Microstructure, physical and mechanical properties of kaolin–diatomite composite reinforced with CaCO3•

The present work reports the microstructure, physical and mechanical properties of a material composed of kaolin, diatomite and calcium carbonate reinforcement (CaCO3). The ceramic prototypes were shaped by the slip casting method and sintered at temperatures between 800 °C and 1100 °C. The morphology and average pore size was analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the mineralogical phases were determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). The apparent density was established by the mercury immersion method according to the E – 8B Standard of the Institute of Ceramic Technology (ITC); the percentage of absorption was determined by the boiling method according to ISO 10545-3 standard; linear contraction was studied in three directions: long, wide and high. The study of the mechanical resistance to compression followed the procedure established at ASTM C773–88 standard and the breaking modulus was calculated by the three-point bending test, according to ISO 10545–4. Results show that the material structure is affected with increasing temperature reporting a decrease in quartz phase from 51.16 % to 33.81 %. Percentage of absorption revealed its most significant variation between 950 °C and 1100 °C with a decrease of 21 % approximately. Mechanical resistance values showed wide dispersion which was attributed to the different orientations in which the material failed during each test. According to the pore diameters found, the compound is characterized by being macro and mesoporous facilitating its application in catalysis, photochemistry, microelectronics and other microfiltration media

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Thermo Mechanical behaviour of Phenol Novolac Resin and Unsaturated Polyester Toughened Epoxy using nano Bentonite and Silica Nanoparticles

10.47277/aanbt/1(3)83 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 77-83

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Epoxy Resin ◽

Silica Nanoparticles ◽

Moisture Absorption ◽

Unsaturated Polyester ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Bending Test ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Novolac Epoxy ◽

Industrial Needs

Phenol novolac epoxy resin is a polymer matter which its properties can be modified for industrial needs. In this research, nanocomposites of phenol novolac epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester are made nano Bentonite and silica nanoparticles as filler. For this purpose, effect of nanoparticles percent on nanocomposite formation is studied and their physical, mechanical and thermal properties are obtained. The presence of unsaturated polyester in this process forms a cross-link capable of improving the physical and mechanical properties of epoxy resin. Fracture behavior was determined by a SEM device. Moreover, TGA, DSC, impact tests and bending test were applied for data analysis. When process ability is growing, moisture absorption decreases. Fracture toughness was also evaluated in a stoichiometric network. Physical and mechanical properties improve significantly with increasing nanoparticles. The most important reason for using this nanocomposite is its high resistance to corrosion.

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COMPORTAMIENTO DE LA MADERA DE Pinus taeda IMPREGNADO CON ARSENIATO DE COBRE CROMATADO (CCA)

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v35i1.2429 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Teresa María Suirezs

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Pinus Taeda ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Resistance ◽

Burnett Method ◽

Pinus Taeda L ◽

American Society ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Copper Arsenic

Este trabajo tuvo por objetivo, estudiar el comportamiento de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas de la madera de Pinus taeda L. impregnada por vacío-presión con preservador CCA (CrO3; CuO; As2O5) con tres retenciones, 5, 10 y 15 kg/m3. El proceso de impregnado se realizó, por el método Burnett, aplicándose presión y vacío de 7 kg/m2 y 0,5 kg/m2 respectivamente. Los ensayos de las propiedades físicas y mecánicas se determinaron según lo establecen, las Normas técnicas IRAM (Instituto Argentino de Racionalización de Materiales), ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) y DIN (Deutsche Industrie Norm). Las propiedades físicas como ser los pesos específicos aparentes no son afectadas por las retenciones de CCA en la madera. Las contracciones tanto en el sentido tangencial como radial en las maderas impregnadas son menores. Las propiedades mecánicas de resistencia a la flexión estática, compresión paralela a las fibras, tracción perpendicular a las fibras, disminuyen levemente sus valores promedios con respecto a la madera sin impregnar, pero estas diferencias no son estadísticamente significativas, para 95 % de confianza. La impregnación ha producido un efecto positivo en la dureza Janka transversal y en el corte paralelo a las fibras tangencial siendo estas diferencias estadísticamente significativas. Behaviour of the wood of Pinus taeda impregnated with Chrome, Copper, Arsenic (CCA) Abstract The physical and mechanical properties of the wood of Pinus taeda L. without impregnating and impregnating by empty - pressure with preserving CCA (Chrome, Copper, Arsenic) with three retentions, 5, 10 and 15 kg/m3 have been determined and analysed. The impregnation was accomplished in an autoclave applying the Burnett method. The physical and mechanical properties were determined according to the following technical Procedures; IRAM (Argentine Institute for Rationalization of materials), ASTM (American Society for Testing and Material) and DIN (Deutsche Industrie Norm). The results indicate that the specific weights of samples containing different percentages of humidity was not affected by the retentions of CCA in the wood. The shrinkage both in the tangential and radial directions in the impregnated samples were smaller in the impregnated sample. The mechanical resistance to statics flexion, compression parallel to the fibers, traction perpendicular to the fibers, hardness tangential and radial Janka and paralell radial cut, do not show statistically meaningful differences between impregnated and not impregnated samples; however the treatment has produced a positive effect in the hardness transverse Janka and in the parallel cut to the tangential fibers.

