scholarly journals Detection of 15-bp Deletion Mutation within PLAG1 Gene and Its Effects on Growth Traits in Goats

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2064
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wei ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Hui Wu ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Chuanying Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Cashmere Goat ◽  
Indel Mutation ◽  
Body Stature ◽  
Body Index

Stature and weight are important growth and development traits for animals, which also significantly affect the productivity of livestock. Polymorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) is located in the growth-related quantitative trait nucleotides (QTN), and its variation has been determined to significantly affect the body stature of bovines. This study found that novel 15-bp InDel could significantly influence important growth traits in goats. The frequencies of genotypes of the 15-bp mutation and relationship with core growth traits such as body weight, body height, height at hip cross, chest circumference, hip width and body index were explored in 1581 individuals among 4 Chinese native goat breeds. The most frequent genotypes of Shaanbei white Cashmere goat (SWCG), Inner Mongolia White Cashmere goat (IMCG) and Guanzhong Dairy goat (GZDG) were II genotypes (insertion/insertion), and the frequency of ID genotype (insertion/deletion) was found to be slightly higher than that of II genotype in Hainan Black goat (HNBG), showing that the frequency of the I allele was higher than that of the D allele. In adult goats, there were significant differences between 15-bp variation and body weight, chest circumference and body height traits in SWCG (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the locus was also found to be significantly correlated with the body index of HNBG (p = 0.044) and hip width in GZDG (p = 0.002). In regard to lambs, there were significant differences in height at the hip cross of SWCG (p = 0.036) and hip width in IMWC (p = 0.005). The corresponding results suggest that the 15-bp InDel mutation of PLAG1 is associated with the regulation of important growth characteristics of both adult and lamb of goats, which may serve as efficient molecular markers for goat breeding.

scholarly journals Novel InDels of GHR, GHRH, GHRHR and Their Association with Growth Traits in Seven Chinese Sheep Breeds

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1883
Author(s):  
Mingli Wu ◽  
Haidong Zhao ◽  
Xiaoqin Tang ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Xiaohua Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Mutation Site ◽  
Indel Mutation ◽  
Genotype Frequencies

The GH growth axis plays an important role in the growth and development of animals and runs through the whole life of animals. Many studies have shown that molecular mutations in key genes of the GH axis will affect the growth and development of animals. The purpose of this study was to explore the distribution characteristics of InDels of GHR, GHRH, and GHRHR in seven Chinese sheep populations, and to further explore the relationship between InDels and sheep growth traits. GHR showed high variation in Chinese sheep, and GHR-53 showed the highest minimum allele frequency (MAF). There was only one InDel mutation site in both GHRH and GHRHR. The genotype frequencies of Hu sheep (HS), Tong sheep (TS), and Lanzhou fat-tail sheep (LFTS) were quite different from other breeds. The association between GHR, GHRH, and GHRHR InDels and body size traits in seven varieties were analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant relationship between GHRH and body size traits in the seven sheep populations. There was a positive association between GHR-21 and hip height of LFSH (p < 0.05). GHR-43 reduced body height and chest depth of Small tail han sheep (STHS) and hip width of TS. GHR-44 significantly affected the body weight of HS, the body height of STHS and the head depth of TS. GHR-53 significantly reduced cannon girth of HS, chest of STHS and forehead width of TS. GHRHR-2 significantly reduced the body weight of LFHS. To sum up, this study revealed the effects of GHR, GHRH, and GHRHR InDels on sheep phenotypic traits, which indicated their potential application prospects in the genetic improvement of mutton sheep.

scholarly journals Detection of insertion/deletions (indels) of the <i>ATBF1</i> gene and their effects on growth-related traits in three indigenous goat breeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenyu Wei ◽  
Ke Wang ◽  
Yiqing Hui ◽  
Hailong Yan ◽  
Haijing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Growth Trait ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Cashmere Goat ◽  
Binding Factor ◽  
Indigenous Goat ◽  
First Time ◽  
Black Goat

