Structure and Electrical Properties of an Assembly of Au Nanoclusters

2001 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Muralidharan ◽  
L. Maya ◽  
T. Thundat
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Voltage ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Monolayer Films ◽  
Au Nanoclusters ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Au Clusters ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Potential Applications

AbstractConduction through an assembly of nanosized clusters coupled by tunneling barriers is of significant interest both for understanding the fundamental physics involved and for potential applications. In this study, we describe a technique for preparing relatively large (dimensions of a few 100 µm to a few mm in size) monolayer films consisting of 3 nm diameter Au clusters coated with mercaptododecanoic acid, using low molecular weight-polymers as coupling agents. Electrical measurements of the assembly show non-linear characteristics. Below a certain threshold voltage, the current does not vary with an increase in voltage. Above this threshold voltage, current increases with voltage and can be described by a power-law relationship with an exponent close to unity. These characteristics of the I-V curve are discussed with specific reference to theoretical studies on conduction through an array of capacitance-coupled metallic islands and previous experimental results in similar systems.

scholarly journals Theoretical and experimental studies of an oseltamivir–triazole-based thermoresponsive organogel

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (36) ◽  
pp. 21031-21041 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Kumar ◽  
Lidong Wu ◽  
Neha Sharma ◽  
Ayushee Ayushee ◽  
Kumar Kaushik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Potential Applications

Low-molecular weight organic gelators have been of significant interest in recent years because of their interesting properties and potential applications in sensing technology, biomedicine and drug delivery.

Microcavities

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Kavokin ◽  
Jeremy J. Baumberg ◽  
Guillaume Malpuech ◽  
Fabrice P. Laussy
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Wells ◽  
Strong Light ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Postgraduate Students ◽  
Optical Cavities ◽  
Semiconductor Quantum Wells ◽  
Exciton Polaritons ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Experimental Findings

Both rich fundamental physics of microcavities and their intriguing potential applications are addressed in this book, oriented to undergraduate and postgraduate students as well as to physicists and engineers. We describe the essential steps of development of the physics of microcavities in their chronological order. We show how different types of structures combining optical and electronic confinement have come into play and were used to realize first weak and later strong light–matter coupling regimes. We discuss photonic crystals, microspheres, pillars and other types of artificial optical cavities with embedded semiconductor quantum wells, wires and dots. We present the most striking experimental findings of the recent two decades in the optics of semiconductor quantum structures. We address the fundamental physics and applications of superposition light-matter quasiparticles: exciton-polaritons and describe the most essential phenomena of modern Polaritonics: Physics of the Liquid Light. The book is intended as a working manual for advanced or graduate students and new researchers in the field.

scholarly journals Facile Synthesis of Sprayed CNTs Layer-Embedded Stretchable Sensors with Controllable Sensitivity

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hammad R. Khalid ◽  
Iqra Choudhry ◽  
Daeik Jang ◽  
Nadir Abbas ◽  
M. Salman Haider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Electronic Devices ◽  
Polymer Layer ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
Optical Images ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Facile Fabrication ◽  
Stretchable Sensors ◽  
Solution Volume

Flexible electronic devices have gained significant interest due to their different potential applications. Herein, we report highly flexible, stretchable, and sensitive sensors made of sprayed CNT layer, sandwiched between two polymer layers. A facile fabrication process was employed in which the CNT solution was directly sprayed onto a patterned bottom polymer layer, above which a second polymer layer was casted to get a sandwiched composite structure. Varying amounts of CNT solution (i.e., 10, 25, 40, 70, and 100 mL) were sprayed to get conductive CNT layers of different thicknesses/densities. The physical characteristics of the conductive CNT layers were studied through SEM and optical images. The starting electrical resistance values (without strain) as well as the changes in electrical resistance against human body motions were monitored. The synthesized samples exhibited good response against finger and wrist bending. The conductivity of the samples increased with increase of CNT solution volume while the sensitivity followed the inverse relation, suggesting that the sensors with controlled sensitivity could be fabricated for targeted strain ranges using the proposed method.

scholarly journals Field-induced double spin spiral in a frustrated chiral magnet