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Composites of Rigid Polyurethane Foams Reinforced with POSS

Polymers ◽

10.3390/polym11020336 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 336 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Sylwia Członka ◽

Anna Strąkowska ◽

Krzysztof Strzelec ◽

Agnieszka Adamus-Włodarczyk ◽

Agnė Kairytė ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Properties ◽

Water Absorption ◽

Viscoelastic Behavior ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Polyurethane Foams ◽

Bending Test ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Rigid Polyurethane Foams ◽

Cell Shapes

Rigid polyurethane foams (RPUFs) were successfully modified with different weight ratios (0.5 wt%, 1.5 wt% and 5 wt%) of APIB-POSS and AEAPIB-POSS. The resulting foams were evaluated by their processing parameters, morphology (Scanning Electron Microscopy analysis, SEM), mechanical properties (compressive test, three-point bending test and impact strength), viscoelastic behavior (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, DMA), thermal properties (Thermogravimetric Analysis, TGA, and thermal conductivity) and application properties (contact angle, water absorption and dimensional analysis). The results showed that the morphology of modified foams is significantly affected by the type of the filler and filler content, which resulted in inhomogeneous, irregular, large cell shapes and further affected the physical and mechanical properties of resulting materials. RPUFs modified with APIB-POSS represent better mechanical and thermal properties compared to the RPUFs modified with AEAPIB-POSS. The results showed that the best results were obtained for RPUFs modified with 0.5 wt% of APIB-POSS. For example, in comparison with unfilled foam, compositions modified with 0.5 wt% of APIB-POSS provide greater compression strength, better flexural strength and lower water absorption.

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Effect of repeated disinfections by microwave energy on the physical and mechanical properties of denture base acrylic resins

Brazilian Dental Journal ◽

10.1590/s0103-64402009000200008 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 132-137 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Rafael Leonardo Xediek Consani ◽

Douglas Duenhas de Azevedo ◽

Marcelo Ferraz Mesquita ◽

Wilson Batista Mendes ◽

Paulo César Saquy

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Impact Strength ◽

Flexural Strength ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Knoop Hardness ◽

Microwave Energy ◽

Bending Test ◽

Denture Base ◽

Acrylic Resins ◽

The Impact

The present study evaluated the effect of repeated simulated microwave disinfection on physical and mechanical properties of Clássico, Onda-Cryl and QC-20 denture base acrylic resins. Aluminum patterns were included in metallic or plastic flasks with dental stone following the traditional packing method. The powder/liquid mixing ratio was established according to the manufacturer's instructions. After water-bath polymerization at 74ºC for 9 h, boiling water for 20 min or microwave energy at 900 W for 10 min, the specimens were deflasked after flask cooling and finished. Each specimen was immersed in 150 mL of distilled water and underwent 5 disinfection cycles in a microwave oven set at 650 W for 3 min. Non-disinfected and disinfected specimens were subjected to the following tets: Knoop hardness test was performed with 25 g load for 10 s, impact strength test was done using the Charpy system with 40 kpcm, and 3-point bending test (flexural strength) was performed at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min until fracture. Data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α= 0.05%). Repeated simulated microwave disinfections decreased the Knoop hardness of Clássico and Onda-Cryl resins and had no effect on the impact strength of QC-20. The flexural strength was similar for all tested resins.

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INFLUENCE OF DRYING ON THE PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD FROM TREES GROWN IN AN AGROFORESTRY SYSTEM

Revista Árvore ◽

10.1590/1806-908820200000031 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

Author(s):

Elder Eloy ◽

Eduarda Bandera ◽

Tauana Mangini ◽

Laura da Silva Zanchetta ◽

Rômulo Trevisan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Heat Treatment ◽

Eucalyptus Grandis ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Agroforestry System ◽

