NV-Diamond Magnetometer Using Electron Irradiation

2013 ◽  
Vol 1511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Kim ◽  
Victor M. Acosta ◽  
Erik Bauch ◽  
Dmitry Budker ◽  
Philip R. Hemmer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin ◽  
Electron Irradiation ◽  
Spin Transition ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Future Generation ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Logic Device ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Nv Center ◽  
Nv Centers

ABSTRACTNitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an emerging system for quantum-logic device and sensor applications. The key feature of the NV center is the ability of spin manipulation at room temperature. We apply a wide range of electron irradiation to generate the NV centers in nitrogen-rich diamond for creating best sensitivity. The NV0 and NV─ concentrations in electron irradiated diamond are determined from optical spectra. Additionally, electron spin resonance (ESR) has also proven to be an effective method for probing the electron spin transition between |ms=±1> and |ms=0> states of the NV centers. A study of ESR frequency shift and signal broadening and magnetometer sensitivity as a function of electron irradiation dose has been conducted. The research presented herein is a demonstration of minimum detectable magnetic field tailoring required for future-generation high-sensitivity diamond magnetometry.

scholarly journals Sensing Electrochemical Signals Using a Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Diamond

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 358
Author(s):  
Hossein T. Dinani ◽  
Enrique Muñoz ◽  
Jeronimo R. Maze
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Electron Spin ◽  
Electrolyte Solution ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Coherence Time ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Local Concentration ◽  
Concentration Of Ions ◽  
Nv Center

Chemical sensors with high sensitivity that can be used under extreme conditions and can be miniaturized are of high interest in science and industry. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is an ideal candidate as a nanosensor due to the long coherence time of its electron spin and its optical accessibility. In this theoretical work, we propose the use of an NV center to detect electrochemical signals emerging from an electrolyte solution, thus obtaining a concentration sensor. For this purpose, we propose the use of the inhomogeneous dephasing rate of the electron spin of the NV center (1/T2★) as a signal. We show that for a range of mean ionic concentrations in the bulk of the electrolyte solution, the electric field fluctuations produced by the diffusional fluctuations in the local concentration of ions result in dephasing rates that can be inferred from free induction decay measurements. Moreover, we show that for a range of concentrations, the electric field generated at the position of the NV center can be used to estimate the concentration of ions.

scholarly journals Atomic Scale Magnetic Sensing and Imaging Based on Diamond NV Centers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myeongwon Lee ◽  
Jungbae Yoon ◽  
Donghun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Sensors ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Spin Coherence ◽  
Solid State Physics ◽  
Operation Condition ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Wide Field Of View ◽  
Nv Center

The development of magnetic sensors simultaneously satisfying high magnetic sensitivity and high spatial resolution becomes more important in a wide range of fields including solid-state physics and life science. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a promising candidate to realize nanometer-scale magnetometry due to its excellent spin coherence properties, magnetic field sensitivity, atomic-scale size and versatile operation condition. Recent experiments successfully demonstrate the use of NV center in various sensing and imaging applications. In this chapter, we review the basic sensing mechanisms of the NV center and introduce imaging applications based on scanning magnetometry and wide field-of-view optics.

scholarly journals Monitoring Dark-State Dynamics of a Single Nitrogen-Vacancy Center in Nanodiamond by Auto-Correlation Spectroscopy: Photonionization and Recharging

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 979
Author(s):  
Mengdi Zhang ◽  
Bai-Yan Li ◽  
Jing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Laser Power ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Transition Time ◽  
Dark State ◽  
Auto Correlation ◽  
Nv Center ◽  
Photon Process ◽  
Nv Centers

