scholarly journals Morphofunctional characteristics of single combats athletes as factors of success

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Leonid V. Podrigalo ◽  
Olha O. Podrihalo ◽  
Wladyslaw Jagiello ◽  
Olexandr V. Podavalenko ◽  
Irina P. Masliak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Wrist Joint ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Maximum Frequency ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
The Right ◽  
Group 1 ◽  
Factors Of Success

Background and Study Aim.  The aim of the article is a comparative analysis of the morphofunctional characteristics of athletes of various types of martial arts as factors of success. Material and Methods. The study participated students involved in martial arts (n = 29; age - 17.53 ± 0.15 years). The first group (group 1 - wrestlers) included judo, sambo, wrestling athletes (n = 12, age - 18.58 ± 0.38 years). The second group (group 2 - athletes of percussion martial arts) included athletes of karate, taekwondo (GTF), taekwondo (WTF), (n = 17; age - 18.12 ± 0.26 years). Determined 46 morphofunctional indicators: length and body weight; chest circumference in a pause, on inhalation and exhalation; length and circumference of the segments of the upper and lower extremities; wrist dynamometry. A goniometric study of the range of motion in the joints of the upper extremities was carried out. The dynamic grip strength was determined by the maximum frequency of hand squeezing in 10 seconds. To characterize the data, the median was determined - the first (25%) and third (75%) quartiles. Differences between groups were assessed using nonparametric criteria of Wilkinson-Mann-Whitney (U) and Rosenbaum (Q). Results. Athletes in group 1 had a greater interquartile range compared to athletes in group 1 in the following indicators: body weight; chest circumference in a pause, on inhalation and exhalation; hand dynamometry of the right and left hands; maximum frequency of the hand grip in the impulse mode with the left hand; shoulder width; circumference of the shoulder, forearm, thigh and lower leg. Athletes of percussion martial arts were characterized by large values of the shin length. The amplitude of abduction and adduction in the right wrist joint, the amplitude of abduction in the left wrist joint was greater in the wrestlers. Athletes of percussion martial arts had a large amount of extension of the left wrist joint, flexion of the right elbow joint, extension and abduction of the right shoulder joint. Conclusions. Analysis of morphofunctional indicators of athletes of various types of martial arts confirmed the specific effect of the sport on the body of athletes. The features that are the factors of success are highlighted. For wrestlers, these include hand strength in various modes. It allows to implement quickly and efficiently grip. This is the basis for a successful wrestling technique. Sufficient development of the muscles of the limbs ensures the execution of throws in wrestling. The lengthened calf size contributes to a more effective kick in martial arts. Goniometric features of movements reflect the possibility of high-quality gripping, striking or blocking. The used morphofunctional indicators can be applied to predict the success of athletes in various types of martial arts.

scholarly journals Measurement of Several Bodies Parts of Super Kampong Chicken Reared Intensively

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasil Tamzil ◽  
Budi Indarsih
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Individual Bird ◽  
The Right ◽  
Female Chicken

The study was designed to determine the size of some body parts of the Super Kampong chicken and its relationship with body weight. The study was conducted at the Teaching Farm of Animal Science Faculty, University of Mataram, in Lingsar Village, West Lombok. The study used 60 male and 96 female Super Kampong chickens which were maintained intensively. The variables observed were body weight, head circumference, neck length, wing length, back length, chest circumference, chest width, upper and lower thigh length, metatarsus length, metatarsus circumference, and third finger length. Measurements were made for each individual bird at 13 weeks of age using yarn then measured with a tape measure, while the dimension of chest width was assigned  by measuring the distance between the right and right sides of the chest using calipers. The results found that the body parts that had the biggest contribution to the body weight of the Super Kampong chickens at 13 weeks old were the size of the lower thigh length in the male chicken and the size of the chest circumference in the female chicken.

scholarly journals Detection of 15-bp Deletion Mutation within PLAG1 Gene and Its Effects on Growth Traits in Goats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2064
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wei ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Hui Wu ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Chuanying Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Cashmere Goat ◽  
Indel Mutation ◽  
Body Stature ◽  
Body Index

