scholarly journals Fishes from lakes and tributaries of the Rio Santa Bárbara, Sapucaí‑Mirim/Grande hydrographic basin, São Paulo, Brazil

Check List ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-640
Author(s):  
Paulo Baltazar Diniz ◽  
Hatus de Oliveira Siqueira ◽  
Tâmer de Oliveira Faleiros ◽  
Nycolas Levy Pereira ◽  
José Augusto Senhorini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Santa Barbara ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Small Tributary

Rio Santa Bárbara, a small tributary of the Rio Sapucaí-Mirim, has undergone severe human intervention over the past 80 years. We surveyed the ichthyofauna of this river, some surrounding lakes, and the Rio Potreiro, a tributary. Four campaigns were carried out, 2 in the dry season and 2 in the rainy season. We found 920 specimens at 12 sites and included 32 species belonging to 6 orders and 16 families. The order Characiformes was found to be best represented in our study, followed by the orders Cichliformes and Siluriformes. The family Characidae was the most numerous, followed by the families Cichlidae and Poeciliidae. A specimen of Brycon nattereri was collected from the Rio Santa Bárbara; this species is Critically Endangered in the state of São Paulo.

Coleoptera in the Canopy of the Cloud Forest From Tlanchinol in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 1012-1023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Márquez ◽  
Julieta Asiain ◽  
Ana P Martínez-Falcón ◽  
Jaime A Escoto-Moreno
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
The Family ◽  
Internal Site ◽  
Study Zone ◽  
Species Richness And Abundance

AbstractWe describe the biodiversity, seasonal variation, and the possible edge effect of Coleoptera found in the canopy of the cloud forest in Tlanchinol in the state of Hidalgo. The coleopterans were collected by means of three fogging events during the dry season and another three during the rainy season in three sites of the forest: the edge, an intermediate, and an internal site. In total, 3,487 coleopterans were collected, belonging to 325 morphospecies from 52 families. The family with the largest number of morphospecies and abundance was Staphylinidae, followed by Curculionidae and Chrysomelidae. Species richness and abundance were higher in the dry season than in the rainy season. The biodiversity analyses, however, suggest that the rainy season showed the highest biodiversity levels, mainly because of the pronounced dominance of some species in the dry season. Species composition was different between the dry and rainy seasons. The internal site showed the lowest biodiversity compared with the intermediate and edge sites. The main edge effect detected was that species composition in the edge site differed from the intermediate and internal sites. Species composition did not differ significantly between the two latter sites. These results suggest that the study zone had a considerable level of biodiversity of Coleoptera and that it was very likely in a well-preserved condition, which supports the findings of another study previously performed in the same site using flight intercept traps.

scholarly journals Anurans of the Reserva Biológica do Parazinho, Municipality of Macapá, state of Amapá, eastern Amazon

Check List ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananda Silva Araújo ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Costa-Campos
Keyword(s):  
Protected Area ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Accumulation Curves

We report a list of anurans from the Reserva Biológica do Parazinho (00°52′30″ N, 49°59′15″ W), a strictly protected area, part of the Bailique archipelago, in the municipality of Macapá, state of Amapá, Brazil. The study was carried out in September–October 2010 (dry season) and May–June 2011 (rainy season). We recorded 13 species of anurans, distributed among four families: Bufonidae (1), Hylidae (8), Leptodactylidae (3) and Pipidae (1). The accumulation curves did not stabilize, suggesting that the community was not completely sampled. This study provides the first information on anurans in insular areas of the state of Amapá, and highlights the importance of these areas for the conservation of anurans.

scholarly journals Survey of orchidaceae from the State of Sergipe, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Silvana Helena Nascimento Monteiro ◽  
Tamires Carregosa ◽  
Luiz Aquino Silva Santos ◽  
José Elvino do Nascimento Júnior ◽  
Ana Paula do Nascimento Prata
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
New Records ◽  
Secondary Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
The Family

The state of Sergipe, located in the Northeast Region of Brazil, covers an area of 21,994 km² and is the smallest state in the country. The vegetation of this region is predominantly caatinga, but there are also mangroves, dunes, restinga, fragments of original Atlantic Forest (which are intermingled with pastures, secondary growth, and agricultural land) and cerrado. During intensive fieldwork in Sergipe, we observed various Orchidaceae species that had not been recorded for the state, which made it necessary to update the list of species for this region. Within the state, the family is represented by 63 species and 34 genera, of which Habenaria (10 spp.) Epidendrum (4 spp.) and Encyclia (4 spp.) are highlights. Orchidaceae species from this region are generally terrestrial and occur in grasslands (59%, 37 of 63 spp.). The remaining species are epiphytes (21 spp.) and hemiepiphytes (3 spp.). The majority of the species flower at the beginning of the rainy season. Of the 61 species that were recorded during this study, 34 species are new records for the state of Sergipe. This work includes a list of the species of Orchidaceae from Sergipe, and provides data about the phenology and habitat for each taxon.