Abstract. The AT motif-binding factor (ATBF1), also known as zinc finger homeobox 3 (ZFXH3), is necessary for activating the POU1F1 gene; thus, the ATBF1 gene greatly affects the grow traits in animals. The objective of this work was to explore novel indel (insertion/deletion) variations and their associations with growth traits in three native Chinese goat breeds. Two indels within the ATBF1 gene were found in the Shaanbei white cashmere goat (SWCG; n=581), the Guanzhong dairy goat (GZDG; n=334) and the Hainan black goat (HNBG; n=270) for the first time using 12 pairs of primers. Association analysis revealed that the P1-12-bp indel was consistently correlated with the body height of the three breeds, and individuals with ID (insertion/deletion) and DD (deletion/deletion) genotypes had a higher body weight than the II (insertion/insertion) genotype (P=0.036); the P11-6-bp indel was consistently correlated with chest circumference and hip width of the three breeds. Moreover, these two loci were associated with other several growth-related traits in different breeds. Hence, these findings indicated that the goat ATBF1 gene had marked effects on growth traits and the growth-trait-related loci, which would contribute to improving the growth-related traits of local breeds in the goat industry by implementing marker-assisted selection (MAS).

scholarly journals Growth and development of children under 5 years of age with tetralogy of Fallot in a Chinese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Jin Zhu ◽  
Jun An ◽  
Yuqing Wang ◽  
Yili Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Growth Retardation ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
The Body ◽  
Early Age ◽  
Local Conditions

AbstractCongenital Heart Defects (CHDs) are associated with different patterns of malnutrition and growth retardation, which may vary worldwide and need to be evaluated according to local conditions. Although tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the first described CHDs, the etiology outcomes in growth and development of TOF in early age child is still unclear in most cases. This study was designed to investigate the growth retardation status of Chinese pediatric TOF patients under 5 years old. The body height, body weight and body mass index (BMI) of 262 pediatric patients (138 boys and 124 girls) who underwent corrective surgery for TOF between 2014 and 2018 were measured using conventional methods. The average body height, body weight and BMI of the patients were significantly lower than WHO Child Growth Standards, while the most affected was body height. Meanwhile, higher stunting frequency and greater deterioration of both the body height and weight happened in elder age (aged 13–60 months) rather than in infant stage (aged 0–12 months) among these patients. Our results confirmed that intervention should be given at early age to prevent the growth retardation of TOF patients getting severer.

scholarly journals The Accuracy of Broselow Tape Weight Estimate among Pediatric Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turki M. AlHarbi ◽  
Abdullaziz AlGarni ◽  
Fasial AlGamdi ◽  
Mona Jawish ◽  
Tariq Ahmad Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Medical City

Objective.To determine the accuracy of the Broselow Tape (BT) versions 2007 and 2011 in estimating weight among pediatric population.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical City and six schools across Riyadh province on 1–143-month-old children. BT 2007 and 2011 estimated weights were recorded. Both tapes via the child’s height produce an estimated weight, which was compared with the actual weight.Results.A total of 3537 children were recruited. The height (cm) of the subjects was97.7±24.1and the actual weight (kg) was16.07±8.9, whereas the estimated weight determined by BT 2007 was15.87±7.56and by BT 2011 was16.38±7.95. Across all the five age groups, correlation between actual weight and BT 2007 ranged between 0.702 and 0.788, while correlation between actual weight and BT 2011 ranged between 0.698 and 0.788. Correlation between BT 2007 and BT 2011 across all the five age groups ranged from 0.979 to 0.989. Accuracy of both the tape versions was adversely affected when age was >95 months and body weight was >26 kilograms.Conclusions.Our study showed that BT 2007 and 2011 provided accurate estimation of the body weight based on measured body height. However, 2011 version provided more precise estimate for weight.

scholarly journals Volume estimations for combined free-weight and rubber-band resistance exercise

Kinesiology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd C. Shoepe ◽  
Jeanette M. Ricci
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Theoretical Method ◽  
Rubber Band ◽  
The Body ◽  
Volume Estimation ◽  
Gravitational Acceleration ◽  
Volume Calculation ◽  
Free Weight

