Swimming Pool Owners' Opinions of Strategies for Prevention of Drowning

Training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation for pool owners and mandatory placement of a barrier around pools, two commonly suggested strategies for prevention of drowning, will depend, in part, on the support of pool owners to be successfully implemented. To measure this support, an equal probability sample of 795 Sacramento County households with pools was surveyed. An 80% response rate was achieved. A large majority (86%) favored voluntary cardiopulmonary resiscitation training, and a plurality (40%) favored required cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification for poo1 owners. However, 61% opposed a universal barrier requirement, and 49% objected to a barrier requirement for new pools only. Respondents with small children at home were more likely (P = .0001) to support a required barrier. The previous occurrence of a significant immersion event had surprisingly little effect. The results suggest some specific directions for programs to prevent swimming pool drownings.

Download Full-text

Solar Pool Blankets: Another Water Hazard

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.85.6.1114 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 85 (6) ◽

pp. 1114-1117

Author(s):

STEPHEN B. SULKES ◽

ELISE W. VAN DER JAGT

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Rectal Temperature ◽

Case Reports ◽

Infantile Autism ◽

Swimming Pool ◽

Local Hospital ◽

Arterial Ph ◽

Water Hazard

Despite prevention efforts, pool immersion accidents continue to occur all too frequently. In this article we describe a new danger associated with an advance in swimming pool technology, the "solar pool blanket." CASE REPORTS Patient 1 A 30-month-old boy with infantile autism was noted to be missing by his parents, who, after an initial look at their above-ground pool, found him submerged under the intact pool blanket, pulseless and breathless 5 minutes later. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed, and he was transported to a local hospital, where he arrived comatose with decerebrate posturing. His rectal temperature was 33.7°C and his arterial pH was 7.0. Diazepam, phenobarbital, and mannitol were administered and he was intubated and hyperventilated.

Download Full-text

Do radiologists want/need training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation?: Results of an internet questionnaire

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1258/rsmacta.44.1.56 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 56-58

Author(s):

F. Schellhammer

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Life Support ◽

Response Rate ◽

Cardiopulmonary Arrest ◽

Advanced Life Support ◽

Further Education ◽

German Speaking ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Training Courses ◽

E Mail

Purpose: Prompt and effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) decreases morbidity and mortality following cardiopulmonary arrest. Radiologists are frequently confronted with severely ill patients, who may deteriorate at any time. Furthermore, they have to be aware of life-threatening reactions towards contrast media. This study was designed to assess experience and self-estimation of German-speaking radiologists in CPR and cardiac defibrillation (CD). Material and Methods: 650 German-speaking radiologists were audited by a specially designed questionnaire, which was sent via e-mail. The answers were expected to be re-mailed within a 2-month period. Results: The response rate was 12.6%. 72.8% of the responders had performed at least 1 CPR (range 9.5±13.1) and 37% at least 1 CD. 67.9% had had opportunities to attend training courses, which had been utilized by 41.8% of them. The last training of the responders was more than 2 years ago in 69.2% and more than 5 years ago in 37%. Of all responders 75.6% expressed the need for further education. Conclusion: The small response rate indicates the small importance of CPR in the subpopulation surveyed. The vast majority of the responders, however, showed interest in basic and advanced life support and advocated regular updates. It seems reasonable that radiological departments themselves should organize courses in order to cope with their specific situations.

Download Full-text

The Attitude-Practice Gap Revisited: Risk Reduction Beliefs and Behaviors Among Owners of Residential Swimming Pools

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.88.6.1168 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 88 (6) ◽

pp. 1168-1171

Author(s):

