scholarly journals Predicción, del peso vivo en ganado bovino, a partir de mediciones corporales.

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Napoleón Mejía ◽  
Claudia Velázquez ◽  
Assefaw Tewolde
Keyword(s):  
Live Weight ◽  
Fixed Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Natural Logarithm ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Cattle Ranch

This study took place in a cattle ranch working with double-purpose cattle, in the Department of Jutiapa, Guatemala, with the objective of calibrating a model of cattle measuring tape, with body measures, during the months of April, May and July, 1993. The measures were taken from 456 cattle heads, and the measuring variables comprehended: the torax diameter (TD), the body lenghth (BL), the live weight in kilograms (LW), and the age in years (AG). Cattle food was mainly pastures of “African Star” and “Jaragua” varieties, and other natural species. The herd produces milk all year round with a daily milking, and calves suckle until eight months old. The cattle measurements information was analyzed throughout fixed-effect models, including the TD, BL and AG variables, to determine the contribution of each effect for the live weight predictions. Two lineal multiple regressive models were adjusted by natural logarithm and by base-10 for males and females respectively. The analysis determined that in the studied population, the TD, BL and AG variables can be used to predict the live weight, according to the animal’s sex.

scholarly journals Conformation des bovins de race Nélore (Bos indicus) au ranch Kila-département de la Cuvette en République du Congo

2020 ◽  
Vol 43:1 ◽  
pp. 7340-7349
Author(s):  
DIMI NGATSE Silvère ◽  
OGNIKA Alexis Jonas ◽  
AKOUANGO Parisse
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Coat Colour ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Measuring Tape ◽  
The Common ◽  
Males And Females

L’objectif de l’étude a été d’apprécier la conformation et certaines mensurations de la race bovine Nélore dans le but de maitriser leurs aptitudes à la reproduction. Les animaux avaient trois (3) ans d’âge. Les mensurations et la conformation ont concernées 89 génisses et 28 taurillons en stade de reproduction, sur un troupeau de 2587 têtes. Les mensurations corporelles concernées ont été évaluées par la méthode traditionnelle à la toise et au mètre ruban. Le poids vif moyen des mâles a été de 418,97 kg ± 25,84 kg et celui des femelles de 333,67 ± 33,12 kg. La robe régulière est blanche, uniforme avec des membres sombres aux extrémités chez les mâles. La conformation indique de bonnes aptitudes bouchères et les mâles sont de grande taille. La hauteur au garrot a été de 1,54 ± 0,01 m et 1,48 ± 0,03 m pour les mâles et les femelles respectivement. La longueur scapulo-ischiale a indiqué 1,89 ± 0,03 m et 1,81 ±0,02 pour les mâles et femelles respectivement. Le périmètre thoracique de 1,82 ± 0.03 m et 1,72 ± 0,03 m respectivement pour les mâles et femelles. La liaison corrélative du poids vif a été plus marquée avec la hauteur au garrot (r= 0,926) qu’avec le périmètre thoracique (r= 0,81) et la longueur scapulo-ischiale (r= 0,730). Il est donc important que les éleveurs procèdent à l’étude des mensurations et de conformation des Nelores pour bien apprécier leurs aptitudes futures de reproductions dans une ferme. ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to highlight the morphometric characteristics and conformation of the Nélore bovine breed in order to control their breeding. The animals were all about three (3) years old. The measurements and conformation involved 89 heifers and 28 breeding bulls from a herd of 2,587 heads. The body measurements concerned were evaluated by the traditional method of the measuring board and measuring tape. The average live weight of males was 418.97 kg ± 25.84 kg and that of females 333.67 ± 33.12 kg. The Common coat colour is uniform white, with dark extremities in the males. The conformation indicates good beefing abilities and the males are large. The height at the withers was 1.54 ± 0.01 m and 1.48 ± 0.03 m for males and females respectively. The scapuloischial length of 1.89 ± 0.03 m and 1.81 ± 0.02 for males and females respectively and thoracic perimeter of 1.82 ± 0.03 m and 1.72 ± 0.03 m respectively for males and females. The correlation of body weight was more marked with the height at the withers (r = 0.926) than with the thoracic perimeter (r = 0.81) and the scapuloischial length (r = 0.730). It is therefore important that the breeders study the measurements and conformation in order to appreciate the future breeding abilities of the animals on a farm.

