scholarly journals Experimental Stand Movable Module for Determining the Traction-Linked Properties of Wheel Engines and the Results of Laboratory Researches for Determining the Traction Force of Two-Wheel Tractors

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-160
Author(s):  
Vladimir F. Kupryashkin ◽  
Aleksandr S. Ulanov ◽  
Michail G. Shlyapnikov ◽  
Aleksandr Yu. Gusev ◽  
Vladimir I. Slavkin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Tractive Force ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Multifactor Experiment ◽  
Motion Speed

Introduction. Farmers make extensive use of two-wheel tractors equipped with traction and drive interchangeable units. Two-wheel tractors are required to move evenly with minimal slip of the drive wheels on the soil. The tractive force on the drive wheels of the tillage unit is the decisive power factor in this case. An objective traction force value can be measured only by carrying out experimental studies. Materials and Methods. To determine the traction force on the drive wheels of the twowheel tractor, the design of the experimental stand was proposed and substantiated (RF patent for useful model No. 188610 “Movable module of the test stand”), and a methodology for planning and conducting a multifactor experiment to determine the traction force was developed. Results. As a result of the laboratory tests the calculation dependencies of the tractive force on the drive wheels of the Neva MB23-MultiAGRO Pro two-wheel tractor were obtained. Soil conditions, design and technological parameters, operating modes of the two-wheel tractor, and rolling resistance forces were taken into account. Discussion and Conclusion. The use of the developed regression models of the traction force under the condition of ensuring uniform movement with the minimum permissible slipping of the driving wheels of the two-wheel tractor on the soil will allow obtaining the permissible values of the two-tractor motion speed and form the zones of its most effective functioning.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL STUDY OF TERMS FOR ENSURING AN UNIFORM MOVEMENT AND SUBSTANTIATION OF BASIC PARAMETERS OF A SELF-PROPELLED SMALL-SIZED ROTARY TILLER WITH A VERTICAL AXIAL FOR HANDLING

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Vladimir Kupryashkin ◽  
Mihail Shlyapnikov ◽  
Mihail Chatkin ◽  
Sergey Glotov ◽  
Vladimir Kupryashkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Force ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Axis Of Rotation

When performing the technological process of soil cultivation, a self-propelled rotary tiller moves due to the adhesion force of the drive wheels to the soil. Engine power is spent on overcoming rolling resistance of driving wheels, friction of the support slide on the soil and resistance to soil cutting by active working elements, and part of the power is lost in the transmission. Given the specific features of the functioning of a self-propelled small-sized rotary tiller with a vertical axis of rotation of active working units, namely its traction-drive nature of work, the equation for traction balance is a condition ensuring its uniform movement. When moving around the field of a self-propelled rotary tiller between the drive wheels and the soil, an FTK traction force arises, which is aimed at overcoming the drag forces when rolling the drive wheels FCK and overcoming the friction force Ffп of the support runner with the soil. In the process of tillage with rotor knives, forces arise, Fy1(Fy2), Fx1(Fx2). The force of gravity Fgм applied at the center of gravity also acts on the tillage aggregate, which can be decomposed into components: gravity Fgк,attributable to the drive wheels and gravity Fgф attributable to the rotary tiller. Based on the analysis of the forces acting on a self-propelled small-sized rotary tiller with a vertical axis of rotation of active working elements, the condition for uneven movement (stability of movement) is made. The solution of the equation regarding the number of rotors allows us to obtain the dependence of their optimal number on the design parameters of the cutter, operating conditions and soil conditions.

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE NON-VIBRATING METHOD OF LAYING CONCRETE MIXTURE IN CANAL CLADDING

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-94
Author(s):  
V. YA. ZHARNITSKY ◽  
◽  
P. A. КОRNIENKO
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Research ◽  
Slope Angle ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Preliminary Heating ◽  
Experimental Stand ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Production Conditions

The results of experimental studies are presented which make it possible to correct the technological parameters of laying the concrete mixture in the cladding of newly erected or reconstructed water supply canals. The studies were carried out on an experimental stand simulating the cannel profi le with a variable slope angle from 15° to 90°. The stand slope is covered with a conditional soil model in the form of a rough surface. To determine the relationship between the speed of the vibromold movement, the parameters of the concrete mixture, the profi le of the canal and the parameters of the concrete paver, mathematical models of the technological process have been developed. The analysis of the obtained results shows that accelerating additives signifi cantly reduce the duration of the concrete reaching its critical strength, in other words, it reduces the duration of the curing of the concrete under the formwork. The study of the obtained surface of the cladding on the stand shows that it contains some irregularities due to the absence of a smoothing strip. Therefore, under production conditions, concrete pavers must be equipped with smoothing devices, and the concrete mixture must be placed through a special hopper that regulates the height of the concrete mixture supply. For the construction of concrete linings on mobile concrete mixtures, it is recommended to use accelerating additives or their preliminary heating to a temperature of 50 … 60°C.