Stature and weight are important growth and development traits for animals, which also significantly affect the productivity of livestock. Polymorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is located in the growth-related quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN), and its variation has been determined to significantly affect the body stature of bovines. This study found that novel 15-bp InDel could significantly influence important growth traits in goats. The frequencies of genotypes of the 15-bp mutation and relationship with core growth traits such as body weight, body height, height at hip cross, chest circumference, hip width and body index were explored in 1581 individuals among 4 Chinese native goat breeds. The most frequent genotypes of Shaanbei white Cashmere goat (SWCG), Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goat (IMCG) and Guanzhong Dairy goat (GZDG) were II genotypes (insertion/insertion), and the frequency of ID genotype (insertion/deletion) was found to be slightly higher than that of II genotype in Hainan Black goat (HNBG), showing that the frequency of the I allele was higher than that of the D allele. In adult goats, there were significant differences between 15-bp variation and body weight, chest circumference and body height traits in SWCG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the locus was also found to be significantly correlated with the body index of HNBG (p = 0.044) and hip width in GZDG (p = 0.002). In regard to lambs, there were significant differences in height at the hip cross of SWCG (p = 0.036) and hip width in IMWC (p = 0.005). The corresponding results suggest that the 15-bp InDel mutation of PLAG1 is associated with the regulation of important growth characteristics of both adult and lamb of goats, which may serve as efficient molecular markers for goat breeding.

scholarly journals INJECTABLE COPPER AND ZINC FOR GRAZING YEARLING STEERS

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1033-1041
Author(s):  
F. A-R. SANKOH ◽  
R. J. BOILA
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cu And Zn ◽  
Group 1

Injectable Cu and Zn were evaluated as mineral supplements using 37 purebred Herefords (Group 1) and 23 Angus-Charolais-North Devon crosses (Group 2). The 60 steers were carried through a 113-d grazing phase. This was followed by a 79-d finishing phase for all steers of Group 1 and seven steers of Group 2. Treatments were combinations of the non-dosing (0Cu, 0Zn) and dosing (+Cu, +Zn) of steers with injectable Cu or Zn at the start of the grazing phase: (1) 0Cu, 0Zn; (2) +Cu, 0Zn; (3) 0Cu, +Zn; and (4) +Cu, +Zn. Injectables were the sole source of supplementary Cu and Zn during grazing and finishing phases. Means (SE) for Cu and Zn, respectively, in forages as milligrams per kilogram dry matter (DM) during the grazing phase were: grasses, 4.4 (0.17), 15.7 (0.46); alfalfa, 6.9 (0.18), 16.5 (1.49); and birdsfoot trefoil 5.0 (0.76), 15.0 (3.41). Injectable Cu did not influence (P > 0.05) body weight during the grazing phase. Body weight responses were lower (P < 0.05) for +Cu steers in the finishing phase, when dietary Cu was low, but steers could not be classified as Cu-deficient based on liver Cu. Liver Cu increased to means greater than 140 mg kg−1 DM in all steers, but was higher (P < 0.05) in +Cu steers during the grazing phase. Serum Cu varied widely during the grazing phase, but was higher (P < 0.05) for +Cu steers only on day 84 of the grazing phase. Neither liver Cu nor serum Cu was influenced (P > 0.05) by injectable Zn. Injectable Zn decreased growth rates in the latter part of the grazing phase but did not affect (P > 0.05) the body weight response during the finishing phase. The concentrations of Zn in liver and serum were not influenced (P > 0.05) by injectable Cu or Zn. Key words: Cattle, grazing, copper, zinc, injectable copper, injectable zinc

scholarly journals Effect of grazing period management on growth performances of camel in climate change condition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Change Condition ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

In order to decide the optimum time of grazing for camels during hot summer months, 10 growing camel calveswere divided into 2 equal groups. First group was sent for grazing during 10:00 h to 16:00 h daily and second groupallowed for grazing during thermo neutral period. The climatic variables were recorded daily (April 2012 to March2013). The average daily gain and total body weight gain in calves sent for grazing during relatively cool parts ofday (group 2) was significantly higher as compared to group 1 calves sent as per routine farm schedule. Theaverage intake of fodder and water from manger was higher in group 1 calves. The average DMI from manger forgroup 1 calves was higher as compared to group 2 calves. The comparative biometrics of camel calves in differentgrazing management practices revealed that body length, heart girth, height at wither, neck length were significantly(P&lt;0.01) higher in group 2 calves as compared to group 1 calves. After 180 days of experimentation, humpcircumference vertical and hind leg length were significantly (P&lt;0.05) increased in group 2 as compared to group1. Analysis of recorded data of climatic parameters revealed that average maximum temperature was higher duringJune 2012. The values of THI also were higher in monsoon and post monsoon months hence the practice of sendingcamel calves during relatively comfortable part of hot and hot humid months was successful in getting good growth.The relative humidity was significantly higher during morning as compared to evening period for all months. TheTHI was significantly lower during morning as compared to evening hours for all months in different climate forwhole year. Economic analysis reveals that the cost of feed per kg body weight gain was quite less in group 2 ascompared to group 1. So the practice of grazing of camel calves during cool hours of day remain profitable forfarmers by looking at the body weight gain and better body conformation in climate change condition.

