The Efficiency of SiO2 Based Materials in Granulated Artificial Aggregates

2014 ◽  
Vol 1611 ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Ogurtsova ◽  
Valeria Strokova ◽  
Igor Zhernovsky ◽  
Aleksey Maksakov ◽  
Marina Kozhukhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amorphous Silica ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Silica Content ◽  
Porous Space ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
New Type ◽  
And Migration

ABSTRACTThis paper reports on the development of a new type of low cost artificial aggregates based on granulated reactive silica (AAGS) for application in lightweight concrete. The functional principle of AAGS is based on the formation of polysilicate solutions under heat treatment (up to 80 °C) and migration of these solutions into the porous space of concrete under the thermal gradients, resulting in strengthening of inter-porous space. Developed AAGSs are based on low cost local raw materials, which may contain different amounts of amorphous silica. The activity coefficient (AC) and amorphous silica content are used to evaluate the performance of raw materials by suggested accelerated method.Silica components with different genesis are investigated and ranked according to their AC. It is found out that chemogenic and biogenic siliceous rocks with a low degree of diagenetic transformations, which are mostly represented by CT-opals (a low-temperature nanoscale modification of tridymite and crystobalite, such as diatomite, tripoli and opoka) are the most highly active raw materials for AAGS. All tested siliceous materials including natural and artificial components are divided into three groups: highly active (with AC of 51–100%), active (with AC of 21–50 %) and low-active (with AC of 5–20 %). Based on theoretical and experimental studies, the requirements for AAGS raw materials are developed.

scholarly journals Innovative Low-Cost Carbon/ZnO Hybrid Materials with Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity towards Organic Pollutant Dyes’ Removal

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1873
Author(s):  
Petronela Pascariu ◽  
Niculae Olaru ◽  
Aurelian Rotaru ◽  
Anton Airinei
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Organic Pollutant ◽  
Zno Nanostructures ◽  
Zno Nanocrystals ◽  
Electrospinning Method ◽  
New Type

A new type of material based on carbon/ZnO nanostructures that possesses both adsorption and photocatalytic properties was obtained in three stages: cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) microfiber mats prepared by the electrospinning method, ZnO nanostructures growth by dipping and hydrothermal methods, and finally thermal calcination at 600 °C in N2 for 30 min. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the structural characteristics. It was found that ZnO possesses a hexagonal wurtzite crystalline structure. The ZnO nanocrystals with star-like and nanorod shapes were evidenced by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) measurements. A significant decrease in Eg value was found for carbon/ZnO hybrid materials (2.51 eV) as compared to ZnO nanostructures (3.21 eV). The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by studying the degradation of three dyes, Methylene Blue (MB), Rhodamine B (RhB) and Congo Red (CR) under visible-light irradiation. Therefore, the maximum color removal efficiency (both adsorption and photocatalytic processes) was: 97.97% of MB (C0 = 10 mg/L), 98.34% of RhB (C0 = 5 mg/L), and 91.93% of CR (C0 = 10 mg/L). Moreover, the value of the rate constant (k) was found to be 0.29 × 10−2 min−1. The novelty of this study relies on obtaining new photocatalysts based on carbon/ZnO using cheap and accessible raw materials, and low-cost preparation techniques.

scholarly journals Innovative approach to combined healthy food

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
E N Tretyakova ◽  
A G Necheporuk ◽  
V A Babushkin ◽  
I B Kirina ◽  
A G Pershikova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Healthy Food ◽  
Innovative Approach ◽  
White Meat ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Healthy Nutrition ◽  
New Type

Abstract The paper analyzes the possibility of not only expanding the range of healthy food products, but also reducing its cost due to the combination of natural animal and plant raw materials. The possibility of introducing an innovative approach to the creation of products aimed at healthy nutrition was considered. It was found that the inclusion of plant additives into traditional meat-containing products will not only contribute to high quality products, but also products with increased nutritional and biological value. It was proved that the inclusion of plant ingredients ensures products with functional properties, high physicochemical and organoleptic indices. It was revealed that the proposed technological scheme and formula of a new type of meat-containing semi-product in dough with the introduction of vegetal raw materials will make the product more functional. The obtained results showed that the inclusion of wheat bran, nettle and onions in minced white meat will make it possible to enrich the product with essential nutrients. The obtained results of the study show that the combination of natural and plant raw materials makes it possible to obtain a product with high quality at a low cost aimed at improving the health of large population groups.

scholarly journals Measurement of thermal conductivity in lightweight concrete produced with ground stone residue

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (74) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudio Nelson Mateus Lucas ◽  
Maximiliano dos Anjos Azambuja ◽  
Vicente Luiz Scalon
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hot Plate ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Ground Stone ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Production Technologies