Influence of DAFS-25+polizon composition on blood and functional state of liver of steers at fattening

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Inna R. Kilmetova ◽  
◽  
Igor A. Rodin ◽  
Nazira I. Khayrullina ◽  
Nikolay G. Fenchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional State ◽  
White Blood Cells ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Stimulation Of

Summary. The disbalanced feeding and the uneven distribution of micro- and macroelements in the environment leads to a trace element, in particular hypomelanosis. To accelerate the growth and preservation of young farm animals include in the diet of various biological additives and drugs, which include selenium. For stimulation of weight gain in the livestock industry, as well as for the prevention and treatment of pathological processes in addition to micro - and macrouse amino acids, primarily methionine. The aim of this work was to study the influence of composition of DAFS-25+Polizon on morpho-biochemical parameters of blood and functional state of the liver in fattening bulls of black-motley breed in the conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan. Experiments using were conducted on bull-calves of black-motley breed of the properties in the properties age from 6 to 15 months. The first experimental group during the experiment was additionally given the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg, the animals of the control group received a standard diet. To assess the impact of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon on metabolism cattle studied morphological and biochemical indicators of blood and conducted histological examination of the liver. It is established that the use of the composition of DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg increases the number of erythrocytes and hemoglobin in the experimental group and reduces the amount of white blood cells. The serum content of total protein, phosphorus and calcium increases in the group of experimental animals. Microscopic examination of the liver revealed no changes in the structure of the organ and hepatocytes in the experimental group, whereas in the control group hemodynamic disorders and dystrophic changes in liver cells were observed. Thus, the use of the composition DAFS-25+Polizon at a dose of 2 mg/kg of live weight in fattening bulls black-and-white breed contributes to the increase of redox processes in the body, stimulation of metabolism, prevent the development of liver disorders of cellular mechanisms of metabolism, optimizes the structure of the liver, which generally provides higher productivity.

Size-At-Age Variability and Sexual Dimorphism of Morphometric Characteristics in the Late Ontogenesis of the Marsh Frog, Pelophylax Ridibundus (Anura, Ranidae), from Terrytory of Crimea

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-334
Author(s):  
V. N. Peskov ◽  
N. A. Petrenko ◽  
V. Yu. Reminnyi
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Morphometric Characteristics ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Size At Age ◽  
Linear Body

Abstract We study size-at-age and sexual variability of morphometric characteristics of the marsh frog. According to the size of the body, males were divided into three size-age groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus), females — into four groups (juvenis, subadultus, adultus, adultus-I). We found that the chronological age of frogs (skeletochronology) does not always correspond to their biological age (size and proportions of the body). We noted that the semi-adult males are reliably larger than females by mean values of 26 studied morphometric characters. Males and females of “adultus” group do not differ by linear body size, significant differences were found in body proportions (7 characters). For the females of “adultus-I” group, the mean values of 26 characters are significantly larger than for “adultus” males. The results of our study showed that with the age of the marsh frog, the level of exhibition, directionality and structure of morphometric sex differences changes.

Local mineral feed additives in the rations of steers of Hereford breed

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
M. Grigoryev ◽  
N. Chernogradskaya
Keyword(s):  
Economic Effect ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Meat Productivity ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Mineral Feed Additives

