scholarly journals Seksisme Bahasa dan Sastra Arab

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-270
Author(s):  
Rizqi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
The Body ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Negative Image ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Metaphorical Language ◽  
Women's Experience ◽  
Cultural Affair

This research finds that there are many people use negative and discriminative character toward the woman relating with their bodies and sexuality in language and literary works. In fact, the character and imagewhich arise are based on the language and culture which the works have been produced. The idea of sexuality and the body in literary works always meet to the reality, social, politic, and cultural affair so that it often forgetthe women's experience as the author and the readers. Moreover, the rule of Arabic language tends to be discriminative, producing myth, symbol, and negative image toward the woman. Since Arabic language containing bias gender creates binary opposition, namely feminine and masculine, the literary language tends to be discriminative.The research finds that thesanctity of men masculinity in ARabic culture transforms the ideology and idea of oatriarchal which are andocentric in  literary works. The use of Arabic metaphorical language of gender in the style of literary writing has an effect in the emergence of stereotype, interpretation, and the dichotomy translation, which trap readers in the nuance of patriarchy and patriarkhi.

Arabic in Modern Hebrew Texts

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Creative Writing ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
Population Displacement ◽  
Translation Strategies ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Mass Migration ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern Hebrew

In the late 1950s, Iraqi Jews were either forced or chose to leave Iraq for Israel. Finding it impossible to continue writing in Arabic in Israel, many Iraqi Jewish novelists faced the literary challenge of switching to Hebrew. Focusing on the literary works of the writers Shimon Ballas, Sami Michael and Eli Amir, this book examines their use of their native Iraqi Arabic in their Hebrew works. It examines the influence of Arabic language and culture and explores questions of language, place and belonging from the perspective of sociolinguistics and multilingualism. In addition, the book applies stylistics as a framework to investigate the range of linguistic phenomena that can be found in these exophonic texts, such as code-switching, borrowing, language and translation strategies. This new stylistic framework for analysing exophonic texts offers a future model for the study of other languages. The social and political implications of this dilemma, as it finds expression in creative writing, are also manifold. In an age of mass migration and population displacement, the conflicted loyalties explored in this book through the prism of Arabic and Hebrew are relevant in a range of linguistic contexts.

The Philological Endeavours of the Early Arabic Linguists: Theological Implications of the tawqīf-iṡṫilāh Antithesis and the majāz Controversy (Part II)

2000 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Shah
Keyword(s):  
Figurative Language ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Metaphorical Language ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
Religious Significance ◽  
Origin Of Language ◽  
Ibn Taymiyya ◽  
The Aesthetic

The concluding part of the article pursues the theoretical arguments which relate to the tawqīf-işṭilāḥ debate on the origin of language and the intricate link with the concept of majāz. The article attempts to show how the question of the origin of language was imported into the controversy relating to the resort to metaphor and figurative language in the exegesis of the Qur'an and Prophetic dicta. Moreover, there was concern in some quarters that religious doctrines were being articulated through a veneer of metaphorical language. Some theologians had, in presenting a hypothesis for the existence of tropical expressions in the idiom of Arabic, referred to the concept of işṭilāḥ to justify their arguments, whilst tawqīf al-lugha was adduced to counter such reasoning. The religious significance of the issue is highlighted by Ibn Taymiyya who advances the thesis that the evolved concept of majāz was expressly formulated at a posterior juncture in the development of the Islamic tradition. He vociferously argues that a developed concept of majāz was insidiously exploited by those with preconceived theological motives. The article shows why Ibn Taymiyya had to discard the perceived sacrosanct doctrine of tawqīfal-lugha in order to refute theoretically the concept of majāz. This also meant that for scholars of the same view as Ibn Taymiyya, the aesthetic features associated with the device of majāz were summarily disregarded. Nevertheless, a concept of majāz was explicitly endorsed as an indisputable feature of the Arabic language by a majority of scholars.