scholarly journals Submicroscopic malaria infection is not associated with fever in cross-sectional studies in Malawi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jimmy Vareta ◽  
Andrea G Buchwald ◽  
Angelica Barrall ◽  
Lauren M. Cohee ◽  
Jenny A Walldorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Submicroscopic Infection

Abstract Background: Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum infections are widespread in many areas. However, the contribution of these infections to symptomatic malaria is not well understood. In this study we evaluated whether participants with submicroscopic P. falciparum infections have higher prevalence of fever than uninfected participants in southern Malawi.Methods: We enrolled a total of 16,650 children and adults in the course of six cross-sectional surveys during the dry season (October - November) and after the rainy season (April - May) between 2012 - 2014 in three districts in southern Malawi. Demographic and socioeconomic data were collected in conjunction with data on clinical histories, use of malaria preventive measures, and antimalarial medication taken within two weeks of the survey. Axillary temperatures were measured, and blood samples were collected for P. falciparum detection by microscopy and PCR. Participants without malaria parasites detected on microscopy but with a positive PCR for P. falciparum were defined as having submicroscopic infection. Fever was defined as having any one of: reported fever in the past two weeks, reported fever in the past 48 hours, or a temperature of ≥37.5 °C measured at the time of interview.Results: Submicroscopic P. falciparum infections and fever were both detected in 9% of the study population. In the final analysis adjusted for clustering within household and enumeration area, having submicroscopic P. falciparum infection was associated with reduced odds of fever in the dry season (odds ratio = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.33 – 0.82); the association in the rainy season did not achieve statistical significance (odds ratio = 1.20; 95% CI: 0.91 – 1.59). The association between submicroscopic infection and fever was consistent across all age groups. When we limited the definition of fever to temperature of ≥37.5 °C measured at the time of interview, the association was not statistically significant in either the rainy or dry season.Conclusions: In this series of cross-sectional studies in southern Malawi, submicroscopic P. falciparum infection was not associated with increased risk of fever. Submicroscopic detection of the malaria parasite is important in efforts to decrease transmission but is not essential for the clinical recognition of malaria disease.

PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1963 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-147
Keyword(s):  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The State ◽  
Hard Work ◽  
Third Century ◽  
Pressure Group ◽  
Free Society ◽  
Pressure Groups ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
Form Of Government

WE HAVE previously looked at the pediatrician in the roles of the child's specialist, the family's medical advisor, and teacher (see the President's Message, Pediatrics, January, March, May, 1963). There is but one further, and inevitable, step in his service on behalf of the child, that of citizen. For when he becomes physician for the child, he becomes advocate for the child personally, with the family, in office and hospital, and among medical personnel, and, finally, within the community, the state, the nation. This role is especially important in a free society, under a democratic or representative form of government, where progress is made by education and persuasion rather than by fiat. If it seems that pressure groups often prevail, then the pediatrician at times must engender or join a pressure group on behalf of children. He quickly finds allies, for the welfare of children engages the interest of many. To some readers this series may seem nostalgic, biographic, or autobiographic, since references are often made to experiences of the author or the panel of pediatricians whose submitted ideas have been incorporated; to others it may seem to present the "glamor" of pediatrics. If so, the author pleads intentional guilt, but guilt on a factual basis. For this is pediatrics of the past third-century as 20 other pediatricians and I have seen and lived it; our experiences, from coast to coast, are not unique. And pediatrics—beyond the long hours and the hard work and the occasional heartache—does participate in the glamor of childhood, the wonder of growth and maturing.

Family Property Division and the Principle of Judicial Restraint

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Parkinson
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Family Law ◽  
The State ◽  
High Court ◽  
Family Courts ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Do So

The Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) provides that judges must not alter property rights on the breakdown of the relationship unless satisfied that it is just and equitable to do so. This is the principle of judicial restraint. In the past, and prior to the 2012 decision of the High Court in Stanford v Stanford, this principle was given almost no effect. The High Court sought to correct this approach, insisting that the family courts should not begin from an assumption that a couple’s property rights are or should be different from the state of the legal and equitable title. It also reaffirmed that there is no community of property in Australia. This article considers the significance of the principle of judicial restraint: first, in cases where the property is already jointly owned and, secondly, in cases where the couple have chosen to keep their finances separate.