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh Ramakrishnan ◽  
Evan Constable ◽  
Andres Cano ◽  
Maxim Mostovoy ◽  
Jonathan S. White ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Topological Defects ◽  
Electric Polarization ◽  
Fundamental Physics ◽  
Magnetic Systems ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Double Spin ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Magnetic Skyrmions ◽  
Topological Correlations ◽  
Spin Spiral

AbstractMagnetic ground states with peculiar spin textures, such as magnetic skyrmions and multifunctional domains are of enormous interest for the fundamental physics governing their origin as well as potential applications in emerging technologies. Of particular interest are multiferroics, where sophisticated interactions between electric and magnetic phenomena can be used to tailor several functionalities. We report the direct observation of a magnetic field induced long-wavelength spin spiral modulation in the chiral compound Ba$${}_{3}$$3TaFe$${}_{3}$$3Si$${}_{2}$$2O$${}_{14}$$14, which emerges out of a helical ground state, and is hallmarked by the onset of a unique chirality-dependent contribution to the bulk electric polarization. The periodicity of the field-induced modulation, several hundreds of nm depending on the field value, is comparable to the length scales of mesoscopic topological defects such as skyrmions, merons, and solitons. The phase transition and observed threshold behavior are consistent with a phenomenology based on the allowed Lifshitz invariants for the chiral symmetry of langasite, which intriguingly contain all the essential ingredients for the realization of topologically stable antiferromagnetic skyrmions. Our findings open up new directions to explore topological correlations of antiferromagnetic spintronic systems based on non-collinear magnetic systems with additional ferroic functionalities.

Microstructure of precipitated Au Nanoclusters in Single Crystal MgO

2002 ◽  
Vol 738 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Wang ◽  
S. Thevuthasan ◽  
V. Shutthanandan ◽  
A. Cavanagh ◽  
J. Walton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Critical Size ◽  
Gold Nanoclusters ◽  
Interface Structure ◽  
Feature Size ◽  
Au Nanoclusters ◽  
Au Clusters ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACTGold nanoclusters dispersed in single crystal MgO were prepared by ion implantation and subsequent annealing at 1000 °C. The morphological feature, size, crystallographic orientation of the Au nanoclusters with respect to the MgO matrix, and the interface structure between the Au nanoclusters and MgO were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. During annealing, the Au clusters nucleate coherently in the MgO lattice, leading to an epitaxial orientation relationship of [010] MgO// [010]Au and (200)MgO//(200)Au that is maintained for all the Au clusters. A critical size for the coherent-semicoherent interface transition is observed to be in the range from ∼5 to 8 nm for Au clusters in MgO. Au clusters larger than this critical size exhibit faceting on the {001} planes. The precipitated Au also exhibits internal dislocations.

Ion-beam synthesis of epitaxial Au nanocrystals in MgO

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 1311-1314 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Thevuthasan ◽  
V. Shutthanandan ◽  
C.M. Wang ◽  
W.J. Weber ◽  
W. Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Subsequent Annealing ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Epitaxial Relationship ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Au Nanoclusters ◽  
Au Clusters

The formation of Au nanoclusters in MgO using ion implantation and subsequent annealing was investigated. Approximately 1200 and 1400 Au2+ ions/nm2 were implanted in MgO(100) substrates at 300 and 975 K, respectively. Subsequent annealing in air for 10 h at 1275 K promoted the formation of Au nanostructures in MgO. The sample implanted at 300 K showed severe radiation damage. In addition, two-dimensional plateletlike structures with possible composition of Au and MgO were formed during implantation in the sample that was implanted at 300 K. In contrast, Au implantation at 975 K promoted the nucleation of Au nanostructures during implantation. Subsequent annealing of both samples show three-dimensional clusters in MgO. However, the 975 K implanted sample shows clean, high-quality, single-crystal Au clusters that have an epitaxial relationship to MgO(100).

scholarly journals The Application of Ju'alah in Islamic Finance: The Malaysian Perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Ismail Mohamed ◽  
Mohd Rafede Mohd ◽  
Aishath Muneeza
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Islamic Finance ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Finance Industry ◽  
Potential Applications