Norns and Norms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haun Saussy
Keyword(s):  
Native Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
European Languages ◽  
Western European ◽  
Foreign Text

We often hear that certain words or texts are “untranslatable.” At the root of this judgment lies an exaggerated respect for the native language, which must not be altered by contact with other languages. Against this superstition, it is here argued that translation is one of the great movers of change in language, and accomplishes this precisely through the rendering of difficult and unidiomatic texts. At another level, a purported ethics of translation urges that translations should be “foreignizing” rather than domesticating: this too evidences a normative idea of the integrity of the language and culture of the foreign text. Against such defences of purity, a sense of both language and translation as inherently hybrid, and literary language in particular as macaronic, should open to examination the historical individuality of encounters that every translation records. Examples from Western European languages indicate how this hybridity is to be understood.

A Melkite Arabic literary lingua franca from the second half of the first millennium

1994 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Blau
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Greek Orthodox ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Millennium ◽  
Arabic Dialects ◽  
Modern Arabic ◽  
Classical Arabic ◽  
The Ideal

After the Islamic conquest, the Greek Orthodox, so-called Melkite ( = Royalist), church fairly early adopted Arabic as its literary language. Their intellectual centres in Syria/Palestine were Jerusalem, along with the monaster ies of Mar Sabas and Mar Chariton in Judea, Edessa and Damascus. A great many Arabic manuscripts stemming from the first millennium, some of them dated, copied at the monastery of Mar Chariton and especially at that of Mar Saba, have been discovered in the monastery of St. Catherine on Mount Sinai, the only monastery that has not been pillaged and set on fire by the bedouin. These manuscripts are of great importance for the history of the Arabic language. Because Christians were less devoted to the ideal of the ‘arabiyya than their Muslim contemporaries, their writings contain a great many devi ations from classical Arabic, thus enabling us to reconstruct early Neo-Arabic, the predecessor of the modern Arabic dialects, and bridge a gap of over one thousand years in the history of the Arabic language.

THE HERALD OF SPRING. IMAGE OF ARMENIAN HERO IN THE POEM OF AHMAD SHAMLU "VARTAN

2021 ◽  
pp. 240-250
Author(s):  
Lilit Safrastyan
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Social Activities ◽  
Love Poetry ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Metaphorical Language ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Creative Life

THE HERALD OF SPRING. IMAGE OF ARMENIAN HERO IN THE POEM OF AHMAD SHAMLU "VARTAN" Ahmad Shamlou is one of the most prominent representatives of the Iranian literature of the 20th century, who stood at the roots of the anti-dictatorship struggle, carrying out creative and social activities. Shamlu's unbreakable revolutionary spirit, love for the homeland and a human being have found their vivid expression in his works. In the very first period of his career, Shamlu was persecuted and imprisoned many times as a dissident. Many of his works, including translations, literary works, were censored and burned in printing houses. Armenians have a special place in Shamlu's personal and creative life. The main heroine of Shamlu's inspiration was his wife Aida Sargsyan, to whom he dedicated the most beautiful poems of modern Iranian love poetry. Armenian revolutionary hero Vartan Salakhanyan's character was also immortalized by the poet in the famous poem "Vardan" or "Nazli's death". In this poem Ahmad Shamlu depicts the heroic feats of the Armenian hero in metaphorical language, calling him "The Herald of Spring".

scholarly journals STYLISTIC PERSPECTIVE AS A SCOPE OF INTELLECTUAL POTENTIAL OF SCIENTIFIC PERSONALITY: V.M. RUSANIVSKY

2016 ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
L. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Activity ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Intellectual Potential

The author in terms of stylistic perspective analyzes the scientific activity of Ukrainian linguist V.M. Rusanivsky. The texts of famous linguist are considered in the context of evolutionary episteme. Attention is focused on linguistic ideas of V.M. Rusanivsky about development of literary language, its stylistic representation and personalities, precedent for Ukrainian literary language and culture.

scholarly journals Deconstruction of Binary Opposition in Kritikus Adinan Story by Budi Darma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Iswadi Bahardur
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Subject

