bacteria

The present work aimed to study the composition and antibacterial properties of the essential oils (EO) of Ocotea zahamenensis leaves (LEO), stem (SEO) and root (REO) barks from two harvest periods (March and June). All EOs were extracted by hydrodistillation from fresh plant parts with yields up to 4.5%. They are colourless, clear, with a strong odour, heavy, levogyre, with a low acid index and an ester index up to 14.89. Gas chromatography/flame ionisation detection analysis of these EOs identified 5 to 12 components representing 96.06 to 99.96% of the overall composition. Safrole was by far the most predominant constituent with contents ranging from 77.45% (SEO, June) to 97.05% (REO, March). The antibacterial activity was tested against eight pathogenic bacteria including 4 Gram (-) and 4 Gram (+) using microdilution assays. With Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values of less than 1 mg/mL, all EOs showed antibacterial activity which varied according to the strain. There was not much difference between the activities of March and June Eos, and in both cases SEO were slightly more effective than LEO and REO. All EOs had bacteriostatic action on Bacillus cereus and Vibrio fischeri and bactericidal on almost other strains. When administered orally to mice at 0.5 mg/kg body weight, all EOs caused symptoms of intoxication. Their LD50 varied from 1.019 to 2.73 g/kg body weight. These EOs could be a new source of safrole and could be used for various purposes with further toxicological studies.

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The Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of the Essential Oils of Marrubium vulgare Growing Wild in Eastern Algeria

International Letters of Chemistry Physics and Astronomy ◽

10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.15.159 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 159-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abderazak Abadi ◽

Abdellatif Fahima

Keyword(s):

Gas Chromatography ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽

Marrubium Vulgare ◽

Eastern Algeria

The chemical composition was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The constituents were identified by their mass spectra and Kovats’ indices. Fivety (50) components in the oil of M. vulgare were identified. The results demonstrated that the major components of the essential oil were: 4,8,12,16-Tetramethyl heptadecan-4-olid (16.97%), Germacrene D-4-ol (9.61%), α- pinéne (9.37%), Phytol (4.87%), Dehydro-sabina ketone (4.12%), Piperitone (3.27%), δ-Cadinene (3.13%), 1-Octen-3-ol (2.35%) and Benzaldehyde (2.31%). The antioxidant activity of the oils was assessed by measurement of metal chelating activity, the reductive potential, the free radical scavenging (DPPH) assay. The antioxidant activity was compared with that of synthetic antioxidants: butylated hydroxyanisole (BHT), and the essential oils. The results showed as the Essential oil of M. vulgare was evaluated for its antibacterial activities against Gram-positive and Gram negative pathogenic bacteria: Listeria monocytogene, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Salmonella enterica.

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ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF ESSENTIAL OILS AND EXTRACTS OF SATUREJA SPECIES AGAINST PLANT PATHOGENIC BACTERIA IN BEAN

Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.46876/ja.825656 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mesude Figen DÖNMEZ ◽

Badel UYSAL ŞAHİN ◽

Ayşe USANMAZ BOZHÜYÜK

Keyword(s):

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

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Antibacterial potential of essential oils of Zataria multiflora and Mentha piperita, micro- and nano-formulated forms

Iranian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.18502/ijm.v12i1.2517 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mahmoud Osanloo ◽

Abbas Abdollahi ◽

Alireza Valizadeh ◽

Niloufar Abedinpour

Keyword(s):

Particle Size ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Mentha Piperita ◽

Zataria Multiflora ◽

Microdilution Method ◽

Better Than ◽

Antibacterial Potential

Background and Objectives: Plant-derived essential oils (EOs) shave many usages in health and medicine, such as anti- bacterial agents. The aim of this study was the improvement of antibacterial activities of two EOs using nanotechnology. Materials and Methods: Antibacterial activity was investigated on four important human pathogenic bacteria using the 96-well plate microdilution method, a quantitative approach. Eleven formulations were prepared using each of the EOs. Eventually, the best nanoformulation with the smallest particle size and polydispersive indices (PDI and SPAN) was selected using each EO for further investigations. Moreover, two microemulsions with similar ingredients and the same portion in comparison with two selected nanoemulsions were also prepared. Antibacterial activity of each EO was compared with its micro- and nano-emulsions. Results: The antibacterial efficacy of Zataria multiflora EO (ZMEO) was significantly better than Mentha piperita EO (MPEO). Besides, the antibacterial activity of nanoemulsion of ZMEO with a particle size of 129 ± 12 nm was significantly better than no- and micro-formulated forms of ZMEO. Interestingly, the efficiency of MPEO nanoemulsion (160 ± 25 nm) was also significantly better than MPEO and its micro-formulated form. Conclusion: Regardless of the intrinsic antibacterial property of two examined EOs, by formulating to nanoemulsion, their efficiencies were improved. Nanoemulsion of ZMEO introduced as an inexpensive, potent and green antibacterial agent.