scholarly journals Morphometrics and genetic diversity of Tegal, Magelang and their crossbred ducks based on Cytochrome b gene

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
H. Henrik ◽  
D. Purwantini ◽  
I. Ismoyowati
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Body Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cyt B Gene

This experiment was conducted to study the morphometric and genetic diversity of Tegal, Magelang, and their crossbred ducks. Each ten female about twenty weeks old ducks from Tegal, Magelang, Gallang, and Maggal ducks, respectively, were used as the group materialss. The body weight, chest circumference, body length, shank length, neck length, and pubis width were recorded and tested by analysis of variance of one way classification as the morphometric characteristics. Polymorphism of cytochrome b (cyt b) gene on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genetic distance was analyzed based on value of heterozygosity, whereas the phylogeny tree was reconstructed using MEGA6 software. The results showed there were highly significant difference (P<0.01) on body weight, chest circumference, body length, and neck length between population, while shank and pubis width were not significant different. The genetic distance between Gallang and Maggal ducks (0.206) was higher than Tegal and Magelang ducks (0.169). It is concluded that the reciprocal crosses increased the morphometric and genetic diversity of Indonesian local duck population.

Changes in Male Foot Shape and Size with Weightbearing

2006 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 330-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vern L. Houston ◽  
Gangming Luo ◽  
Carl P. Mason ◽  
Martin Mussman ◽  
Maryanne Garbarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Basic Set ◽  
Heel Width ◽  
The Right ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Footwear Design ◽  
Neutral Alignment ◽  
Full Body

Accurate, consistent measurement of foot-ankle geometry is essential for the design and manufacture of well-fitting, functional, comfortable footwear; for the diagnosis of certain biomechanical disorders; and for consistent longitudinal monitoring and assessment of pedorthic treatment outcomes. We sought to formulate a basic set of measures characterizing the principal geometric dimensions of the foot, to investigate how these measures vary with increasing weightbearing, and to explore the implications of weightbearing changes in pedal geometry for orthopedic footwear design and manufacture. The right feet of 40 healthy men aged 22 to 71 years were scanned using the Department of Veterans Affairs Pedorthics Optical Digitizer in neutral alignment, sequentially bearing 0%, 10%, 25%, 50%, and 100% of the subjects’ body weight. With support of the full body weight, the following mean changes in the pedal parameters were observed: heel-to-toe length, 1.5%; ball width, 4.3%; maximum heel width, 4.8%; and instep height, –9.3%. On average, 71% of the changes sustained in the pedal parameters at full weightbearing occurred when, or before, 25% of the body weight was applied. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 96(4): 330–343, 2006)

scholarly journals Correction of body weight and body composition in martial arts

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Max Aranson ◽  
Edvin Ozolin ◽  
Olga Tuponogova
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
The Body ◽  
Caloric Content ◽  
Literature Research ◽  
Sport Activities ◽  
Competition Rules ◽  
Competition Period ◽  
Harmful Effects

Aim of this paper is the analysis of the current issue of correction of body weight and body composition of wrestlers according to the literature. Research methods and organization. We carried out the review of the studies on the methods of correction (maintenance or change) of body weight and body composition, as well as the associated conservation of water balance in representatives of the Olympic martial arts. We reviewed the studies published in domestic and foreign scientific literature. Research results. It is a well-known fact that decrease in the caloric content of the diet goes together with an in- adequate and significant decrease in the intake of basic nutrients. Increased weight loss can cause pathological body changes and even death. This problem is especially significant for women's sports. The current practice of rapid weight reduction results in the loss of liquid; however, such methods are still popular, despite the actual evidence of their harmful effects on the body. Conclusion. Main methods of overcoming problems occurring during correction of body weight and body composition include regulation of competition rules, health control in a pre-competition period and training in sport activities.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal Disorders Symptoms among Taiwanese Bakery Workers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 2960
Author(s):  
Yi-Lang Chen ◽  
Yan-Ting Zhong ◽  
Bang-Nan Liou ◽  
Chih-Chuan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
The Body ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Musculoskeletal Discomfort ◽  
Ulnar Deviation ◽  
Left Wrist ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Shoulder Disorders ◽  
The Right