A possibility of using nickel concentrate, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-containing raw materials, at steel alloying

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kichigina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Nickel Concentrate ◽  
Steel Alloying ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Comprehensive Processing

At production of stainless steel expensive alloying elements, containing nickel, are used. To decrease the steel cost, substitution of nickel during steel alloying process by its oxides is an actual task. Results of analysis of thermodynamic and experimental studies of nickel reducing from its oxide presented, as well as methods of nickel oxide obtaining at manganese bearing complex raw materials enrichment and practice of its application during steel alloying. Technology of comprehensive processing of complex manganese-containing raw materials considered, including leaching and selective extraction out of the solution valuable components: manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt and copper. Based on theoretical and experiment studies, a possibility of substitution of metal nickel by concentrates, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment, was confirmed. Optimal technological parameters, ensuring high degree of nickel recovery out of the initial raw materials were determined. It was established, that for direct steel alloying it is reasonable to add into the charge pellets, consisting of nickel concentrate and coke fines, that enables to reach the through nickel recovery at a level of 90%. The proposed method of alloying steel by nickel gives a possibility to decrease considerably steel cost at the expense of application of nickel concentrate, obtained out of tails of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-bearing raw materials, which is much cheaper comparing with the metal nickel.

DIESEL ENGINE OPERATION IN USE OF FUEL WITH ADDITIVES

2018 ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Petar Kazakov ◽  
Atanas Iliev ◽  
Emil Marinov
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Engine Operation ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Positive Effects

Over the decades, more attention has been paid to emissions from the means of transport and the use of different fuels and combustion fuels for the operation of internal combustion engines than on fuel consumption. This, in turn, enables research into products that are said to reduce fuel consumption. The report summarizes four studies of fuel-related innovation products. The studies covered by this report are conducted with diesel fuel and usually contain diesel fuel and three additives for it. Manufacturers of additives are based on already existing studies showing a 10-30% reduction in fuel consumption. Comparative experimental studies related to the use of commercially available diesel fuel with and without the use of additives have been performed in laboratory conditions. The studies were carried out on a stationary diesel engine СМД-17КН equipped with brake КИ1368В. Repeated results were recorded, but they did not confirm the significant positive effect of additives on specific fuel consumption. In some cases, the factors affecting errors in this type of research on the effectiveness of fuel additives for commercial purposes are considered. The reasons for the positive effects of such use of additives in certain engine operating modes are also clarified.

One-Dimensional Contact Pressure Distribution of Radial Tires in Motion

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Shiobara ◽  
T. Akasaka ◽  
S. Kagami ◽  
S. Tsutsumi
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Contact Pressure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Forward Direction ◽  
Contact Pressure Distribution ◽  
Support Ring ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Lowered Pressure

Abstract The contact pressure distribution and the rolling resistance of a running radial tire under load are fundamental properties of the tire construction, important to the steering performance of automobiles, as is well known. Many theoretical and experimental studies have been previously published on these tire properties. However, the relationships between tire performances in service and tire structural properties have not been clarified sufficiently due to analytical and experimental difficulties. In this paper, establishing a spring support ring model made of a composite belt ring and a Voigt type viscoelastic spring system of the sidewall and the tread rubber, we analyze the one-dimensional contact pressure distribution of a running tire at speeds of up to 60 km/h. The predicted distribution of the contact pressure under appropriate values of damping coefficients of rubber is shown to be in good agreement with experimental results. It is confirmed by this study that increasing velocity causes the pressure to rise at the leading edge of the contact patch, accompanied by the lowered pressure at the trailing edge, and further a slight movement of the contact area in the forward direction.

An optimal wheel-torque control on a compliant modular robot for wheel-slip minimization

Robotica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 463-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Siravuru ◽  
Suril V. Shah ◽  
K. Madhava Krishna
Keyword(s):  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
Normal Force ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Static Stability ◽  
Wheel Speed ◽  
Torque Control ◽  
Modular Robot ◽  
Wheel Slip ◽  
Wheel Torque

SUMMARYThis paper discusses the development of an optimal wheel-torque controller for a compliant modular robot. The wheel actuators are the only actively controllable elements in this robot. For this type of robots, wheel-slip could offer a lot of hindrance while traversing on uneven terrains. Therefore, an effective wheel-torque controller is desired that will also improve the wheel-odometry and minimize power consumption. In this work, an optimal wheel-torque controller is proposed that minimizes the traction-to-normal force ratios of all the wheels at every instant of its motion. This ensures that, at every wheel, the least traction force per unit normal force is applied to maintain static stability and desired wheel speed. The lower this is, in comparison to the actual friction coefficient of the wheel-ground interface, the more margin of slip-free motion the robot can have. This formalism best exploits the redundancy offered by a modularly designed robot. This is the key novelty of this work. Extensive numerical and experimental studies were carried out to validate this controller. The robot was tested on four different surfaces and we report an overall average slip reduction of 44% and mean wheel-torque reduction by 16%.

