COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1956 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-510
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Consumer Good ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Promotional Material ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mind

THE Committee on Nutrition has been designated by the Executive Board of the American Academy of Pediatrics to serve in a consultative capacity in determining the suitability of advertisements of nutritional products in the official publications of the Academy. Understanding between industry and the medical profession will be fostered by a readily available statement of the basis upon which judgment of advertisements of nutritional products will be made. Assurance can be given that this will be applied objectively, fairly and with sympathetic understanding of the position of industry. It is hoped that thereby this statement can assume the status of a Code of Ethics and Etiquette in the promotion of products intended for maintenance of optimal nutrition or treatment of disorders of nutrition in infancy, childhood and adolescence. The Committee on Nutrition will remain receptive to counsel from all sources, and sensitive to the implications of its own statements and actions. The following principles will be continuously re-examined in the light of experience and pertinent evidence. Good Advertising Good advertising serves the interest of both merchant and consumer. Good advertising begins with a reliable product. Good advertising achieves a pleasant informative memory of the product and its usefulness in the mind of the consumer. In short, this implies an honest product, truthfully and artistically advertised. Honesty is the best cornerstone upon which to build the type of promotion that will serve the mutual interest of industry, the consumer, and the medical profession. Quality of the Product Proof of quality of the product must at all times be available to those who must evaluate promotional material. This applies to foods and to individual ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, etc.

AGE LIMITS OF PEDIATRICS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 463-463
Author(s):  
M. Harr Jennison ◽  
Allan B. Coleman ◽  
Richard B. Feiertag ◽  
Robert B. Kugel ◽  
William B. Forsyth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
American Academy ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Extensive Review ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Pediatric Practice ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Official Policy ◽  
Growth Development ◽  
Age Limits

In 1938 the American Academy of Pediatrics took formal action and defined the age limits of pediatric practice as follows (Journal of Pediatrics, 13:127 and 13:266, 1938): The practice of pediatrics begins at birth and extends well into adolescence and in most cases it will terminate between the sixteenth and eighteenth year of life. In 1969, the Council on Pediatric Practice asked the Executive Board to up date this statement, and the Executive Board referred it to the Council on Child Health. After extensive review of several statements proposed by the Committee on Youth, the Council on Child Health recommended the following statement, which has been approved by the Executive Committee of the Academy for publication as official policy of the American Academy of Pediatrics. PEDIATRICS The purview of pediatrics includes the growth, development, and health of the child and therefore begins in the period prior to birth when conception is apparent. It continues through childhood and adolescence when the growth and developmental processes are generally completed. The responsibility of pediatrics may therefore begin during pregnancy and usually terminates by 21 years of age.

scholarly journals Επαγγελματισμός και Ιατρικό Επάγγελμα

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Μαρία Δούκα
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
Wide Acceptance ◽  
Power And Control ◽  
And Control

The aim of this article is to describe the concept of professionalism, resulting from the practice perspective of a profession. Special reference will be placed on the medical profession and its dynamic role in the health system. Theoretical approaches regarding professionalisation, as a process through which a profession is achieving professionalism, as well as, mechanisms that contribute to the exclusion of other professionals to practice a profession are included in this article. Moreover, issues concerning the specific body of knowledge, autonomy, power and control, code of ethics and the regulation of entry by self-governing bodies, as well as the wide acceptance of society are all important in a distinctive occupational identity. Regarding the medical profession, the fact that decisions are made on patients behalf, results in a higher status among caring professions. On the contrary, for the same reasons there is criticism about the quality of its professionalism.

scholarly journals Organizational basis of futsal development in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Irina Pavliuk
Keyword(s):  
Professional Sports ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Sports Clubs ◽  
Student Teams ◽  
The Status ◽  
Real Mass ◽  
The Moment

The article analyzes the emergence of futsal in modern Ukraine and its historical development. Futsal in Ukraine is developing rapidly in all its directions. The formation of the governing bodies of futsal in Ukraine (Futsal Association of Ukraine) is considered. Today in the futsal of Ukraine there is an interaction of amateur and professional sports. The system of futsal competitions is the only vertically integrated system, which is based on the amateur direction, and the top is professional. Peculiarities of sports functioning in Ukraine, system of competitions in all main directions of futsal are defined: Olympic, popular sport and elite sport. The organizational structure of the futsal association of Ukraine, its functioning and relations with international structures are studied. Prospects for the development of futsal have been identified, namely the increase in the composition of professional, amateur, student and youth futsal leagues, which will be able to provide a wide coverage of the population, a real mass of sports, a significant increase in amateur and student teams. The progress of futsal is observed annually, but there are still many problems in its development, one of which is to raise the quality of the training process, improve the professional skills of coaches and teachers of children's schools and sports clubs. This trend is due to the very specifics of futsal, which with each season makes more and more demands on the motor and functional training of futsal players, the foundations of which must be laid from childhood and adolescence. According to the regulations, the status of futsal players who take part in the championship under the auspices of AFU is determined. A futsal player receives the status of a professional and the relevant rights and responsibilities from the moment of concluding a contract with the club in order to participate in the competition, and his activities are regulated by law. The ways of improvement of organizational bases of development of futsal in Ukraine taking into account a set of social and economic and organizational and administrative relations are substantiated.