Ju’alah is one of the least researched types of Shariah contracts used in Islamic finance. The objective of this paper is to explore the current and potential applications of Ju’alah with specific reference to Malaysian Islamic banking, takaful and the Islamic capital market. This paper establishes that there is potential for using Ju’alah in Islamic finance as a primary and/or secondary contract. It also establishes that Ju’alah can be used in takaful, though it is not being currently used for this in Islamic banking and the Islamic capital market in Malaysia. It is anticipated that the findings of this paper will improve understanding of the practice of Ju’alah in the Malaysian Islamic finance industry.

Fabrication of an all-polysaccharide composite film from hemicellulose and methylcellulose

BioResources ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 6716-6726
Author(s):  
Gui-Chun Hu ◽  
Shiyu Fu ◽  
Fuqiang Chu ◽  
Guangyuan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Composite Film ◽  
Surface Charge ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Packaging Film ◽  
Compact Layer ◽  
Significant Interest ◽  
Potential Applications

There is significant interest in preparing packaging film from sustainable polysaccharides, especially hemicellulose (HC). Hemicellulose isolated from wheat straw tends to aggregate into dissolved particles in aqueous solutions and to form poor films. When methylcellulose (MC) was added into the HC solution, HC and MC formed a HC-MC complex. With increased MC content, the size of the HC-MC complex decreased, and its surface charge increased at the same time. When 35 wt% MC was added into the HC, a continuous HC-MC film formed in the layer structure. The HC-MC film with 75 wt% MC showed a more compact layer structure compared with other films. The tensile strengths of the HC-MC film increased with the MC addition. When MC was added to 75 wt%, the tensile strengths of the HC-MC film reached their maximum values, which were higher than that of MC film. This high film strength suggested these HC-MC composite films have potential applications in packaging material.

Fabrication and Characterization of 3.3-kV SiC DMOSFET with Self-Aligned Channels Formed by Tilted Ion Implantation

2019 ◽  
Vol 963 ◽  
pp. 390-393
Author(s):  
Takahiro Morikawa ◽  
Shintaroh Sato ◽  
Akio Shima
Keyword(s):  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Threshold Voltage ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Channel Formation ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Blocking Voltage ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization ◽  
State Resistance

SiC DMOSFET with self-aligned channels was fabricated and characterized. The process features self-aligned channel formation by utilizing tilted ion implantation. We confirmed that channel areas were successfully formed along both sides of the stripe cell. Electrical measurements revealed that the characteristics of the fabricated DMOSFET chips had sufficiently high blocking voltage and moderate values of threshold voltage and on-state resistance. These experimental results show the proposed process can be an easy option for fabrication of SiC DMOSFET.

scholarly journals Non-Extractable Polyphenols from Food By-Products: Current Knowledge on Recovery, Characterisation, and Potential Applications

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 925
Author(s):  
Yubin Ding ◽  
Ksenia Morozova ◽  
Matteo Scampicchio ◽  
Giovanna Ferrentino
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Potential Food ◽  
By Products

Non-extractable polyphenols (NEPs), or bound polyphenols, are a significant fraction of polyphenols that are retained in the extraction residues after conventional aqueous organic solvent extraction. They include both high molecular weight polymeric polyphenols and low molecular weight phenolics attached to macromolecules. Current knowledge proved that these bioactive compounds possess high antioxidant, antidiabetic, and other biological activities. Plant-based food by-products, such as peels, pomace, and seeds, possess high amount of NEPs. The recovery of these valuable compounds is considered an effective way to recycle food by-products and mitigate pollution, bad manufacturing practice, and economic loss caused by the residues management. The current challenge to valorise NEPs from plant-based by-products is to increase the extraction efficiency with proper techniques, choose appropriate characterising methods, and explore potential functions to use in some products. Based on this scenario, the present review aims to summarise the extraction procedure and technologies applied to recover NEPs from plant-based by-products. Furthermore, it also describes the main techniques used for the characterisation of NEPs and outlines their potential food, pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and cosmetic applications.

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