With the advancement of concrete production technologies, such as the development of additives, use of different aggregates, dosing methods, mixing and application equipment, they have contributed to the emergence of concrete with special characteristics, as is the case with light concrete. Given the above, this research continues the experimental studies of structural lightweight concrete with expanded clay (coarse aggregate) developed by Lucas and Azambuja (2020). This research presents the results of mechanical properties at older ages, 28 days 214 days for Trait 1 (AN100%) and Trait 2 (AB20%) compared to the results of 7 days of age, however, the main contribution was the measurement of thermal conductivity with construction of a low-cost prototype in accordance with NBR 15220-4:2005, using the protected hot plate method. The results showed compressive strength values ​​of a minimum of 17,8 MPa at 7 days of age and a maximum of 28,6 MPa at 214 days, values ​​above 17 MPa established by NBR NM 35:1995 at 28 days, as well as the tensile strength by diametrical compression, which also presented values ​​that served as a basis for framing concrete as lightweight and structural. The evaluation of thermal conductivity was performed using a hot plate, in which the results were satisfactory between 0,44 and 0,71 W/(m.k), appropriate values ​​to answer the question of thermal performance, thus as well as complying with the established by ABNT NBR 15220-2:2008.

Study on Production Technology of Paper Wooden Compound Pallets

2013 ◽  
Vol 690-693 ◽  
pp. 1057-1060
Author(s):  
Jian Hai Guo ◽  
Jun Yan Huang ◽  
Xin Sun ◽  
Shuang Ling Wu ◽  
Jie Ma
Keyword(s):  
Flat Plate ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Production Technology ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Particle Board ◽  
New Type

The paper wooden compound pallets are produced through the processing and assembly by using particle board, paper tubes and PE coated paper board as raw materials. Comparing with traditional wooden flat plate, the new type of green environmental protection pallets has many advantages such as high strength, light weight, low cost, waterproof, anti-moth-eaten, no need fumigation, etc. is an ideal green transport packaging materials for export commodities. The paper discusses and probes into the process and technology of paper wooden compound pallets.

scholarly journals Utilization of Construction and Demolition Waste Along with Fly Ash waste in Preparing Non-Autoclaved Aerated Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Qunshan Wei ◽  
◽  
Kashif Ali Panhwar ◽  
Zuhair Nadeem ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Construction And Demolition Waste ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Aerated Concrete

China’s construction industries are rapidly increasing, and with that generation of Construction and Demolition waste is also growing, and another side industrial waste such as fly ash produced by a thermal power plant, Associated environmental issues, it is essential to utilize in any form; Studies by concrete experts have indicated the feasibility of suitably handling and recycling such waste in new concrete, mainly for basic-level applications. Non-autoclaved aerated concrete is a lightweight substance that could be used as substitute building materials; it is generally made up of raw materials such as Cement, quicklime, gypsum, sand, and expansion agent like an aluminum powder; in this study, 40% waste utilized, Construction and demolition waste (5%,10%,15%,20% ………40%) and Fly ash (35%,30%,25%,20%......0%) accordingly, while expansion agent maintained constant at 0.06%. The compressive strength of the final material checked after (7,14,21 and 28 days) respectively, obtained maximum strength after 28 days; this study goals to design a low cost, Non-autoclaved aerated concrete material and to reuse the waste produced from different sectors, mainly from the construction sector Keywords: Non-Autoclaved concrete, Lightweight concrete, Eco-friendly, Construction and Demolition waste, Fly ash

scholarly journals Recent Development of Nickel-Rich and Cobalt-Free Cathode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Lukman Noerochim ◽  
Suwarno Suwarno ◽  
Nurul Hayati Idris ◽  
Hermawan K. Dipojono
Keyword(s):  
Lithium Ion Batteries ◽  
Cathode Materials ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
High Price ◽  
High Nickel ◽  
New Type ◽  
Commercial Applications

The exponential growth in the production of electric vehicles requires an increasing supply of low-cost, high-performance lithium-ion batteries. The increased production of lithium-ion batteries raises concerns over the availability of raw materials, especially cobalt for batteries with nickel-rich cathodes, in which these constraints can impact the high price of cobalt. The reliance on cobalt in these cathodes is worrisome because it is a high-cost, rare material, with an unstable supply chain. This review describes the need and feasibility of developing cobalt-free high-nickel cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. The new type of cathode material, LiNi1−x−yMnxAlyO2 promises a completely cobalt-free composition with almost the same electrochemical performance as that of the conventional high-nickel cathode. Therefore, this new type of cathode needs further research for its commercial applications.

scholarly journals Technology of soft cheese from a mixture of milk of farm animals

2021 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
B. S. Tuganova ◽  
K. S. Isaeva ◽  
G. T. Kazhibaeva
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Mechanical Parameters ◽  
Functional Additive ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
New Type ◽  
Selection Of

