scholarly journals Bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis in women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
K.A. Gasparyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Local Treatment ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Active Growth ◽  
Overweight Women

In a review article of literary sources, domestic, foreign authors and their own research, modern views are highlighted, often problems and debatable, the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) among women with overweight and obesity, women of reproductive age. Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) It ranks second among all vaginal infections and is one of the most common mental reasons for women to visit a gynecologist. Obesity and overweight play an important negative role in gynecological and obstetric practice. There has been a significant increase in C. albicans non-albicans in overweight women of reproductive age, and has a negative effect on the reproductive health of women. The article presents the results of a comparative study on the clinical and laboratory effectiveness of local therapy for bacterial vaginosis and IHC in overweight women. Against the background of metabolic disorders, there is an increase in the frequency of infectious pathology of the urogenital tract. Numerous literature data indicate that fungi of the city of Candida are part of various microbial associations and an important factor in their active growth is the deficiency of lactobacilli that produce H2O2. Data on bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis, development and role of metabolic disorders in the pathogenesis of BV and VVC are presented. Increasing the effectiveness of local treatment of disorders of the vaginal biocenosis in women with overweight and obesity by using individualized dietary nutrition, means of correcting the intestinal biocenosis and metabolic therapy, an integrated approach to the therapy of women of reproductive age showed more effective results. It has been found that overweight and obesity negatively affect the reproductive system of women. Irregular menstrual cycles, secondary amenorrhea, infertility, endometrial hyperplastic processes are often associated with overweight and obesity. In many cases, BV is combined with intestinal dysbiosis. In this case, vaginosis can be considered as a manifestation of a systemic dysbiotic process, affects not only the microbiota of the genitourinary system, but also the endogenous microflora in various cavities of the macroorganism, provided that it is influenced by any exogenous and endogenous factors. No conflict of interest was declared by the author. Key words: bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis, overweight, obesity.

scholarly journals Mid-upper arm circumference for identifying adult overweight in large-scale population-based surveys: empirical evaluation using data of the EAT Addis study, Ethiopia

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. e049602
Author(s):  
Tigest Shifraw ◽  
Katarina Selling ◽  
Alemayehu Worku ◽  
Hanna Yemane Berhane ◽  
Eva-Charlotte Ekström ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Overweight Women ◽  
Arm Circumference ◽  
Scale Population ◽  
Mid Upper Arm Circumference

ObjectivesThe present study evaluates body circumferences as a nutrition screening tool for women of reproductive age with children less than 5 years of age to improve the detection of overweight and obesity in a community setting.DesignThis study draws data from a community-based cross-sectional study conducted between July–August 2017 and January–February 2018 to account for seasonality in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.SettingOne hundred and sixteen districts were included in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.ParticipantsA total of 4914 women of reproductive age with children less than 5 years of age were participated in this study.Primary and secondary outcome measuresPrimary outcome measures included anthropometric indices. There were no secondary outcomes.ResultsThe optimal cut-off points to identify overweight women of reproductive age were >87.5 cm for waist circumference (WC), >31.7 cm for neck circumference (NC) and >28.0 cm for mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) based on the highest corresponding Youden index. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.91 to 0.93) for WC, 0.83 (95% CI: 0.82 to 0.84) for NC and 0.91 (95% CI: 0.89 to 0.92) for MUAC.ConclusionsOur result shows that WC and MUAC are alternative tools to body mass index. Both WC and MUAC are effective in identifying overweight women. We recommend using MUAC in large-scale population-based assessments to identify overweight and obesity in low-income settings as it is logistically simpler and operationally feasible.

scholarly journals Features of vaginal microbiocenosis in women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
K.A. Gasparyan ◽  
V.K. Kondratyuk ◽  
I.G. Ponomareva ◽  
K.O. Kondratyuk ◽  
N.P. Dzis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Vaginal Microflora ◽  
Facultative Anaerobic ◽  
Anaerobic Microflora

Overweight and obesity play a negative role in gynecological and obstetric practicE.In women, the frequency of infectious pathology increases against the background of metabolic disorderS.The most common form of infectious vaginitis is bacterial urogenital candidiasis, in the etiological structure of which a significant role belongs to the fungi Candida albicans, as well as Candida non-albicans: C.glabrata, C.tropicalis, C.parapsilosis, C.krusei. Associations of Candida fungi with various representatives of opportunistic microflora, such as gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic, facultative-anaerobic and obligate-anaerobic microorganisms, are often formed. As a result, numerous bacterial pathogens multiply and the number of lactobacilli, which are usually part of the bacterial flora of the vagina, is significantly reduced. In bacterial vaginosis (BV), the concentration of anaerobic pathogens Peptostreptococcus sp, Gardnerella vaginalis, Peptostreptococcus Mobiluncus sp, Mycoplasma hominis can increase 100 timeS.Activation of Atopobium vaginae and Gardnerella vaginalis, which play a “key” role in the pathogenesis of BV, has been proven. The aim of the study was to study changes in the vaginal microbiome in women with candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis in order to improve existing treatment regimenS.We examined 120 women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity. The degree of microbial contamination was determined and the maximum possible spectrum of aerobic and facultative-anaerobic microflora was detected. In women with vulvovaginal candidiasis, overweight and obesity, a high concentration (lg5.8 CFU/ml) of Candida fungi was found, and in 95% of patients two-, three- and four-component associations of Candida fungi with various representatives of conditional pathogenic microflora. Lactobacillus deficiency was found in 58.3% of patients, and their complete absence – in 10.0%. Bacteriological examination of the vaginal contents of women with vaginosis and obesity revealed significant dysbiotic disorders of the vaginal microflora, three-, four- and even five-component associations of anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microflora with a predominance of anaerobeS.A low seeding level of lactobacilli (lg2.2 CFU/ml) was established. Thus, the gram-positive anaerobic and facultative anaerobic microflora of Firmicutes have a significant share in the spectrum of vaginal microflora in overweight and obese patients, in contrast to non-obese women of reproductive agE.In women of reproductive age with vulvovaginal candidiasis and obesity, in contrast to non-obese patients, a higher frequency of fungal-bacterial associations, a higher quantitative level of vaginal contamination by Candida albicans and non-albicans with a lack or general absence of lactoflora.