Bending Test ◽

Schizolobium Parahyba ◽

Standard Specimens ◽

Forced Air ◽

Air Circulation

ABSTRACT The cultivation of native and exotic species intercropped in an agroforestry system raises the interest for information on the properties of wood. Therefore, different methods are being tested to improve the technological properties of this material, including drying, which causes changes in the physical and mechanical properties of the wood. The present study investigated the influence of drying on the physical and mechanical properties of wood from tree species grown in an agroforestry system. Parapiptadenia rigida (Benth.) Brenan, Peltophorum dubium (Spreng.) Taub., Eucalyptus grandis W. Hill × Eucalyptus urophylla S.T. Blake (hybrid), and Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) S.F.Blake were the species selected for the study. Three 9-year-old individuals of each of the species were obtained from an agroforestry system. Thirty wood samples (2.5 × 2.5 × 41 cm) were extracted from each species. The wood samples were divided between temperature treatments; 6 samples were used for each heat treatment (control, 120, 150, 180, and 210 °C), which were then dried for two hours in an oven (with forced air circulation). Following the heat treatment, the mechanical properties of wood samples were evaluated to determine the modulus of elasticity and rupture, the tension in the proportional limit, and maximum force according to the ASTM D-143-94 (2000) standard. Finally, the physical properties of the retractability of the wood samples were evaluated according to the NBR 7190 (ABNT, 1997) standard. Specimens used to analyze this variable came from sections of the wood (sample dimensions: 2.5 × 2.5 × 5 cm) not affected by the static bending test. Our findings indicate that, for all species investigated in this study, drying alters the physical and mechanical properties of the wood, with the most significant changes occurring at temperatures between 120 and 180 °C.

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Analysis of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Backhoe’s Bucket Repairment with Cladding Methode

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.841.254 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 841 ◽

pp. 254-258

Author(s):

Yustiasih Purwaningrum ◽

Muhammad Hafiz ◽

Risky Suparyanto

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Bending Strength ◽

Welding Process ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Hardness Test ◽

Raw Material ◽

Bending Test ◽

Basic Material ◽

Test Results ◽

Low Carbon

Buckets are the most important component in backhoe construction, the bucket functions as a digger and carrier component in an excavator. Due to the heavy working media of the excavator so that this component is the most easily damaged part, damage that often occurs is wear caused by friction arising so that the thickness of the bucket is reduced which can eventually cause cracks in the bucket and in continuous use can cause the bucket to crack and broken. Cladding method is done to shorten the time or simplify the repair process is to directly patch the damaged part with a welding layer and then do the grading using a grinding. This study aims to determine the physical and mechanical properties of the material from the cladding process when compared with the raw material, the variations used are raw material, cladding with filler welding, and cladding with plates. The welding process is carried out with GMAW (Gas Metal Arc Welding) and low carbon steel. Welding results will be tested tensile strength, bending strength , impact test, hardness test, chemical composition, and corrosion rate. From the hardness test results showed that the weld metal from plate variation has the highest hardness value of 443 VHN. From the results of tensile testing the basic material has the highest value with 359.08 MPa. From the bending test results the highest value obtained from filler verification with 494.01 Mpa and the highest impact price obtained from the plate variation cladding method with a value of 1.49 J / mm2

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Porogen Effect of Bioactive Glass on Poly(L-lactide) Scaffolds: Evidences by Electron Microscopy

Microscopy and Microanalysis ◽

10.1017/s143192760808940x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 14 (S3) ◽

pp. 65-66

Author(s):

N.B. Barroca ◽

A.L. Daniel-da-Silva ◽

M.H.V. Fernandes ◽

P.M. Vilarinho

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Bioactive Glass ◽

Average Pore Size ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Porous Polymer ◽

Bioactive Glasses ◽

Average Pore ◽

Thermally Induced ◽

Ceramic Fillers

Recently, porous polymer-ceramic composites have been developed and represent promising scaffolds to be used as synthetic extracellular matrix in bone tissue engineering since they combine the advantages of these two types of materials. On the other hand bioactive glasses (BG) have been used as ceramic fillers to promote bioactivity and to enhance mechanical properties and osteoblast functions. Among all the requirements, these 3D porous structures should have a controllable average pore size larger than 100 μm as well as good pore interconnectivity to allow vascularization and tissue ingrowth. The goal of this study is to investigate the effect of the addition of a bioactive glass on the porous structure development of the scaffolds prepared by thermally induced phase-separation and also to test the bioactivity of these composite scaffolds. Poly (L-lactic) acid (PLLA) was chosen as the polymer matrix because of its well-known biocompatibility and adjustable physical and mechanical properties. Micron-sized (<10 μm) glass from the 3CaO.P2O5-MgO-SiO2 system was produced in our laboratory and used as the bioactive ceramic filler.