A History Manuscript in Hausa Ajami from Wurno, Nigeria by Malam Haliru Mahammad Wurno

1989 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 389-396
Author(s):  
John Edward Philips
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Documents ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sokoto Caliphate ◽  
The Town ◽  
Local Languages

This manuscript is a history of the family of Muhammad Buji, who led a migration from the town of Bunkari in Argungu (Sokoto State, Nigeria) to Wurno, sometime capital of the Sokoto Caliphate. It is important as an illustration of the ongoing historiographical tradition of Islamic west Africa in local languages, and as evidence of the strong historical sense and continuing production of historical documents by certain of the scholars of the area.Wurno was constructed ca. 1830 by Muhammad Bello, Sultan of Sokoto and successor of Usuman dan Fodio, founder of the Sokoto Caliphate. Its primary purpose was to defend Sokoto from the northeast, and it replaced Magarya as the principal ribat (frontier fortification) and residence of Bello in that area. It also became the staging point for the annual dry season campaigns against the Gobirawa and other enemies of the Caliphate. When the Caliph himself was resident there, it became the capital of the state. Barth referred to it as such in his account of his travels. Wurno was the capital with more and more frequency as the nineteenth century wore on.

scholarly journals Trombiculiasis in domestic goats and humans in the state of Maranhão, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Luiz Horácio Faccini ◽  
Ana Clara Gomes Santos ◽  
Sandra Batista Santos ◽  
Fernando de Castro Jacinavicius ◽  
Ricardo Bassini-Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Family

Abstract Trombiculiasis is an infestation caused by larval mites (chiggers) of the family Trombiculidae. Here, we provide the first report on parasitism by the chigger species Eutrombicula alfreddugesi (Oudemans) and Eutrombicula batatas (Linnaeus) in goats and humans on farms in the state of Maranhão, northeastern Brazil. Severe itching and dermatitis caused by the chiggers' bites were seen. From a total of 779 examined goats, 214 of them showed clinical signs of infestation, as well as family members of three farms of the region. Most of the cases occurred during the rainy season, from March to September.

scholarly journals Melocactus (Cactaceae) no estado de Sergipe (Brasil) e aspectos de sua conservação

Lilloa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eronides S. Bravo Filho ◽  
Marlucia C. Santana ◽  
Paulo A. A. Santos ◽  
Adauto S. Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Central America ◽  
The State ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Floristic Survey ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Reproductive Phase ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Caribbean

The genus Melocactus of the family Cactaceae, subfamily Cactoideae is com - posed of 38 species distributed in Brazil, Central America, the Caribbean and in the Andes, and in Brazil the greatest world diversity of this genus (23 species) occurs. In the state of Sergipe, the Caatinga ecosystem occupies almost 50% of its territory, vegetation, where the largest number of species of the genus Melocactus occurs in Brazil. This study aimed to make a floristic survey of the genus Melocactus in the state of Sergipe and to analyze aspects of its conservation. The results were obtained through a survey in the herbarium database (ASE), SpeciesLink and field collections, where geographic coordinates and altitude were recorded. Specimens in the reproductive phase were collected for registration and identification in the herbarium (ASE). The phytogeographical domain of the species was identified in the macro - regions of the state, which made it possible to record the occurrence of five species of this genus, and a new one ( Melocactus sergipensis ), which is critically endangered.

scholarly journals Number of emerged seedlings and seedling longevity of the non-recruiting, Critically Endangered Håyun lågu Tree Serianthes nelsonii Merr. (Fabales: Leguminosae) are influenced by month of emergence

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (15) ◽  
pp. 8221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Marler ◽  
April N. Cascasan
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Baseline Level ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
In The Beginning

<p>Emergence and longevity of seedlings beneath Guam’s only known Håyun lågu Tree <em>Serianthes nelsonii</em> were studied to determine the fate of every observed seedling during 2013.  Newly emerged seedlings were marked with wire stakes every 15 days, then the stakes were collected at each seedling upon death.  Longevity of each seedling was calculated from the marked ending and emergence dates.  The least number of newly emerged seedlings was recorded at the end of the dry season, and the greatest number of newly emerged seedlings was recorded in the beginning of the rainy season.  More than half of the year’s 374 seedlings died in less than 30 days.  Seedling longevity ranged from a mean of 31 days for seedlings that emerged in May to 78 days for seedlings that emerged in June.  Our results reveal that the baseline level of recruitment potential of the lone survivor of this species on Guam is substantial, and underscore the need for further research to determine the factors associated with the acutely limited seedling lifespan.</p><div> </div>

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