Theoretical Research of the Impact of the Digging-Out Working Tool on the Beetroot During the Vibrational Digging up from the Soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-20
Author(s):  
V. Bulgakov ◽  
I. Golovach ◽  
V. Adamchuk
Keyword(s):  
Translational Motion ◽  
Oscillation Amplitude ◽  
Oscillation Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Impact Interaction ◽  
Analytic Expression ◽  
The Impact

Aim. The elaboration of the theory of the impact of the vibrational digging-out working tool on the body of the beetroot, attached to the soil, and the substantiation of the rational kinematic and constructive parameters of the advanced vibrational digging-out working tool on the basis of the results obtained. Methods. The main provisions of advanced mathematics and theoretical mechanics were used, in particular, the general theory of mechanical impact and the oscillation theory. The equation systems obtained were solved using PC and the elaborated programme. Results. The main provisions of the theory of the impact of the digging-out working tool on the beetroot while extracting the latter from the soil were elaborated. The mathematical model of the impact interaction of the digging-out working tool and the body of the beetroot, attached to the soil, during the vibrational digging-out of sugar beets was created. The equations, describing the mentioned process, were used as a basis for the impact impulse and the impact force; the conditions of not damaging the beetroot during the impact were established. The analytic expression for the determination of the allowed frequency of vibra- tions of the working vibrational digging-out tool with the consideration of its constructive parameters and the translational motion was obtained. The estimates, obtained using PC calculations, allow designing advanced working vibrational digging-out tools to harvest sugar beets, taking the condition of avoiding damage to the root into account. Conclusions. The analytic expression for the determination of the allowed frequency of vibrations of the vibrational digging-out working tool, taking into account its constructive parameters and the translational motion, was obtained taking the condition of avoiding damage to the root into consideration. The algorithm and the PC analysis programme for the allowed frequency of oscillations of the vibrational digging- out working tool with the consideration of no damage to the beetroot during the impact interaction were elabo- rated. Numerous PC estimates demonstrated that on condition of the mentioned weight of the working tool of m = 1.0 kg the allowed frequency, at which there is no damage to the beetroot, should not exceed v = 10.0 hertz (with the oscillation amplitude of a = 0.015 m and the maximum depth of the digging-out working tool in the soil of h = 0.1 m). Here the translational motion should be in the range of 1.3 ... 2.2 m/s. The obtained results of the theoretical research allow designing advanced vibrational digging-out working tools to harvest sugar beets without damaging them.

Use of entomotoxicology in estimating post-mortem interval and determining cause of death

2017 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 56-63
Author(s):  
Joanna Stojak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Toxicological Analysis ◽  
Post Mortem Interval ◽  
The Impact

Entomotoxicology allows the estimation of the post-mortem interval and the determination of the cause of death in cases in which the corpse has decomposed and the tissues necessary for toxicological analysis are no longer available. Obtaining information about toxic substances potentially present in the body is possible by isolation of larvae and pupae of true flies (Diptera) and/or adult forms of, e.g., beetles (Coleoptera) present on or near the corpse. This article was intended to summarize the current knowledge in the field of entomotoxicology, including examples from the literature, and to present the impact of selected toxic substances and medicines on the development of necrophagous larvae of insects.

The role of the main ingredients of chocolate in the formation of its beneficial properties for the consumer

2021 ◽  
pp. 582-587
Author(s):  
I.V. Goloviznin ◽  
A.V. Ryzhakova
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
The Body ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Regular Process ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Confectionery Product

Chocolate is the most staple and consumed confectionery product in Russia and the world. The determination of the beneficial properties of such a product as chocolate is an important and regular process of food institutions in every country, since new lines of already well-known manufacturers and new manufacturers with an innovative assortment are added to the retail assortment. Today, it is very relevant and important to understand the impact of new products on human health. In this regard, in order to provide complete information on a specific product, it is necessary to know its composition, ingredients and their effect on the body separately and within the framework of a specific product. Along with its beneficial properties, chocolate can also affect health negatively. It is necessary to understand the mechanism of the effect of chocolate on human health when consumed and to assess the risks that may arise subsequently after its active consumption.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC REGULATION FOR JOINTLY ACTING HARMFUL FACTORS AND METHODOLOGY OF ITS EXPERIMENTAL RATIONALE

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Yury N. Katulskiy
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
The State ◽  
The Body ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Cooperative Agents ◽  
Combined Action ◽  
Exposure Levels ◽  
The Impact

With the combined action of agents, the toxic effect depends not only on the time and effects levels of each of them but also on the combinations in which these levels are located. The main problems in the experimental substantiation of hygienic regulations for this type of action are the determination of this dependence, the establishment with its help of safe combinations of exposure levels and their description. In the work methods of their solution are offered. This dependence is recommended to be obtained in the economical experiments proposed by the theory of mathematical planning. It is represented by a system of regression equations describing the dose dependencies observed at different moments after the onset of the impact (when indices are removed). In this case, the toxic effect is estimated by two indices, reflecting the degree of deviation of the state of the body of the experimental animals from the norm and the probability of this deviation. Effective and ineffective combinations are determined by this system of equations when substituting in them the values of the toxic effect corresponding to its presence or absence. In turn, hygienically safe combinations are determined by a system describing ineffective combinations of exposure levels that include stock coefficients that are reasonable for each agent. This system can be adopted as an experimentally valid hygiene regulation, which has the following advantages. It is determined by the results of the study of the joint rather than isolated action of agents, does not require the fulfillment of any conditions about the nature of this action (isoadditivity, etc.), and also takes into account not only the degree of deviation of the state of the organism of the experimental animals from the norm, but also the probability this deviation. In order to obtain the necessary information, we propose plans for experiments in which the number of groups of experimental animals is only one more than the number of cooperative agents. An example of the proposed approach is given.