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Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cassava-Bamboo Composite Lumber

Journal of Engineering and Science Research ◽

10.26666/rmp.jesr.2018.6.2 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (6) ◽

pp. 6-9

Author(s):

Ros Syazmini Mohd Ghani ◽

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Testing ◽

Compression Test ◽

Basic Density ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Bending Test ◽

Bambusa Vulgaris ◽

Physical Testing ◽

Composite Lumber

The study was carried out to determine the physical and mechanical properties of composite lumber made from cassava (Mahinot esculenta Crantz) and bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) in different ratios which is 100% cassava with 0% bamboo, 75% cassava with 25% bamboo, 50% cassava with 50% bamboo, 25% cassava with 75% bamboo and 0% cassava with 100% bamboo. The tests samples for determining the strength properties were divided into two categories namely mechanical testing and physical testing. Basic density of the samples was carried out for physical testing. The lowest basic density was in samples with 100% cassava which is 0.49 g/cm3 and highest in samples with 100% bamboo which is 0.68 g/cm3 . Two tests for the mechanical testing are bending test and compression test. In bending test, modulus of elasticity (MOE) and modulus of rupture (MOR) were both highest for samples with 100% bamboo which the reading of MOE was 16794.03 N/mm2 and 122.52 N/mm2 for MOR. Similar to the bending test, compression test is the highest for the samples with 100% bamboo which are 65.58 N/mm2 . From statistical analysis, the basic density, static bending can compression strength give significant value at 95% confidence interval.

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Optimization of Cellular Concrete Formulation with Aluminum Waste and Mineral Additions

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-2021-03091721 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (7) ◽

pp. 1222-1234

Author(s):

Mohammed Salah Bouglada ◽

Noui Ammar ◽

Belagraa Larbi

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Thermal Conductivity ◽

Compressive Strength ◽

Sand Dunes ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Experimental Program ◽

Mechanical Resistance ◽

Dune Sand ◽

Mineral Additions ◽

Cellular Concrete

The paper aims to study cellular concrete with a new approach of formulation without an autoclave, with the use of aluminum waste and incorporation of mineral additions into the sand and evaluate its physical and mechanical properties. In this experimental study, two types of cellular concrete are prepared, based on crushed and dune sand with the incorporation of 15% of the slag and 10% of pozzolana, as sand replacement. An experimental program was performed to determine the compressive strength at 28 days, the density and thermal conductivity of the confected cellular concrete. The obtained results showed that concretes prepared with crushed sand developed better mechanical resistance compared to the dune sand. It is also noted that the concretes containing the mineral additions provide a substantial increase in compressive strength in particular slag. Furthermore, cellular concretes with sand dunes offer better thermal conductivity, compared to those with crushed sand. The use of the additions reduces the Water/Binder (W/B) ratio and leads to a lower thermal conductivity regardless of the used sand nature. The outcome of the present study here in could present a modest contribution for the production of cellular concrete with local materials in particular dune sand, active mineral addition and aluminum waste. The physical and mechanical properties obtained from this new composition are estimated acceptable compared to those of the industry-prepared cellular concrete product. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091721 Full Text: PDF

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High Cycle Fatigue Behaviour of Cu/Sn Intermetallic Compounds Prepared by Transient Liquid Phase Bonding Process

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1016.268 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1016 ◽

pp. 268-273

Author(s):

Agnieszka Betzwar Kotas ◽

Golta Khatibi ◽

Farzad Khodabakhshi ◽

Andreas Steiger-Thrisfeld

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Single Phase ◽

Transient Liquid Phase ◽

Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽

Test System ◽

Bending Test ◽

Fatigue Properties ◽

Phase System ◽

Two Phase

Transient liquid phase (TLP) bonds using Cu-Sn system have been suggested as high strength and temperature resistant joints for power electronics applications. While the physical and mechanical properties of these joints has been investigated to some extent, studies on fatigue properties and long term reliability of TLP joints are scarce. In this work TLP bonding was performed to produce thin Cu-Sn intermetallic joints by using Cu and 97Sn3Cu solder alloy as interlayer. Different processing conditions resulted in three types of thin joints consisting of three phases (Cu3Sn/Cu6Sn5/solder remnants), two phases (Cu3Sn/Cu6Sn5) and a single phase (Cu3Sn) with an overall thickness of ≤ 20 μm. The shear strength of the TLP joint containing one or two high melting point IMC layers showed a significant temperature resistance up to 200°C. Fatigue studies of TLP joints were conducted by using a 3-point-cyclic bending test system operating at 20 kHz. The highest fatigue resistance was obtained for the single-phase Cu3Sn joints with superior shear and flexural resistance. The two phase joints (Cu3Sn/Cu6Sn5) showed a slightly lower lifetime than the three phase system containing IMCs and residual solder. Fracture surfaces analysis in correlation with static and cyclic mechanical properties, provided insight into the failure mechanism of the Cu-Sn TLP joints.

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