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Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils ofTagetes minuta(Asteraceae) against Selected Plant Pathogenic Bacteria

International Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1155/2016/7352509 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Martin Muthee Gakuubi ◽

John M. Wagacha ◽

Saifuddin F. Dossaji ◽

Wycliffe Wanzala

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Scientific Basis ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Phytopathogenic Bacteria ◽

Xanthomonas Axonopodis

The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and antibacterial activity of essential oils (EOs) ofTagetes minutaagainst three phytopathogenic bacteriaPseudomonas savastanoipv.phaseolicola,Xanthomonas axonopodispv.phaseoli, andXanthomonas axonopodispv.manihotis. The essential oils were extracted using steam distillation method in a modified Clevenger-type apparatus while antibacterial activity of the EOs was evaluated by disc diffusion method. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was used for analysis of the chemical profile of the EOs. Twenty compounds corresponding to 96% of the total essential oils were identified with 70% and 30% of the identified components being monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, respectively. The essential oils ofT. minutarevealed promising antibacterial activities against the test pathogens withPseudomonas savastanoipv.phaseolicolabeing the most susceptible with mean inhibition zone diameters of 41.83 and 44.83 mm after 24 and 48 hours, respectively.The minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations of the EOs on the test bacteria were in the ranges of 24–48 mg/mL and 95–190 mg/mL, respectively. These findings provide a scientific basis for the use ofT. minutaessential oils as a botanical pesticide for management of phytopathogenic bacteria.

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Phytochemical Analysis and Study of Antioxidant, Anticandidal, and Antibacterial Activities of Teucrium polium subsp. polium and Micromeria graeca (Lamiaceae) Essential Oils from Northern Morocco

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2021/6641720 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Taoufiq Benali ◽

Khaoula Habbadi ◽

Abdelhakim Bouyahya ◽

Abdelmajid Khabbach ◽

Ilias Marmouzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Composition ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Reducing Power ◽

Antimicrobial Effect ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Food Preservation ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Teucrium Polium

The protection of agricultural crops and the preservation of the organoleptic and health qualities of food products represent a major challenge for the agricultural and agro-food industries. Essential oils have received greater attention as alternatives to replace the control strategies based on pesticides against phytopathogenic bacteria and synthetic compounds in food preservation. The aims of this work were to study the chemical composition of Teucrium polium subsp. polium and Micromeria graeca essential oils and to examine their antioxidant and antimicrobial effects. To carry out this work, the chemical composition of the essential oil was determined using gas chromatography (GC) with the detection feature of mass spectrometry (MS). Subsequently, the antioxidant activity was investigated by DPPH and FRAPS assays. The antimicrobial effect was studied against phytopathogenic and foodborne pathogenic bacteria using the disc and the microdilution methods. Our results showed that GC-MS analysis of EOs allowed the identification of 30 compounds in T. polium EO (TPpEO), while 5 compounds were identified in M. graeca EO (MGEO). TPpEO had as major compounds β-pinene (19.82%) and germacrene D (18.33%), while geranial (36.93%) and z-citral (18.25%) were the main components of MGEO. The most potent activity was obtained from MGEO (IC50 = 189.7 ± 2.62 µg/mL) compared to TPpEO (IC50 = 208.33 ± 3.51 µg/mL. For the FRAP test, the highest reducing power was obtained from 1.32 ± 0.1 mg AAE/g of TPpEO compared to MGEO 0.51 ± 0.13 mg AAE/g of EO. Both EOs exhibited varying degrees of antibacterial activities against all the tested strains with inhibition zones in the range of 9.33 ± 0.57 mm to >65 mm and MIC values from 0.19 to 12.5 mg/mL. However, MGEO exhibits an interesting anticandidal effect with inhibition zone 44.33 ± 0.57 mm. The findings of this research establish the riches of EOs on volatile compounds, their important antioxidant activity, and their antimicrobial effect against the bacteria tested.

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Antibacterial activities of clove Syzygium aromaticum and turmeric Curcuma longa essential oil on some pathogen bacteria implicated in periodontal diseases

Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.21472/bjbs.040705 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (7) ◽

pp. 35-44

Author(s):

T. M. Obuotor ◽

W. O. Anibaba ◽

O. A. Sarumi ◽

O. P. Adeniyi

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Syzygium Aromaticum ◽

Antibiotic Drug ◽

Clove Essential Oil

The antibacterial activities of the clove essential oil (C), turmeric essential oil (T) as well as clove and turmeric (CT) essential oil were analysed against some bacterial pathogens implicated in periodontal diseases using agar well diffusion. The bacteria include Klebsiella oxytoca, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas flourescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter sp., Proteus mirabilis and Escherichia coli. At 15% concentration of the essential oils, both clove essential oil and the essential oil of clove and turmeric (CT) exhibited pronounced and varying degrees of growth inhibition zones against the bacteria (8.3+/-0.33-22.6+/-1.53 and 7.3+/-0.33-22.3+/-1.45). The MIC value for clove essential oil, tumeric essential oil and clove and turmeric (CT) essential oils ranges from 0.9-7.5%, respectively. The result shows that in general, clove essential oil has significantly greater zone of inhibition (mean) than tumeric essential oil. The bactericidal rate of clove essential oil against Klebsiella oxytoca and Bacillus subtilis was also determined. From our study, we can conclude that clove essential oil has more prevailing and sustainable antibacterial properties than turmeric essential oil even at a considerable low percentage. We recommend that clove essential oil not only has very promising potential for a broad-spectrum antibiotic drug against periodontal pathogenic bacteria. In addition, it can be used as an effective source of natural herbal antibiotics.