scholarly journals Curriculum and Pedagogy of Transformation: How to Improve EAL Students’ Places and Roles at Simon Fraser University

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Pan
Keyword(s):  
Host Community ◽  
Curriculum And Pedagogy ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
External Supports ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The University ◽  
Simon Fraser University ◽  
Experience Difficulty

Traditionally, university students are deemed to be the people who have to take most of the responsibilities for their academic and lived experiences. Teachers and the university set a stage for the students to perform, yet it is the performers’ motivation and competency that determines the quality of their performance and experiences. Even though universities in Canada have sought to provide a variety of resources and supports, this perception is still deeply rooted in the mind of the people who are involved in the operation of higher educaton, especially the students themselves. This ideology is manifested to the greatest extent in the case of international students who speak English as an additional language (EAL) because not only do they experience difficulty in accessing their host community of practice, but also undergo tremendous stress and disappointment as they interpret their places and roles in EAL context to be subordinate. EAL students’ low self-efficacy and the institution’s denial of funds of knowledge (e.g. writing skills in L1) often cause them to reconstruct subordinate identities which require external supports and internal transformation to alter the status-quo. This paper examines ways to promote both the external supports, from the institution and its members in authority, and internal transformations that can occur within the EAL students themselves based on the supports given.

Strategic Role of Zakat in Multidimensional Quality of Life in Sijunjung, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72
Author(s):  
Herlin Hamimi ◽  
Abdul Ghafar Ismail ◽  
Muhammad Hasbi Zaenal
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Wealth Distribution ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Status ◽  
Being There ◽  
The Impact

Zakat is one of the five pillars of Islam which has a function of faith, social and economic functions. Muslims who can pay zakat are required to give at least 2.5 per cent of their wealth. The problem of poverty prevalent in disadvantaged regions because of the difficulty of access to information and communication led to a gap that is so high in wealth and resources. The instrument of zakat provides a paradigm in the achievement of equitable wealth distribution and healthy circulation. Zakat potentially offers a better life and improves the quality of human being. There is a human quality improvement not only in economic terms but also in spiritual terms such as improving religiousity. This study aims to examine the role of zakat to alleviate humanitarian issues in disadvantaged regions such as Sijunjung, one of zakat beneficiaries and impoverished areas in Indonesia. The researcher attempted a Cibest method to capture the impact of zakat beneficiaries before and after becoming a member of Zakat Community Development (ZCD) Program in material and spiritual value. The overall analysis shows that zakat has a positive impact on disadvantaged regions development and enhance the quality of life of the community. There is an improvement in the average of mustahik household incomes after becoming a member of ZCD Program. Cibest model demonstrates that material, spiritual, and absolute poverty index decreased by 10, 5, and 6 per cent. Meanwhile, the welfare index is increased by 21 per cent. These findings have significant implications for developing the quality of life in disadvantaged regions in Sijunjung. Therefore, zakat is one of the instruments to change the status of disadvantaged areas to be equivalent to other areas.

The study of Iranian children and adolescents’ physical activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Alizadeh ◽  
Reza Negarandeh ◽  
Fahimehe Bagheri Amiri ◽  
Zahra Yazdani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
The Status ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Iranian Children

Abstract Objectives This systematic and meta-analysis review was conducted to determine the status of Iranian children and adolescents’ physical activity. Content All the related articles which were published in the major databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Magiran, SID from the beginning of 2010 to the end of 2019, were reviewed by researchers. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was also used to evaluate the quality of articles. Moreover, I 2 index and chi-square were used to assess the heterogeneity between the results. Summary 490 articles were found as a result of the search in the selected international and local databases, where finally, 10 articles were included into the meta-analysis after the elimination of the duplicated articles and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results indicated that 29.5% of the girls were considered active according to WHO criteria (16.1–42.8: 95% CI) and also 20.5% of the boys (7.3–33.7: 95% CI). Outlook Overall, this study’s findings showed that a large percentage of Iranian children and adolescents do not achieve the level of physical activity recommended by the World Health Organization. This can lead to undesirable consequences for this group of population that is considered as the human capital of any country; consequently, it seems necessary to take basic measures at the micro and macro levels in order to reduce such problems in the society.