The impact of exoplanets' measured parameters on the inferred internal structure.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon Fernandez Otegi ◽  
Caroline Dorn ◽  
Ravit Helled ◽  
François Bouchy ◽  
Jonas Haldemann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Structure ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Bulk Composition ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structure Characterization ◽  
Structural Parameter ◽  
Observational Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Additional Constraints

<p>Exoplanet characterization is one of the main foci of current exoplanetary science. For super-Earths and sub-Neptunes, we mostly rely on mass and radius measurements, which allow to derive the body’s mean density and give a rough estimate of the planet’s bulk composition. However, the determination of planetary interiors is a very challenging task. In addition to the uncertainty in the observed fundamental parameters, theoretical models are limited due to the degeneracy in determining the planetary composition. We aim to study several aspects that affect internal characterization of super-Earths and sub-Neptunes: observational uncertainties, location on the M-R diagram, impact of additional constraints as bulk abundances or irradiation, and model assumptions.</p> <p>We use a full probabilistic Bayesian inference analysis that accounts for observational and model uncertainties. We employ a Nested Sampling scheme to efficiently produce the posterior probability distributions for all the planetary structural parameter of interest. We include a structural model based on self-consistent thermodynamics of core, mantle, high-pressure ice, liquid water, and H-He envelope.  </p> <p>Regarding the effect of mass and radius uncertainties on the determination of the internal structure, we find three different regimes: below the Earth-like composition line and above the pure-water composition line smaller observational uncertainties lead to better determination of the core and atmosphere mass respectively, and between them internal structure characterization only weakly depends on the observational uncertainties. We also find that using the stellar Fe/Si and Mg/Si abundances as a proxy for the bulk planetary abundances does not always provide additional constraints on the internal structure. Finally we show that small variations in the temperature or entropy profiles lead to radius variations that are comparable to the observational uncertainty. This suggests that uncertainties linked to model assumptions can eventually become more relevant to determine the internal structure than observational uncertainties.</p>

scholarly journals The Impact of Creutzfeldt–Jakob Disease on Surgical Practice

2008 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
John SP Lumley
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Optimal Patient Care ◽  
Jakob Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Infected Material ◽  
Reliable Methods ◽  
Surgical Unit

Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) is characterised by abnormal prion protein that can replicate and replace nervous tissue, with rapid lethal neurodegenerative consequences. The transmissible nature of CJD has been known for half a century and transmission has occurred through neurosurgical procedures. Variant Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (vCJD) emerged in 1996, and the presence of abnormal prion in lymphatic tissue extended the number of surgical specialties dealing with infected material; transmission through blood transfusion raised the possibilities of a large carrier pool and spread of epidemic proportion. The abnormal prion is difficult to remove and this could influence future decontamination programmes. Contaminated instruments must be withdrawn from surgical practice, and this can interfere with the efficient running of a surgical unit and optimal patient care. There is an urgent need for reliable methods for the detection of abnormal prion, within and outside the body. These will help to clarify the epidemiology of CJD, and to reduce its transmission via blood and tissue. They will also allow determination of the efficacy of new decontamination products in surgical practice, and the value of any treatment of sufferers and carriers of CJD. In the meantime, continued vigilance and informed regulation of all aspects of CJD must remain.

scholarly journals The impact of representations on social threats and risks upon creation of Russia’s image of the future

2021 ◽  
pp. 16-31
Author(s):  
Svetlana Evgenievna Turkulets ◽  
Aleksei Vladimirovich Turkuletc ◽  
Evgeniya Vyacheslavovna Listopadova
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Far East ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
The Far East ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Social Threats

The object of this research is the social threats and risks as the factors that impact the formation of Russia’s image of the future. The subject of this research is the public opinion of residents of the Far East – representatives of generations X, Y and Z on the current state and prospects of the Russian society. The goal consists in identification of peculiarities of the opinion among the representatives of different generations of residents of the Far East in determination of social risks caused by new external and internal threats in the context of creation of Russia’s image of the future. Leaning on the analysis of scientific theoretical sources and data of the own empirical research, the authors attempted to construct a universal image of the future of Russia, typical to the representatives of different generations of Russians. The novelty of this work lies in the analysis of public opinion of expressed by the representatives of different generations of residents of the Far East on the future of Russia, taking into account the risks and threats (in their perception), as well as in extrapolation of the results of empirical study upon the process of formation of Russia’s image of the future. The scientific value of the acquired results is defined by fact that determination of peculiarities of the worldview of different generations regarding Russia’s image of the future allows creating a generalized image that may become an integrating factor in the process of implementation of social activity of the Russian citizens. The practical importance is that the obtained result would help social scientists in their further theoretical research, forecasts and envisioning scenarios on the future of Russian society, and modern politicians – in elaboration of the projects of social reforms.