Volume, or the total work performed during resistance training is one of the vital variables of resistance exercise programming. The most common definition in use by practitioners is sets x reps x external weight. While appropriate for linear loading incurred through free-weight resistance exercise, this inadequately addresses the nonlinear loading incurred with rubber resistance, a relatively new loading technique. The purpose of this investigation was to derive a theoretical model to describe a method of volume calculation for rubber band plus free-weight exercise. Men (n=51; age 19.5±1.6 years; body height 1.76±0.07 meters; body weight 77.3±11.3 kilograms) and women participants (n=66; age 18.9±1.1 years; body height 1.65±0.07 meters; body weight 62.8±9.1 kilograms) were measured for band lengths incurred at: squat with knee extended position, squat with flexed position, and change in band length was then calculated. Significant gender differences were seen for band length change as a percentage of body height (p&lt;0.5) during the squat, which mandated separate volume equations (females=33.8%; males=35.3% of body height). Equations were determined for total external volume estimation in kgm=[0.338(m+2c2+(ln(h)-0.383)2c1)]/g and kgm=[0.352(m+2c2+(ln(h)-0.382)2c1)]/g for females and males, respectively, where m is the total external resistance, c2 and c1 are constants derived from rubber-band loading parameters, h is the body height of the participant, and g is gravitational acceleration. This work provides practitioners and researchers with a simple theoretical method for work estimation using participant’s body height to estimate displacement values during the squat exercise.

scholarly journals The effect of lycopene and vitamin E on the growth performance, quality and oxidative stability of chicken leg meat

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 536-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Englmaierová ◽  
I. Bubancová ◽  
T. Vít ◽  
M. Skřivan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Oxidative Stability ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dietary Vitamin ◽  
Control Group

&nbsp;A 2 &times; 3 factorial design experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of adding lycopene <br />(0 and 75 mg/kg) and vitamin E (0.50 and 100 mg/kg) to the diet of chickens. Moreover, the study investigated growth traits, oxidative stability and chemical composition of leg meat and the vitamin content of meat and liver. The study was conducted using five hundred and forty Ross 308 male broilers that were assigned to one of the six dietary treatments. Significant interactions between lycopene and vitamin E additions affected the body weight of 21-days-old chickens (P = 0.005), the malondialdehyde content in fresh leg meat (P &lt; 0.001) and leg meat stored for 3 days at temperatures of 2.5 to 4&deg;C (P = 0.032), the cholesterol content in leg meat (P &lt; 0.001) and the lycopene content in liver (P = 0.006). The chickens with the highest body weight were fed 75 mg/kg of lycopene and 50 mg/kg of vitamin E. The vitamin E supplement increased the oxidative stability of fresh and stored leg muscle (P &lt; 0.001). The lowest mean cholesterol value (3.49 g/kg of dry matter) was found out in the meat from broilers that were fed 75 mg/kg of lycopene in contrast to broilers fed the control treatment without lycopene (3.93 g/kg of dry matter). Dietary vitamin E significantly reduced the fat content (P = 0.033) and increased the ash content of&nbsp;leg meat. The highest lycopene concentration in liver (2.82 mg/kg of dry matter) was in chickens that were fed the highest levels of vitamin E and lycopene in contrast with the control group (0.28 mg/kg of dry matter). &nbsp;

scholarly journals Morphometrics and genetic diversity of Tegal, Magelang and their crossbred ducks based on Cytochrome b gene

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
H. Henrik ◽  
D. Purwantini ◽  
I. Ismoyowati
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Genetic Distance ◽  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Body Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cyt B Gene

This experiment was conducted to study the morphometric and genetic diversity of Tegal, Magelang, and their crossbred ducks. Each ten female about twenty weeks old ducks from Tegal, Magelang, Gallang, and Maggal ducks, respectively, were used as the group materialss. The body weight, chest circumference, body length, shank length, neck length, and pubis width were recorded and tested by analysis of variance of one way classification as the morphometric characteristics. Polymorphism of cytochrome b (cyt b) gene on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was analyzed by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Genetic distance was analyzed based on value of heterozygosity, whereas the phylogeny tree was reconstructed using MEGA6 software. The results showed there were highly significant difference (P<0.01) on body weight, chest circumference, body length, and neck length between population, while shank and pubis width were not significant different. The genetic distance between Gallang and Maggal ducks (0.206) was higher than Tegal and Magelang ducks (0.169). It is concluded that the reciprocal crosses increased the morphometric and genetic diversity of Indonesian local duck population.