In this letter, the photon-induced charge conversion dynamics of a single Nitrogen-Vacancy (NV) center in nanodiamond between two charge states, negative (NV−) and neutral (NV0), is studied by the auto-correlation function. It is observed that the ionization of NV− converts to NV0, which is regarded as the dark state of the NV−, leading to fluorescence intermittency in single NV centers. A new method, based on the auto-correlation calculation of the time-course fluorescence intensity from NV centers, was developed to quantify the transition kinetics and yielded the calculation of transition rates from NV− to NV0 (ionization) and from NV0 to NV− (recharging). Based on our experimental investigation, we found that the NV−-NV0 transition is wavelength-dependent, and more frequent transitions were observed when short-wavelength illumination was used. From the analysis of the auto-correlation curve, it is found that the transition time of NV− to NV0 (ionization) is around 0.1 μs, but the transition time of NV0 to NV− (recharging) is around 20 ms. Power-dependent measurements reveal that the ionization rate increases linearly with the laser power, while the recharging rate has a quadratic increase with the laser power. This difference suggests that the ionization in the NV center is a one-photon process, while the recharging of NV0 to NV− is a two-photon process. This work, which offers theoretical and experimental explanations of the emission property of a single NV center, is expected to help the utilization of the NV center for quantum information science, quantum communication, and quantum bioimaging.

scholarly journals Идентификация NV-центров в синтетических флуоресцентных наноалмазах и контроль дефектности кристаллитов методом электронного парамагнитного резонанса

2022 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 332
Author(s):  
В.Ю. Осипов ◽  
К.В. Богданов ◽  
F. Treussart ◽  
A. Rampersaud ◽  
А.В. Баранов
Keyword(s):  
Surface Defects ◽  
Diamond Particle ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Nv Center ◽  
Integrated Intensity ◽  
Diamond Powders ◽  
Nv Centers

A 100 nm synthetic diamond particle with a large (> 4 ppm) amount of nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers has been studied. The latter exhibit lines associated with forbidden Delta m_s = 2 and allowed Delta m_s = 1 transitions in the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectra of the ground state of the NV(-) center. The luminescence intensity of particles in the range 550-800 nm increases with an increase in the irradiation dose of 5 MeV electrons and correlates with the integrated intensity of the EPR line with a g-factor g = 4.27.This value is used to estimate the concentration of NV(-) centers and to select diamond powders with the highest fluorescence intensity. The dependence of the EPR signal intensity of the Delta m_s = 2 transition of the NV(-) center on the microwave power has the form of a curve with saturation and subsequent decay, and rather well characterizes the crystal quality of the local environment of the centers under study in these particles. The intensity of the x,y Delta m_s = 1 transition (at ~281.2 mT, 9.444 GHz) turns out to be more sensitive to changes in particle size in the submicron range and the appearance of near-surface defects obtained during mechanical processing.

scholarly journals Gradiometer Using Separated Diamond Quantum Magnetometers

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
Yuta Masuyama ◽  
Katsumi Suzuki ◽  
Akira Hekizono ◽  
Mitsuyasu Iwanami ◽  
Mutsuko Hatano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Dynamic Range ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
High Dynamic Range ◽  
Noise Spectrum ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Weak Magnetic Fields ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Nv Center

The negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamonds is known as the spin defect and using its electron spin, magnetometry can be realized even at room temperature with extremely high sensitivity as well as a high dynamic range. However, a magnetically shielded enclosure is usually required to sense weak magnetic fields because environmental magnetic field noises can disturb high sensitivity measurements. Here, we fabricated a gradiometer with variable sensor length that works at room temperature using a pair of diamond samples containing negatively charged NV centers. Each diamond is attached to an optical fiber to enable free sensor placement. Without any magnetically shielding, our gradiometer realizes a magnetic noise spectrum comparable to that of a three-layer magnetically shielded enclosure, reducing the noises at the low-frequency range below 1 Hz as well as at the frequency of 50 Hz (power line frequency) and its harmonics. These results indicate the potential of highly sensitive magnetic sensing by the gradiometer using the NV center for applications in noisy environments such as outdoor and in vehicles.

scholarly journals Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 2128-2151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Boretti ◽  
Lorenzo Rosa ◽  
Jonathan Blackledge ◽  
Stefania Castelletto
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Point Defect ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Imaging ◽  
Nv Center ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy Centers ◽  
Nv Centers

The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center is a point defect in diamond with unique properties for use in ultra-sensitive, high-resolution magnetometry. One of the most interesting and challenging applications is nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (nano-MRI). While many review papers have covered other NV centers in diamond applications, there is no survey targeting the specific development of nano-MRI devices based on NV centers in diamond. Several different nano-MRI methods based on NV centers have been proposed with the goal of improving the spatial and temporal resolution, but without any coordinated effort. After summarizing the main NV magnetic imaging methods, this review presents a survey of the latest advances in NV center nano-MRI.