Animals imported to Yakutia from other regions fall into feeding and housing conditions that differ from their usual agro-climatic conditions, which causes the problem of their adaptation. Yakutia is one of the areas where the feed of its own production has a lack of basic minerals, which affects the health and productivity of animals, which has an additional negative influence on the adaptation process of imported cattle. In order to replenish macro- and microelements in the body, it is necessary to introduce various local mineral feed additives, premixes, and use mineral salts into the ration. Under the conditions of Central Yakutia the influence of local mineral feed additives (zeolite of the Khonguruu Deposit in the Suntar district and sapropels of local lakes) containing macro- and microelements that increase the meat productivity of steers has been studied. As a result of the research the influence of local mineral feed additives on meat productivity and physiological condition of Hereford steers has been established. Influence of zeolite and sapropel in a complex with mineral salts on digestibility of nutrients of the ration and use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus by experimental animals has been defined. The influence of feed additives on the quality of meat products has been studied. The results have shown that the use of local mineral feed additives in the composition of ration of steers during the fattening period at a dose of 0,7 g zeolite per 1 kg of live weight of the animal and 200 g of sapropel in combination with 10 g of mineral salts contributed to the gain in live weight, carcass weight, carcass yield, yield of edible parts, and economic efficiency of fattening. For the entire period of the experiment the gain in live weight in groups was: in control group 2222,9 kg, in the 1st experimental group 2396,2 kg, in the 2nd experimental group 2471,1 kg. The total economic effect for the 1st experimental group for the period of experiment amounted to 44,3 thousand Rubles, for the 2nd experimental group 78,0 thousand Rubles or per 1 head/day 14,06 and 24,76 Rubles, respectively.

The effectiveness of use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es when rearing of young pigs

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
S. Grikshas ◽  
N. Kulmakova ◽  
K. Spitsyna ◽  
A. Dar’in ◽  
T. Mittelshtein
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Feed Digestibility ◽  
Young Pigs ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Experimental Group

Mycotoxins have been formed in feed are secondary metabolites of fungi and are quite stable substances that have teratogenic, mutagenic and carcinogenic effects. An effective way to combat mycotoxins in feed is the use of feed additives that adsorb toxins, prevent their absorption in the gastrointestinal tract of the animal and are excreted from the body. The infl uence of coconut enterosorbent Shelltic Es on fattening and meat qualities of young pigs has been studied. It has been found in the process of fattening that the highest feed digestibility was in pigs of the experimental group, in the diet of which enterosorbent has been added. The results of studies of the chemical composition and technological properties of pork have been provided. The positive eff ect of enterosorbent on precocity, absolute average daily gain of live weight and reduction of feed expenditures per 1 kg of gain has been revealed. In pigs from the experimental group the average thickness of the fat was higher and the area of the “muscle eye” was lower compared with animals of the control group, which indicates that higher rates of carcass yield have been obtained due to faster accumulation of fat tissue. The weight of internal organs of pigs indicates the intensity of metabolic processes in the body. In experimental animals the weight of the lungs was 0,1 kg lower, and the liver and heart were higher by 0,13 and 0,01 kg, respectively. Enterosorbent had no effect on the content of vitamins in the liver of pigs of the compared groups. The content of impurities of organochlorine toxicants and toxic elements in the meat and liver of animals of the experimental group was lower than that of control analogues. Therefore, the use of enterosorbent Shelltic Es promotes more active excretion of them from the body.

Indicators of metabolism and biochemical status of blood in horses of Yakut breed in winter and spring seasons

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
U. Khompodoeva ◽  
R. Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Classical Method ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Spring Period ◽  
Biochemical Status ◽  
Adaptive Mechanisms