Garen J. Wintemute ◽

Mona A. Wright

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Risk Reduction ◽

Prevention Program ◽

Swimming Pools ◽

Sacramento County ◽

Practice Gap ◽

The Relationship ◽

Certification Requirement

Complete pool fencing and effective by-stander resuscitation are both believed to reduce the risk of childhood drowning. The relationship between support for, and prevalence of, a complete pool barrier and current cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification was investigated among an equal probability sample of 795 owners of residential swimming pools in Sacramento County, California. Only 50% (95% confidence interval [CI] 44%, 56%) of respondents who favored a cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification requirement for pool owners represented a household with any members so certified. Only 35% (95% CI 26%, 44%) of respondents who endorsed a complete barrier requirement for all pools had a fence surrounding their own pool. Support for a cardiopulmonary resuscitation requirement was associated with a modestly higher prevalence of current cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification (46% vs 33%, difference = 13%, 95% CI for difference 2%, 24%). Endorsement of a pool barrier requirement was associated with a substantially higher prevalence of complete pool fencing (35% vs 7%, difference = 28%, 95% CI for difference 19%, 37%). The proportion of the pool-owning population endorsing these risk reduction behaviors is much larger than the proportion actually adopting them. The results suggest that an effective pool drowning-prevention program will rely primarily on legislative approaches, with health education serving as a useful adjunct.

Download Full-text

Clozapine – a survey of patient perceptions

Psychiatric Bulletin ◽

10.1192/pb.24.12.450 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 24 (12) ◽

pp. 450-452 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

D. Taylor ◽

L. Shapland ◽

G. Laverick ◽

J. Bond ◽

J. Munro

Keyword(s):

Response Rate ◽

Patient Perceptions ◽

Large Majority ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Blood Testing ◽

Clozapine Therapy ◽

Clozapine Treatment ◽

The Uk ◽

Adherence To Therapy ◽

Structured Questionnaire

Aims and MethodWe aimed to find out how patients on clozapine felt about clozapine treatment. A structured questionnaire was given to 1284 consecutive patients attending 27 clozapine clinics in the UK.ResultsThe response rate was 44.4% (570 forms returned). This cohort of responders to the questionnaire consisted, for the most part, of Caucasian males who had been taking clozapine for more than 2 years. Respondents expressed largely favourable views on clozapine treatment. For example, 86.1% claimed to feel better on clozapine and 88.6% claimed to prefer to remain on clozapine than to change to another drug. Many patients stated that they disliked having to undergo blood testing, but a large majority (87.0%) felt that the advantages of clozapine outweighed disadvantages. All other responses supported this overall favourable view of clozapine therapy.Clinical ImplicationsPatients stabilised on clozapine are largely content with their treatment. These results suggest that clozapine is effective as assessed by patients' own standards and that adherence to therapy is likely to be good.

Download Full-text

Assessment of CPR Knowledge among Clinical Radiography Students at a Tertiary Institution in Nigeria

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research ◽

10.9734/jammr/2019/v30i730209 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

G. M. Akpaniwo ◽

A. A. Sadiq ◽

I. Y. Iliyasu ◽

U. Abubakar ◽

A. D. Gurama

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Supportive Care ◽

Response Rate ◽

Background Current ◽

Tertiary Institution ◽

Adequate Knowledge ◽

Current State ◽

State Of Practice ◽

Cpr Training ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Current state of practice of medical imaging now encompasses advance supportive care to patient, in addition to the supportive care offered for the stabilization of patient before radiologic procedures. Advance supportive care, such as Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is offered to patient who may have cardiopulmonary arrests. Objective: To assess the knowledge of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among clinical radiography students of a tertiary institution in Sokoto. Methods: A cross section study employing a semi-structured and self-administered questionnaire, consisting of two section, designed with the aim of the study were distributed among 82 clinical radiography students (300 – 500 level), in the 2017/2018 academy session of the tertiary institution (Usmanu Danfodiyo University) in Sokoto. The data were extracted using SPSS version 20 and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A total of 75 questionnaire were returned, yielding a response rate of 91.5%. Respondents comprised 53 male and 22 female aged 20 to 34 years with mean age of 27 years. It was observed that 68% of the students had never had a CPR training and about 4% of the respondents knew the recommended compression to ventilation ratio during a CPR. While 1.3% knew the recommended chest compression to be performed each minute when giving CPR. Majority of the respondents (94.7%) were of the opinion, that CPR training should be made mandatory for all clinical radiography students. Conclusion: Base on the evidence presented within this study, there is knowledge gap in the practice of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) among clinical radiography students, as majority of the students do not have adequate knowledge on the practice of CPR.