In this study, the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) was administered to a valid sample of 81 Taiwanese bakery workers to explore their discomfort or symptoms of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and identify the risk factors. Wrist postures were also examined during 3 typical dough operations (kneading, rolling, and rounding) by using an electrogoniometer. The prevalence of musculoskeletal discomfort in any part of the body in the past year among the respondents was 93.0%, with the highest prevalence of 66.3% and 51.8% in the hands/wrists (right and left), followed by the prevalence of 50.6% and 45.8% in the shoulders (right and left) and the lower back (48.2%), respectively. The results also revealed that during the 3 dough processing operations, the workers’ wrist movements in specific operations were close to the recommended limits suggested in previous studies, especially the ulnar deviation and palm flexion of the right wrist during dough kneading and the radial deviation of the left wrist during dough rolling and rounding. The study findings can be used to explain why the bakers self-report a high proportion of wrist and shoulder disorders and can also serve as a reference for task rearrangement and redesign.

La fraye d'une population d'éperlans géants, Osmerus eperlanus mordax, au lac Heney, Comté de Gatineau, Québec

1968 ◽  
Vol 25 (9) ◽  
pp. 1813-1830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roméo-O. Legault ◽  
Claude Delisle
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Testis Weight ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
Weight One ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Right ◽  
Two Populations

Two sympatric smelt populations inhabit Lake Heney, Gatineau County, Quebec. This study deals only with the population which we call "giant" but a brief discussion on "small smelt — large smelt" theory is included. The data were obtained from 1556 specimens collected with eight gillnets set up under the ice at one locality on Lake Heney, in February, March, and April 1967. The data permitted the determination of the time and site of spawning in the giant population. The time and site of spawning in the "dwarf" population was already known, and we found a marked difference in the spawning behavior and time of spawning of the two populations. The two populations are furthermore reproductively isolated. The sex ratio during the spawning period was closely followed and found to be similar to that of all other freshwater or marine smelts. A DeGiusti dredge, dragged along the bottom below the position of the gillnets immediately after the melting of the ice, permitted the collection of embryonic smelt eggs from a depth of 30–40 ft.The maturity index, relative fecundity, and intergonadal ratio were especially studied. Ovary weight at maturity represents in average one-quarter the total body weight, and testis weight one-fortieth the body weight. A 213-mm female lays an average of 42,460 eggs. The right ovary is 4.5 times smaller than the left one, and the right testis is on the average 3.8 times smaller than the left one.There is a direct relationship between total fecundity and length of mature females. This relation is expressed by the curve log E = 4.54 log L + k.

scholarly journals The experimental transmission of goitre from man to animals

1911 ◽  
Vol 84 (570) ◽  
pp. 155-156 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Experimental Transmission ◽  
Normal Thyroid ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
The Right

Experiments had repeatedly been carried out on dogs to test the assumption that goitre could be conveyed from man to animals by fæcal infection of the water supply, but with negative results. In the present experiments female goats were employed. The drinking water supplied to these goats was fouled by passing through a specially constructed box, which contained sterilised soil mixed with the fæces of goitrous individuals. In the case of one batch six goats, only this water was consumed. In the case of another batch of seven goats the box above referred to contained, in addition to the sterilised soil and fæces, 500 earthworms. These were added on the assumption that they might act as intermediate hosts to the infecting agent of the disease. The goats consumed this highly polluted water for 64 days, from October 13 to December 15, 1910. The results observed were (1) a loss of weight, due doubtless to confinement in a small hut for the 64 days of the experiment; (2) that many of them suffered from diarrhœa; and (3) that 50 per cent. of the animals showed enlargements of the thyroid gland, most marked on the right side. The thyroids of three control goats showed no alteration in size. The enlargement of the thyroid was observed to fluctuate in size considerably, a fact which had previously been noted in the case of experimentally produced goitre in man. The average weight of the normal thyroid of the goat in Gilgit is 1/10,000 part of the body weight. The enlarged glands of the goats in the experiment were found to weigh from 1/4,272 to 1/7,000 part of the body weight. In both batches drinking fouled water the results observed were the same.

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