The results of researches on the peculiarities of metabolism in the body of horses of Yakut breed in the winter and spring periods under the environments of Central Yakutia have been presented in the article. Physiological experiments on the digestibility of the main nutrients of the feed have been carried out in the winter (February) and spring (April) periods under the environments of the physiological yard in the Yakutsk Scientific and Research Institute of Agriculture named after M. G. Safronov with using the classical method. Five mares and five geldings of Yakut breed have been selected for researches. The average live weight of mares was 378–410 kg, geldings 394–403 kg. The experimental animals had average fatness. It has been found a higher intake of energy and the main nutrients of hay as a mono feed in winter compared to the spring period. At the same time pregnant mares in winter have been consumed 103,8±3,12 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day, which was 27,3 % significantly higher than in the spring period – 75,4±2,18 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). Geldings have been consumed in the experiment 67,70±2,85 MJ, which was by 43,7 % higher than in the spring period – 38,05 ± 4,40 MJ of metabolic energy per head/day (P ≥ 0,999). Experimental animals have been housed in stalls; there was no energy expenditure for movement, so the amount of energy consumed in winter indicates the production of heat in the animal’s body. Pregnant mares per 100 kg of live weight have consumed 31,5±4,11 MJ of metabolic energy or 33,3 % more than in the spring period – 21,0±1,98 MJ; geldings have consumed 27,69±1,12, which was 41,78 % significantly higher than in the spring – 16,12 ± 0,75 MJ (P ≥ 0,999). The high intake of metabolic energy into the body of Yakut horses in winter is explained by the manifestation of adaptive mechanisms that affect the effective metabolism for survival, adapted to frequent changes in weather conditions and sharp temperature changes. The established differences in the biochemical parameters of blood serum of horses of Yakut breed are associated with changes in the consumption and digestibility of basic nutrients and energy, depending on the ambient temperature.

scholarly journals MERTK-Mediated LC3-Associated Phagocytosis (LAP) of Apoptotic Substrates in Blood-Separated Tissues: Retina, Testis, Ovarian Follicles

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1443
Author(s):  
Marina G. Yefimova ◽  
Celia Ravel ◽  
Antoine D. Rolland ◽  
Nicolas Bourmeyster ◽  
Bernard Jégou
Keyword(s):  
Sertoli Cells ◽  
Tyrosine Kinases ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Ovarian Granulosa Cells ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Cells ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Efficient Elimination

Timely and efficient elimination of apoptotic substrates, continuously produced during one’s lifespan, is a vital need for all tissues of the body. This task is achieved by cells endowed with phagocytic activity. In blood-separated tissues such as the retina, the testis and the ovaries, the resident cells of epithelial origin as retinal pigmented epithelial cells (RPE), testis Sertoli cells and ovarian granulosa cells (GC) provide phagocytic cleaning of apoptotic cells and cell membranes. Disruption of this process leads to functional ablation as blindness in the retina and compromised fertility in males and females. To ensure the efficient elimination of apoptotic substrates, RPE, Sertoli cells and GC combine various mechanisms allowing maintenance of tissue homeostasis and avoiding acute inflammation, tissue disorganization and functional ablation. In tight cooperation with other phagocytosis receptors, MERTK—a member of the TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK)—plays a pivotal role in apoptotic substrate cleaning from the retina, the testis and the ovaries through unconventional autophagy-assisted phagocytosis process LAP (LC3-associated phagocytosis). In this review, we focus on the interplay between TAM RTKs, autophagy-related proteins, LAP, and Toll-like receptors (TLR), as well as the regulatory mechanisms allowing these components to sustain tissue homeostasis and prevent functional ablation of the retina, the testis and the ovaries.

Evaluation Yorkshire and Landrace breeds of pigs according to PRKAG3, MC4R and MYOD1 marker genes

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
A. Balnikov ◽  
I. Gridyushko ◽  
Yu. Kazutova ◽  
M. Mikhailova ◽  
E. Romanishko
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
State Enterprise ◽  
Marker Genes ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Meat Productivity