scholarly journals Copy Number Variation of the CADM2 Gene and Its Association with Growth Traits in Yak

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Ge ◽  
Congjun Jia ◽  
Min Chu ◽  
Chunnian Liang ◽  
Ping Yan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Copy Number Variation ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Gene Copy ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Economic Traits ◽  
Number Variation

Copy number variation (CNV) is currently accepted as a common source of genetic variation. It is reported that CNVs may influence the resistance to disease and complex economic traits, such as residual feed intake, muscle formation, and fat deposition in livestock. Cell adhesion molecule 2 (CADM2) is expressed widely in the brain and adipose tissue and can regulate body weight through the central nervous system. Growth traits are important economic traits for animal selection. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of CADM2 gene copy number variants on yak growth traits. Here, two CNVs in the CADM2 gene were investigated using the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and the association of the CNVs with growth traits in yak was analyzed using statistical methods by SPSS software. Differences were considered significant if the p value was < 0.05. Statistical analysis indicated significant association of CADM2-CNV2 with the body weight of the Chinese Ashidan yak. A significant effect of CNV2 (p < 0.05) was found on body weight at 6 months. In CNV2, the gain-type copy number variation exhibited greater performance than the other variants, with greater body weight observed at 6 months (p < 0.05). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to investigate the function of CADM2-CNVs and their association with growth traits in animals. This may be a useful candidate marker in marker-assisted selection of yaks.

scholarly journals The Relationship Between Body Mass Index with Body Fat Percentage of Participants EXPO 2021 Universitas Teuku Umar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Suci Eka Putri ◽  
Adelina Irmayani Lubis
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Height ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
The Relationship

Body mass index (BMI) is to monitor nutritional status adults, especially those related to deficiency and overweight. Body fat percentage can describe the risk of degenerative diseases.This study was conducted to measure the relationship between BMI and body fat percentage. Methods An analytical study was conducted to 41 male and 51 female participant from Universitas Teuku Umar. The body weight was measured using scales, whereas the body height was measured using microtoise. The body fat percentage was measured using Karada Scan. The BMI was calculated by dividing the body weight in kilogram divided by body height in meter square. Data was collected from 16-18th February 2021 and analyzed by Pearson’s correlation test. The results showed BMI underweight, normal, and overweight were 10,9, 57,6, and 31,5. High body fat percentage in men were 75,6% and in women were 35,5%. There is a relationship between the nutritional status of the women group and the body fat percentage with p-value is obtained = 0.021. Furthermore, for men, there is no relationship between nutritional status in the men group and the body fat percentage. There is a relationship between nutritional status and body fat percentage in women. Among this population, BMI can still be used to determine body fat percentage

scholarly journals Measurement of Several Bodies Parts of Super Kampong Chicken Reared Intensively

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hasil Tamzil ◽  
Budi Indarsih
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Wing Length ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chest Circumference ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Neck Length ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Individual Bird ◽  
The Right ◽  
Female Chicken

The study was designed to determine the size of some body parts of the Super Kampong chicken and its relationship with body weight. The study was conducted at the Teaching Farm of Animal Science Faculty, University of Mataram, in Lingsar Village, West Lombok. The study used 60 male and 96 female Super Kampong chickens which were maintained intensively. The variables observed were body weight, head circumference, neck length, wing length, back length, chest circumference, chest width, upper and lower thigh length, metatarsus length, metatarsus circumference, and third finger length. Measurements were made for each individual bird at 13 weeks of age using yarn then measured with a tape measure, while the dimension of chest width was assigned  by measuring the distance between the right and right sides of the chest using calipers. The results found that the body parts that had the biggest contribution to the body weight of the Super Kampong chickens at 13 weeks old were the size of the lower thigh length in the male chicken and the size of the chest circumference in the female chicken.

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