Answers and Questions: Evans-Pritchard On Nuer Religion

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Burton
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Logical Consistency ◽  
Anthropological Study ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Catholic Church

AbstractIf my discernment of the thought that underlies his study of Nuer religion is not entirely misconstrued, then one can assert a logical consistency between Collingwood's methodology for history and Evans-Pritchard's for ethnography. It is worthwhile, in that light, to consider the fact that "at one time Evans-Pritchard contemplated writing Collingwood's biography" (Beidelman 1974:559). One commentator, (Kuper 1980:118) typifies this methodology as "postwar idealism" and suggests that the major works he published in the later decades of his presence at Oxford demonstrate the "sterility" of his methodology and theory. Still others have hinted that his entry into the Catholic Church was later reflected in his depiction of Nuer religous life. These are remarkable assertions, when one takes the time to reflect on the many ways in which his own approach and writings have so profoundly influenced the direction of anthropological enquiry in his own country and abroad. The fact is, one can no longer write ethnography in lieu of a solid understanding of the historical circumstances which have resulted in the contemporary 'ethnographic present'. At the same time, practitioners of the discipline have addressed from almost every angle the proposition that all ethnography is indeed a good part confession-that we write what we are able to see. That is precisely the quality of the work that will guarantee the status of Nuer religion as a classic. The methods of history and anthropology can only become more similar. Anyone who holds an absence of definition or presumed repugnance toward theory as criticisms of his contributions, has truly lost the forest for the trees. It is all the more remarkable that his methodological and theoretical advances in the anthropological study of religion are to be found not in his answers, but in the questions he raised.10

Regulating Proxy Advisors Through Transparency: Pros and Cons of the EU Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaia Balp
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
European Regulation ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Status ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Proxy Advisors ◽  
Legal Constraints ◽  
The Eu

This article outlines potential pros and cons of a future European regulation of proxy advisory firms, as set forth in the Commission’s Proposal for a Directive amending Directive 2007/36/EC. After summarizing criticisms concerning the proxy advisory industry, and findings regarding its de facto influence on investors’ voting conduct both in the US and in the European context, the article adverts to why the power of proxy advisors appears to be overestimated. Uncertainty on the status quo of the industry’s actual impact on key decisions in listed companies, as well as costs associated with a regulation, need to be considered for assessing the suitability of the rules drafted to ensure adequate levels of independence and quality of voting recommendations. While transparency rules may be preferred to stricter legal constraints or requirements in a first stage, possible shortcomings of the Draft Directive exist that may undermine its effectiveness. Analyzing the amendments to the Proposal adopted by the European Parliament, and the Council’s Presidency compromise text, may suggest a preferable approach as regards single rules still making their way through the European legislative process.

scholarly journals Fruit and vegetable intake: change with age across childhood and adolescence

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (5) ◽  
pp. 759-765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Albani ◽  
Laurie T. Butler ◽  
W. Bruce Traill ◽  
Orla B. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Average Intake ◽  
Eating Fruit ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
The Uk

AbstractEating fruit and vegetables (FV) offers important health benefits for children and adolescents, but their average intake is low. To explore if negative trends with age exist as children grow, this study modelled differences in FV consumption from childhood to young adulthood. A pseudo-panel was constructed using years 1–4 (combined) of the Rolling Programme of the UK National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) (2008/2009–2011/2012). Intake of FV in the NDNS was recorded using 4-d unweighted food diaries. The data consisted of 2131 observations of individuals aged 2–23 years. Age-year-cohort decomposition regression analyses were used to separate age effects from year and cohort effects in the data. Total energy intake was included to account for age differences in overall energy consumption. Fruit intake started to decrease from the age of 7 years for boys and girls, and reached its lowest level during adolescence. By 17 years, boys were consuming 0·93 (P=0·037) less fruit portions compared with the age of 2 years. By 15 years, girls were consuming 0·8 fruit portions less (P=0·053). Vegetable intake changed little during childhood and adolescence (P=0·0834 andP=0·843 for change between 7 and 12 years, boys and girls, respectively). There was unclear evidence of recovery of FV intakes in early adulthood. Efforts to improve FV intake should consider these trends, and focus attention on the factors influencing intake across childhood and adolescence in order to improve the nutritional quality of diets during these periods.

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