Use of the kinematic radius in the rolling mechanics of an elastic wheel

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-27
Author(s):  
V.I. Kopotilov
Keyword(s):  
Traction Force ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Kinematic Parameter ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Elastic Wheel ◽  
Wheel Rolling ◽  
Physical Essence ◽  
Braking Force ◽  
Rolling Mode

The analysis of the physical essence of the kinematic and dynamic radii of the wheel is given. It is stated that the rolling radius of the wheel is a conditional kinematic parameter that characterizes only the rolling mode of the wheel. It is not the shoulder of all longitudinal forces acting on the wheel and should not be used to determine tractive forces, rolling resistance and wheel braking forces. Specific examples are given to illustrate the inappropriateness of using the kinematic radius to determine forces and moments. Keywords: elastic wheel, rolling radius, kinematic radius, dynamic radius, arm of force, traction force, rolling resistance force, braking force, rolling mode

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE OF BULK MATERIAL MOVEMENT PROCESS IN THE INACTIVE ZONE BETWEEN SCREW SECTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
O.M. Trokhaniak ◽  
R.B. Hevko ◽  
O.L. Lyashuk ◽  
T.A. Dovbush ◽  
B.V. Pohrishchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Screw Conveyor ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
Curved Paths ◽  
Agricultural Materials

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the process of moving bulk material in the inactive zone between hinged screw sections of a flexible screw conveyor. The influence of the gap between the edges of adjacent screw sections and the magnitude of their circular displacement on the process of continuous transportation of bulk material is presented. The results of theoretical and experimental studies are compared. This will allow choosing the optimal design, kinematic and technological parameters of the developed sectional screw working body when transporting bulk agricultural materials along curved paths, both in horizontal and inclined directions, as well as along curved paths.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD-FIBER MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 451-457
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yur'yevich Vititnev ◽  
Yuriy Davydovich Alashkevich ◽  
Natal'ya Geral'dovna Chistova ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Marchenko ◽  
Venera Nurullovna Matygullina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Traditional Construction

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the physical and mechanical properties of wood-fiber boards of the wet production method when regulating the design and technological parameters of the grinding process. This allowed us to determine the influence of the working clearance between the grinding discs and the concentration of fibre mass with the subject to of quality change wood fiber after defibrator using the developed construction of the disc fibrillation action on the physico-mechanical properties of boards. As a result of the experiment, regression models were obtained that adequately describe the studied grinding process and allow predicting the values of physical and mechanical properties of the finished product depending on the established  parameters process. A comparative analysis of the size and quality characteristics of the fiber semi-finished product and its fractional composition when using a developed construction the disc of refiner fibrillation action and a traditional design used in industry is carried out. The preferential efficiency of the grinding process under the fibrillating effect the disc of refiner in comparison with the traditional construction disc of refiner is established. As a result, there is a significant improvement in the quality indicators of the fiber semi-finished product and its composition due to the formation and predominance in the total mass of long and thin, respectively, flexible fibrillated fibers with high tile-forming properties, which allows to increase the strength properties of the product (by 20–25%), without using binding resins.

scholarly journals Heat transfer in the mold during vertical continuous casting of steel

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
E. I. Marukovich ◽  
E. B. Demchenko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Continuous Casting Of Steel ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Calculation Technique

The analysis of the performed researches has shown that the offered calculation technique is an effective means of management of formation process in casting. The found dependences and experimental data allow to calculate the specific value of the exactм heat flux in a given range of technological parameters obtained during a series of successful experiments for a particular casting method.Having the results of studies of the temperature regime of the mold during casting of a certain size and profile, it is possible to calculate the thermal state of the mold for the same casting process, but for the production of castings of any other size and profile.Having a certain amount of information on the temperature regime of the mold at different casting methods, you can use the solutions obtained to become the owner of a database containing the necessary information for solving the problems of solidification of the casting. In the subsequent design of equipment and equipment there is no need for additional experimental studies and analysis of the results.

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