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Chemical and Antibacterial Activity Evaluation of Alpinia calcarata and Alpinia zerumbet Grown in Foothills Agroclimatic Conditions of Northern India

The Open Bioactive Compounds Journal ◽

10.2174/1874847302109010015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 15-19

Author(s):

Gunjan Bhatt ◽

Ranveer S. Nagarkoti ◽

Sushma Kholiya ◽

Ameeta Tiwari ◽

Sajendra K. Verma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Good Activity ◽

Filter Paper Disc ◽

E Coli ◽

Northern India ◽

Leaf Oil ◽

Alpinia Zerumbet

Background: The member of the genus Alpinia (family: Zingiberaceae) is used in traditional medicine for various formulations for the food, spices, medicines, and perfume. Objective: The present study was carried out to analyse the compositional variability in leaf and rhizome essential oils of Alpinia calcarata Roscoe and Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L. Burtt & R.M. Sm. and to evaluate their antimicrobial activity against eight pathogenic bacteria strains. Methods: The essential oils were extracted by hydrodistillation and analysed by GC and GC-MS and the antibacterial activity was evaluated by filter paper disc diffusion and micro dilution broth assay. Results: A total of 31 compounds identified, forming 89.26-94.32% composition of A. calcarata and A. zerumbet. The leaf and rhizome oil of A. calcarata and A. zerumbet were mainly characterized by 1,8-cineole (15.61-43.63%), β-pinene (5.02-23.52%), terpinen-4-ol (1.00-20.87%), camphor (1.94-11.60%), and (Z)-β-ocimene (0.16-11.86%). endo-Fenchyl acetate (13.12-24.39%) was identified as marker constituents of rhizome essential oil of both A. calcarata and A. zerumbet. The antibacterial assay showed that leaf oil of A. calcarata has good activity against S. mutans, whereas its rhizome oil possess good activity against K. pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, and S. epidermidis. However, the rhizome oil of A. zerumbet showed activity against S. mutans, B. subtilisS. aureus-2940 and S. epidermidis. Conclusion: The essential oils of A. calcarata and A. zerumbet with aroma chemicals viz. 1,8-cineole, ocimenes, terpinen-4-ol, α-pinene, β-pinenes and fenchyl acetate and significant antibacterial activities could be used for perfumery and fragrance related formulation.

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Yield, Phytochemical Constituents, and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oils from the Leaves/Twigs, Branches, Branch Wood, and Branch Bark of Sour Orange (Citrus aurantium L.)

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr7060363 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 363 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Mohammad K. Okla ◽

Saud A. Alamri ◽

Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽

Hayssam M. Ali ◽

Said I. Behiry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Sour Orange ◽

Citrus Aurantium ◽

Dickeya Solani ◽

First Time ◽

Branch Wood

In the present work, essential oils (EOs) extracted from different parts of sour orange Citrus aurantium (green leaves/twigs, small branches, wooden branches, and branch bark) were studied through gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Furthermore, the EOs in the amounts of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 µL were studied for their antibacterial activity against three pathogenic bacteria, Agrobacterium tumefaciens, Dickeya solani, and Erwinia amylovora. The main EO compounds in the leaves/twigs were 4-terpineol (22.59%), D-limonene (16.67%), 4-carvomenthenol (12.84%), and linalool (7.82%). In small green branches, they were D-limonene (71.57%), dodecane (4.80%), oleic acid (2.72%), and trans-palmitoleic acid (2.62%), while in branch bark were D-limonene (54.61%), γ-terpinene (6.68%), dodecane (5.73%), and dimethyl anthranilate (3.13%), and in branch wood were D-limonene (38.13%), dimethyl anthranilate (8.13%), (-)-β-fenchol (6.83%), and dodecane (5.31%). At 25 µL, the EO from branches showed the highest activity against A. tumefaciens (IZ value of 17.66 mm), and leaves/twigs EO against D. solani and E. amylovora had an IZ value of 17.33 mm. It could be concluded for the first time that the wood and branch bark of C. aurantium are a source of phytochemicals, with D-limonene being the predominant compound in the EO, with potential antibacterial activities. The compounds identified in all the studied parts might be appropriate for many applications, such as antimicrobial agents, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.

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