scholarly journals Modulation of nitrogen vacancy charge state and fluorescence in nanodiamonds using electrochemical potential

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (15) ◽  
pp. 3938-3943 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinan Karaveli ◽  
Ophir Gaathon ◽  
Abraham Wolcott ◽  
Reyu Sakakibara ◽  
Or A. Shemesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge State ◽  
Quantum Information Processing ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Wide Field ◽  
Fluorescence Sensing ◽  
Biologically Relevant ◽  
State Dependent ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Electrochemical Potentials ◽  
Nv Centers

The negatively charged nitrogen vacancy (NV−) center in diamond has attracted strong interest for a wide range of sensing and quantum information processing applications. To this end, recent work has focused on controlling the NV charge state, whose stability strongly depends on its electrostatic environment. Here, we demonstrate that the charge state and fluorescence dynamics of single NV centers in nanodiamonds with different surface terminations can be controlled by an externally applied potential difference in an electrochemical cell. The voltage dependence of the NV charge state can be used to stabilize the NV− state for spin-based sensing protocols and provides a method of charge state-dependent fluorescence sensing of electrochemical potentials. We detect clear NV fluorescence modulation for voltage changes down to 100 mV, with a single NV and down to 20 mV with multiple NV centers in a wide-field imaging mode. These results suggest that NV centers in nanodiamonds could enable parallel optical detection of biologically relevant electrochemical potentials.

scholarly journals High-fidelity single-shot readout of single electron spin in diamond with spin-to-charge conversion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Zhang ◽  
Yuhang Guo ◽  
Wentao Ji ◽  
Mengqi Wang ◽  
Jun Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spin ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fault Tolerant ◽  
Nitrogen Vacancy ◽  
Resonance Excitation ◽  
High Fidelity ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Resonance Fluorescence ◽  
Spin Flip ◽  
Nv Center

AbstractHigh fidelity single-shot readout of qubits is a crucial component for fault-tolerant quantum computing and scalable quantum networks. In recent years, the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond has risen as a leading platform for the above applications. The current single-shot readout of the NV electron spin relies on resonance fluorescence method at cryogenic temperature. However, the spin-flip process interrupts the optical cycling transition, therefore, limits the readout fidelity. Here, we introduce a spin-to-charge conversion method assisted by near-infrared (NIR) light to suppress the spin-flip error. This method leverages high spin-selectivity of cryogenic resonance excitation and flexibility of photoionization. We achieve an overall fidelity > 95% for the single-shot readout of an NV center electron spin in the presence of high strain and fast spin-flip process. With further improvements, this technique has the potential to achieve spin readout fidelity exceeding the fault-tolerant threshold, and may also find applications on integrated optoelectronic devices.

scholarly journals Gold–Carbon Nanocomposites for Environmental Contaminant Sensing

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 719
Author(s):  
Shahrooz Rahmati ◽  
William Doherty ◽  
Arman Amani Babadi ◽  
Muhamad Syamim Akmal Che Mansor ◽  
Nurhidayatullaili Muhd Julkapli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Environmental Crisis ◽  
World Population ◽  
Chemical Contaminants ◽  
Carbon Nanocomposites ◽  
Minimal Sample ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
And Control ◽  
Analytical Tools

The environmental crisis, due to the rapid growth of the world population and globalisation, is a serious concern of this century. Nanoscience and nanotechnology play an important role in addressing a wide range of environmental issues with innovative and successful solutions. Identification and control of emerging chemical contaminants have received substantial interest in recent years. As a result, there is a need for reliable and rapid analytical tools capable of performing sample analysis with high sensitivity, broad selectivity, desired stability, and minimal sample handling for the detection, degradation, and removal of hazardous contaminants. In this review, various gold–carbon nanocomposites-based sensors/biosensors that have been developed thus far are explored. The electrochemical platforms, synthesis, diverse applications, and effective monitoring of environmental pollutants are investigated comparatively.

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