<p><span lang="EN-US">Writing this article backed by mult</span><span>i</span><span lang="EN-US"> interpretation problems raised by a text, especially literary texts. Mult</span><span>i</span><span lang="EN-US"> interpretation is inseparable from the consciousness and unconscious of the subject of the author, as well as the process of reconstruction by the reader. Based on this article this article aims to describe the results of deconstructing binary opposition readings on the story of <em>Kritikus Adinan</em> by Budi Darma. The data source used is the story of <em>Kritikus Adinan.</em> The research method used is descriptive analysis with the theoretical perspective of deconstruction of Jaques Derrida. Based on the findings and data analysis, the results show the following. <em>First</em>, the deconstruction readings of the <em>Kritikus Adinan</em> can not be separated from the word-scoring process as Jaques Derrida puts it in deconstruction theory. <em>Secondly</em>, the reconstruction of Kritkus Adinan’s story leads to unfamiliarity but leads the reader to discover the marginalized texts.<em> Third</em>, based on the results of deconstruction reading in the story of <em>Kritikus Adinan</em>, there is a binary opposition that has been denied and broken by the author by presenting a reversal of fact.  Suggestions that can be recommended are many other literary works that are worthy and important to be reviewed by other researchers to uncover the phenomenon of reversing the facts by the author.</span></p>

scholarly journals Changes of Literary Language in Digital Age

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Chenyue Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Digital Age ◽  
Media Ecology ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Image Building ◽  
Information Media ◽  
Media Form

<p>Language forms and image-building in literary works are greatly influenced by media attributes in media ecology built by multimedia in the digital age. Through diachronic comparison between their development, information media and literary language are found to be positively related. From the perspective of the evolution of media form, this article makes analysis and discussion on the changes of Chinese literary language, seeking to provide foundation and guarantee for effectively popularizing literature and art among people.</p>

scholarly journals The Destruction of Gilead’s Binary Thought In Atwood’s The Handmaid’s Tale

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (119) ◽  
pp. 83-96
Author(s):  
سهير فؤاد حاجو ◽  
ابراهيم علي مراد
Keyword(s):  
Binary Opposition ◽  
Conceptual Tool ◽  
Normal Life ◽  
Women's Experience ◽  
Binary Oppositions

     This paper focuses on interpreting Margret Atwood’s outlook towards the affiliation of power between man and woman, and, likewise, the hidden meaning of her message(s) to women in general. These issues will be explained by interpreting or considering her novel, The Handmaid’s Tale as a pattern of oppositions. The conceptual tool that is used to uncover the keys for the questions of whether Atwood is with or against women and how she visualizes women’s experience and distress under the patriarchal rules are; binary oppositions and Derrida’s concept of différance. Using the binary oppositions Gilead’s central and restricted ideologies and the handmaids’ silent response become comprehensible. Then by reversing these binary conceptions, depending on Derrida’s concept, the incompatibles will be proved. Atwood’s depiction of woman is not always positive and not negative as well. Therefore, this paper assumes that women are being used and dehumanized in Gilead which gives hints for the author’s view of men’s inclination to imprison women and deprive them from their right to live a normal life. Furthermore, the binary thought depicts women as inert and powerless. The second part and after reversing the binary opposition we conclude that the handmaids and women in general are able to convert the hierarchical belief by taking on the same tool that has been used to oppress them.

التدخل اللغوي لدى طلبة المدارس الثانوية الماليزية في مسابقة صناعة الأفلام القصيرة الناطقة بالعربية

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-334
Author(s):  
Yaakob Hasan Hasan ◽  
Abdul Razif Zaini ◽  
Mohamed Haji Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Interference Effect ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Arabic Language ◽  
Short Film ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Ministry Of Education ◽  
School Students ◽  
Educational Approach ◽  
Language And Culture

ISESCO Educational Centre in Malaysia (ISESCO Malaysia), in collaboration with the Islamic Education Department of Ministry of Education, Malaysia, offers various annual language activities to improve the level of Arabic language usage among secondary school students in Malaysia.  One of the languages activities organised by ISESCO Malaysia annually, is an Arabic Short Film Competition. It is noticeable that there are variety of Arabic language usage errors appeared in the videos presented, including those resulting from language interference effect. Some of these errors are often repeated by students, believing that it is a sound of Arabic language.  This study therefore, conducted to examine the errors of language interference effect and its causes among Arabic learners in Malaysia’s secondary school.  The study has followed the descriptive approach to analyse these errors. The study found that linguistic errors among Arabic students in Malaysian secondary schools resulted from language interference effect of their mother tongue; by literally translating it, following the culture and rules, as well as lack of knowledge of the rules of the language and culture of the Arabic language. This study proposed an appropriate action to solve the problems using educational approach.

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