The article presents data on the results of theoretical and experimental studies on the selection of raw materials and components of the formulation of a new type of functional soft cheese based on a mixture of milk of farm animals (goat, sheep). The results of the study of organoleptic, physico-chemical and structural-mechanical parameters of cheese dough and cheese dough with different concentrations of biologically active functional additive "Vetoron"are described. The updated technological process of production of a new type of soft cheese from a mixture of goat's and sheep's milk for functional nutrition is also presented.

scholarly journals THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALS BASED ON FLAX STRAW

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Petro Novosad ◽  
◽  
Oksana Pozniak ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Insulation Materials ◽  
Flax Straw

The development of plant-based materials will help to solve the problems associated with the use of agricultural waste, and at the same time to get inexpensive and effective insulation materials based on environmentally friendly local raw materials. The advantages of such materials are availability, fast recovery, low cost, environmental friendliness and low thermal conductivity. In the work with the use of flax straw at a consumption of Portland cement of 150 kg per 1 m3 of concrete, thermal insulation lightweight concrete with an average density of 350 kg/m3 and a strength of 0.53 MPa was obtained. The article presents the results of research of temperature changes on the surface of external enclosing structures using the developed thermal insulation concrete based on flax straw in combination with a solar energy absorber. It is established that such a structure of an external wall provides thermal inertia of a protection within 7-7.5 hours.

A possibility of using nickel concentrate, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-containing raw materials, at steel alloying

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kichigina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Nickel Concentrate ◽  
Steel Alloying ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Comprehensive Processing

At production of stainless steel expensive alloying elements, containing nickel, are used. To decrease the steel cost, substitution of nickel during steel alloying process by its oxides is an actual task. Results of analysis of thermodynamic and experimental studies of nickel reducing from its oxide presented, as well as methods of nickel oxide obtaining at manganese bearing complex raw materials enrichment and practice of its application during steel alloying. Technology of comprehensive processing of complex manganese-containing raw materials considered, including leaching and selective extraction out of the solution valuable components: manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt and copper. Based on theoretical and experiment studies, a possibility of substitution of metal nickel by concentrates, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment, was confirmed. Optimal technological parameters, ensuring high degree of nickel recovery out of the initial raw materials were determined. It was established, that for direct steel alloying it is reasonable to add into the charge pellets, consisting of nickel concentrate and coke fines, that enables to reach the through nickel recovery at a level of 90%. The proposed method of alloying steel by nickel gives a possibility to decrease considerably steel cost at the expense of application of nickel concentrate, obtained out of tails of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-bearing raw materials, which is much cheaper comparing with the metal nickel.

MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF OPTIMIZED RECEPTURAL OF LOW-LACTOSE SYNBIOTIC YOGHOURT ICE CREAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
А. Trubnikova ◽  
О. Chabanova ◽  
S. Bondar ◽  
Т. Sharakhmatova ◽  
Т. Nedobijchuk
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Factor ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ice Cream ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Protein Concentrate ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Free Protein ◽  
Mass Fractions ◽  
New Type ◽  
Main Components

Optimization of the formulation of synbiotic yogurt ice cream low-lactose using lactose-free protein concentrate of buttermilk and yogurt with low lactose content is the goal of expanding the range of low-lactose dairy products and improving the functional and health properties of ice cream. Low-lactose ice cream formulation optimization was performed using a gradient numerical method, namely conjugated gradients (Conjugate Gradient). The optimization algorithm is implemented in Mathcad. An array of data with a set of indicators for the choice of a rational ratio of lactose-free protein concentrate of buttermilk and yogurt base and inulin content for ice cream mixtures is presented. The influence of the ratio of the main components of the mixtures on the foaming ability, which determines the quality of the finished product, has been studied. An important indicator is taken into account - the concentration factor of buttermilk, which is additionally purified from lactose by diafiltration. The graphic material presented in the work clearly demonstrates that the rational ratio of yogurt base and lactose-free protein concentrate of buttermilk, obtained by ultrafiltration with diafiltration purification at a concentration factor of FC = 5 is 40.6: 59.4. The content of additional components included in the recipe of a new type of ice cream is optimized in the work, the mass fractions of which were: inulin - 3.69 %; lactulose – 1 %; ginger - 0.3 %; citric acid - 0.15 %; stabilization system - 0.2 %. The chemical composition and quality indicators of the mixture for ice cream low-lactose synbiotic yogurt, consisting of raw materials in the optimal ratio, were determined. The lactose content in the test sample of the ice cream mixture was 0.99%, the antioxidant activity was 3.1 times higher than in the mixture for traditional yogurt ice cream. The most likely number of lactic acid microorganisms, CFU / cm3 is (2.8 ± 0.9) · 108, the number of bifidobacteria, CFU / cm3 is (2.5 ± 0.2) · 109. The results of the research will be implemented in dairy companies in the production of ice cream.

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