scholarly journals Embedded, Participatory Research: Creating a Grounded Theory with Teenagers

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Crawford Barniskis
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Research Team ◽  
Public Libraries ◽  
Public Library ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Art Programs ◽  
Participatory Techniques ◽  
The Impact

Objective – This project, based on a study of the impact of art programs in public libraries on the teenaged participants, sought to show how library practitioners can perform embedded, participatory research by adding participants to their research team. Embedded participatory techniques, when paired with grounded theory methods, build testable theories from the ground up, based on the real experiences of those involved, including the librarian. This method offers practical solutions for other librarians while furthering a theoretical research agenda. Methods – This example of embedded, participatory techniques used grounded theory methods based on the experiences of teens who participated in art programs at a public library. Fourteen teens participated in interviews, and six of them assisted in coding, analyzing, and abstracting the data, and validating the resulting theory. Results – Employing the teenagers within the research team resulted in a teen-validated theory. The embedded techniques of the practitioner-researcher resulted in a theory that can be applied to practice. Conclusions – This research framework develops the body of literature based on real-world contexts and supports hands-on practitioners. It also provides evidence-based theory for funding agencies and assessment. In addition, practitioner-based research that incorporates teens as research partners activates teens’ voices. It gives them a venue to speak for themselves with support from an interested and often advocacy-minded adult.

scholarly journals Analytical investigation in the impact interaction of a vibration digger with the body of the root during its extraction from the soil

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 45-53
Author(s):  
V. Adamchuk ◽  
V. Bulgakov ◽  
V. Kuvachov ◽  
I. Golovach ◽  
Je. Ignat'iev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Impact Interaction ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals About unification of indices of the possibility of disease occurrence in risk assessment methodology and the determination of the probability of non-carcinogenic effects in toxicological-hygienic, clinical and epidemiological studies and according to data about health-seeking behavior

2019 ◽  
Vol 95 (10) ◽  
pp. 998-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yury N. Katulskiy
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Disease Occurrence ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
The Impact

In the methodology for the assessment of the risk the possibility of the disease occurrence under the impact of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic substances is measured by different indices. This leads to the fact that within the single methodology there are used various scores for such similar index as the risk of the disease occurrence, as a result carcinogens and systemic toxicants happen to be inconsistent from this point of view. At the same time, unlike carcinogens risk indices for systemic toxicants do not allow to evaluate the number of possible diseases in the population during the corresponding period of time, because they contain no information about their probability. Obviously, from this point of view, the characteristics of carcinogenic risk have certain advantages. Therefore, noncarcinogenic risk should be assessed by the similar indices as carcinogenic ones. However, an obstacle to this is the fact that in toxicological-hygienic, clinical and epidemiological studies, according to the results of which there is determined the risk for systemic toxicants, the impact of non-lethal levels of the exposure is established not in separate individuals, as for carcinogens, but according to mean-group values of indices of the state of the body as the identification of the nonspecific effect under relatively non high doses (concentrations) in the single person is fairly difficult. Such data do not allow to estimate the probability of the break of the effect. Also the data concerning seeking for the medical help, considering repeated medical resource utilization due to protract diseases or afflictions occurring repeatedly in a person several times for the considered period of time fail to be the estimation of the probability for the disease occurrence. For the obtaining of the possibility of unification of the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic indices of risk in the paper there are presented methods for the determination of the probability of non-carcinogenic effects in toxicological-hygienic, clinical and epidemiological studies, as well as according to statistical data on the seeking for the medical help, taking into account the repeated appeals of the protract or re-emerging diseases.

Gender determination of caucasoid hair using image analysis

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 216-217
Author(s):  
T.B. Ball ◽  
W.M. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Scalp Hair ◽  
The Body ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hair Samples ◽  
Length Width ◽  
Morphological Differences

It has been demonstrated that cross sections of bundles of hair can be effectively studied using image analysis. These studies can help to elucidate morphological differences of hair from one region of the body to another. The purpose of the present investigation was to use image analysis to determine whether morphological differences could be demonstrated between male and female human Caucasian terminal scalp hair.Hair samples were taken from the back of the head from 18 caucasoid males and 13 caucasoid females (Figs. 1-2). Bundles of 50 hairs were processed for cross-sectional examination and then analyzed using Prism Image Analysis software on a Macintosh llci computer. Twenty morphological parameters of size and shape were evaluated for each hair cross-section. The size parameters evaluated were area, convex area, perimeter, convex perimeter, length, breadth, fiber length, width, equivalent diameter, and inscribed radius. The shape parameters considered were formfactor, roundness, convexity, solidity, compactness, aspect ratio, elongation, curl, and fractal dimension.

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