Download Full-text

The Effect The Effect Of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Training On Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Of Pool Guards

Jurnal Kesehatan dr. Soebandi ◽

10.36858/jkds.v9i1.271 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 60-66

Author(s):

Mokhtar Jamil ◽

Bayu Budi Laksono ◽

Merisdawati MR

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Arrest ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Swimming Pool ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

P Value ◽

Attitudes And Practices ◽

Cpr Training ◽

Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Introduction: CPR is a very vital implementation in cases of cardiac arrest. The occurrence of cardiac arrest is influenced by several factors one of cause is drowning. Pool lifeguard is one of the jobs that has the potential to find cases of cardiac arrest but the majority of them have never received CPR training. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training on knowledge, attitudes and practices on the management of cardiac arrest. Objective: To determine the effect of pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training on knowledge, attitudes and practices on the management of cardiac arrest. Methods: This study uses a pre-experimental design with one group pretest-posttest design. The sampling technique uses total sampling of 10 pools lifeguards of Metro swimming pool, Kepanjen. Research conducted in May 16-17 2019 at Kepanjen Metro Swimming Pool. The independent variable is Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) training and the dependent variable is the knowledge, attitude, and practice of cardiac arrest management. Results: Statistical tests using the Wilcoxon Test with result variable knowledge p value = 0.002; attitude p value = 0.007; and practice p value = 0.004. All three variables show the effect of CPR training with increase in knowledge, attitudes and practices in pool guards. Limitation of this study is time for evaluation too fast, only one day away from research. Conclusion: Several things that influence the results of this study are information exposure, experience, education level, body mass index (BMI), and gender. It is hoped that pool lifeguard can apply first-aid cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) to drowning victims

Download Full-text

Learning About Sex: Results From Natsal 2000

Health Education & Behavior ◽

10.1177/1090198106289003 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 33 (6) ◽

pp. 802-811 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Wendy Macdowall ◽

Kaye Wellings ◽

Catherine H. Mercer ◽

Kiran Nanchahal ◽

Andrew J. Copas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Education Research ◽

Young People ◽

Sex Education ◽

Response Rate ◽

Behavioral Outcomes ◽

Sample Survey ◽

Probability Sample ◽

Additional Information ◽

Using Data ◽

Source Of Information

To date, the focus of sex education research has tended to be on the effect of education on behavioral outcomes. There is little data on the felt needs of young people, how well they are met, and how provision might be improved. Here we report on main source of information about sexual matters, adequacy of knowledge, further needs, and preferred source of additional information, using data from a probability sample survey of people aged 16 to 44 years in Britain (Natsal 2000). A total of 11,161 participants (4,762 men and 6,399 women) were interviewed. The response rate was 65.4%. The results show that despite the assumed worldliness and sophistication of young people about sexual matters, there is a great deal of self-perceived ignorance among them. Parents and schools are the preferred source of further information. We need to enable parents to provide information to their children, especially their sons.

Download Full-text

Doctors Are Inconsistent in Estimating Survival after CPR and Are Not Using Such Predictions Consistently in Determining DNACPR Decisions

Geriatrics ◽

10.3390/geriatrics4020033 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 33

Author(s):

Andrew C Kidd ◽

Katie Honney ◽

Lesley K Bowker ◽

Allan B Clark ◽

Phyo K Myint ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ◽

Median Survival ◽

Questionnaire Survey ◽

Response Rate ◽

Clinical Scenarios ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Order

Background: It is unclear whether doctors base their resuscitation decisions solely on their perceived outcome. Through the use of theoretical scenarios, we aimed to examine the ‘do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation’ (DNACPR) decision-making. Methods: A questionnaire survey was sent to consultants and specialty trainees across two Norfolk (UK) hospitals during December 2013. The survey included demographic questions and six clinical scenarios with varying prognosis. Participants were asked if they would resuscitate the patient or not. Identical scenarios were then shown in a different order and doctors were asked to quantify patients’ estimated chance of survival. Results: A total of 137 individuals (mean age 41 years (SD 7.9%)) responded. The response rate was 69%. Approximately 60% were consultants. We found considerable variation in clinician estimates of median chance of survival. In three out of six of our scenarios, the survival estimated varied from <1% to 95%. There was a statistically significant difference identified in the estimated median survival between those clinicians who would or would not resuscitate in four of the six scenarios presented. Conclusion: This study has highlighted the wide variation between clinicians in their estimates of likely survival and little concordance between clinicians over their resuscitation decisions. The diversity in clinician decision-making should be explored further.

Download Full-text