Purpose: evaluation of pigs Yorkshire rocks and Landraz on PRKAG3, MC4R and MyOD1 markers.Materials and methods. The paper presents the analysis of the results of genetic testing, and determines the frequency of alleles and genotypes of Yorkshire and Landrace breeds at the State Enterprise ZhodinoAgroPlemElita" of the Minsk region of the Republic of Belarus by the genes-markers of productive traits: PRKAG3, MC4R and MYOD1. Zootechnical and molecular genetic methods were used in the research (PCR/PDRF). Snapshot analysis was developed for the genotyping of pigs to detect polymorphic markers of meat-feeding productivity of pigs on the Genas PRKAG3, MyOD1, MC4R. At the first stage, there was an assessment of tribal young (173 heads) on its own productivity in terms of indicators: the age of achieving the living mass of 100 kg, the average daily increase (d) from birth to the live weight of 100 kg, the length of the body (cm), the lifetime meat quality of the thickness of the scrape (mm), height of the longest back muscles (mm), the content of meat in the body (%). At the second stage of the research, the controlling fastenings of 200 goals of pigs and evaluation of feedst and meat qualities in the following indicators were carried out: the age of achieving a living mass of 100 kg (days), the average daily increase (d), feed consumption per 1 kg of growth (to. Units). Also determined: the length of the carcass (cm), the slaughter output (%), the thickness of the spick over 6-7 breast vertebrae (mm), the area of "muscular eye" (cm2), the mass of the rear third of the half carcass (kg), the flow of meat in the carcus (%). Then, genetic studies were compared with productivity indicators.Results. As a result of the research, it was found that in the tested animals, the frequency of the preferred allele I-PRKAG3 made 0.171-0.288, A-MC4R – 0.243-0.315, and C-MYOD1 – 0.064-0.477, respectively. The developed comprehensive system for assessing the breeding value of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs based on the marker genes PRKAG3, MC4R, and MYOD1 allowed us to identify the preferred alleles and determine correlation with productivity traits that provided increase in the average population values: for self-productivity - by 2-4%, for fattening traits - by 2.7-12.5%, for meat traits - by 2.8-34.4 %.Conclusion. The use of integrated system in pig breeding will speed up the selection work to increase the indicators of fattening and meat productivity of the created breeding herds of Yorkshire and Landrace pigs.

Further data on Iranian marine nematode diversity, with description of three new Desmodoridae Filipjev, 1922 (Nematoda: Desmodorida) species from the Persian Gulf

Nematology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Azadeh Gharahkhani ◽  
Ebrahim Pourjam ◽  
Daniel Leduc ◽  
Majid Pedram
Keyword(s):  
Persian Gulf ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pharyngeal Bulb ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Nematode Diversity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Persian Gulf ◽  
Amphidial Fovea

Summary The Desmodoridae is a diverse and widespread family of free-living nematodes. Here, we provide the first record of the group in the Persian Gulf and describe three new species: Metachromadoroides sinuspersici sp. n., Zalonema iranicum sp. n. and Z. supplementorum sp. n. Metachromadoroides sinuspersici sp. n. is characterised by finely annulated cuticle, short and stout cephalic sensilla, amphidial fovea on cuticular thickening, pharyngeal bulb well developed and partitioned into three sections, absence of precloacal supplements, and presence of 6-8 pairs of rounded postcloacal papillae. Zalonema iranicum sp. n. is characterised by papilliform subcephalic sensilla (best observed with SEM), convex cephalic capsule, large multispiral amphidial fovea with 4-5 turns in both males and females, buccal cavity with one ventrosublateral and two dorsal teeth and posterior body of males with lateral alae extending from the last third of the body to the cloacal aperture and ventral alae extending 1395-2250 μm anterior to the cloacal aperture, and no precloacal supplements. Zalonema supplementorum sp. n. is characterised by four subcephalic sensilla 1-2 μm long, multispiral amphidial fovea with three turns in both males and females, buccal cavity with one dorsal and two ventrosublateral teeth, males with lateral alae present on each side of body from posterior half of body to cloacal aperture, ventral alae extending 942-1257 μm anterior to cloacal aperture, strongly cuticularised spicules 41-43 μm long, and 12-16 precloacal supplements. Near full length SSU and partial D2-D3 LSU sequences are provided for M. sinuspersici sp. n. and Z. iranicum sp. n., and the COI sequence is provided for Z. iranicum. The SSU phylogeny suggests a close relationship between M. sinuspersici sp. n. and Metachromadora and Metachromadoroides species and the monophyly of Zalonema (after currently available data). The LSU phylogeny suggests an affinity between Metachromadoroides and Zalonema with Spirinia and Acanthopharynx, respectively.

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