Integrated approach to therapy and prevention of recurrences bacterial vaginosis in women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
V.K. Kondratiuk ◽  
◽  
K.A. Hasparian ◽  
K.O. Kondratiuk ◽  
N.P. Dzіs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Obesity Therapy ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Prevention Of Relapse

The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of an integrated approach to therapy and prevention of relapse of bacterial vaginosis in women of reproductive age with overweight and obesity. We examined 60 women of reproductive age (19–39 years) with overweight and obesity (BMI+30±4.2) and a verified diagnosis of recurrent bacterial vaginosis (real-time PCR, diagnostic system Femoflor–16). The effectiveness of treatment of bacterial vaginosis in overweight and obese women was 94.0% due to the rapid elimination of the pathogen by a single dose of 2 g of the drug group 5-nitroimidazoles Secnidox and macrolide 16-membered antibiotic with bactericidal mechanism Doramycin (World Medicine, United Kingdom). Combination prolonged therapy with the multi-strain probiotic Brevelac and the natural drug Reitoil increased the remission period of bacterial vaginosis to 6 months in 91.0% of this group of patients. Keywords: bacterial vaginosis, overweight, obesity, therapy, remission.

scholarly journals VULVOVAGINAL CANDIDIASIS IN COMBINATION WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS IN WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE: FEATURES OF PATHOGENESIS AND TREATMENT

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Svitlana Pandei ◽  
Dmytro Ledin ◽  
Oleksandra Lubkovska
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Combination Drug ◽  
Group I ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Topical Metronidazole

The aim. Reducing the recurrence of vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) in combination with bacterial vaginosis (BV) in women of reproductive age by studying the pathogenesis and improving the algorithm of treatment and prevention measures. Materials and methods. During the study, 150 women of reproductive age who had the same clinical manifestations of VVC and BV were selected and divided into 3 groups of 50 women: Group I was treated with an antimicrobial combination drug (miconazole with topical metronidazole), group II – the same drug in combination with probiotic (lactobacilli) in candles, group III – according to the algorithm improved by the authors. In addition, a control group was formed, which included healthy women of reproductive age.  To establish the pathogenesis of VVC in combination with BV in the studied women, the concentration of cytokines and adhesion molecules in the blood before and after treatment was determined and compared with the control group. The clinical effect of different treatments was assessed at 3, 7, 10, 14 days, and the presence of relapses – 1, 3, 6 months after treatment. Results. The occurrence of a combination of VVC and BV in women of reproductive age is accompanied by a significant increase in the level of intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAM-1) and vascular cell adhesion molecules (VCAM-1) along with a statistically significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6) (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8)) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) - TNF-α. As a result of the application of the algorithm improved by the authors, higher clinical efficiency and the ability to avoid recurrence of VVC in combination with BV in women of reproductive age were obtained. Conclusions. The authors' substantiated improvement of the algorithm of VVC treatment in combination with BV in women of reproductive age makes it possible to reduce the frequency of their recurrence and restore the biocenosis of the vagina to normal. In the case of this pathology there is an increase in the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8), TNF-α and ICAM-1 and VCAM-1.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE AND CORRELATES OF BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AMONG YOUNG WOMEN OF REPRODUCTIVE AGE IN MYSORE, INDIA

2008 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
P Madhivanan ◽  
K Krupp ◽  
V Chandrasekaran ◽  
C Karat ◽  
A Arun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age

scholarly journals Association of frequency of television watching with overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in India: Evidence from a nationally representative study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. e0221758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajat Das Gupta ◽  
Shams Shabab Haider ◽  
Ipsita Sutradhar ◽  
Mohammad Rashidul Hashan ◽  
Ibrahim Hossain Sajal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Television Watching ◽  
Representative Study ◽  
Nationally Representative

scholarly journals Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) : A review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidya Trisna Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Host Factors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Laboratory Examination ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes ◽  
Antibiotics Use

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis (VVC) is the second most common cause of vaginitis after bacterial vaginosis. VVC often occurs in women of reproductive age (20-40 years). Risk factors for VVC can be divided into two, such as host factors (pregnancy, hormone replacement, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, immunosuppression, antibiotics, use of glucocorticoids, genetic influences) and behavioral factors (oral   contraceptives, cotraceptives and also some sexual habits, hygiene, and clothes that are used). To diagnose VVC in a person, evaluation from anamnesis and clinical manifestation can be conducted. It can also be confirmed by laboratory examination. The management based on the classification. Uncomplicated VVC is most effectively treated with topical azoles, but a single dose of fluconazole can also be given orally. Treatment of VVC with complications can be given fluconazole 150 mg for 3 days or topical azole for 7 days. However, when the VVC case that caused by Candida non-albicans not responding to conventional treatment such as antimycotics, the   amphotericin B can be given to cure the disease. VVC caused by Candida glabrata can be given topical boric acid or flucytosine. This article consists of several theoretical references that has been viewed to have a better understanding regarding candidiasis vulvovaginitis. 

Bacterial Vaginosis and its Relation with Sociodemographic Determinants in married reproductive age females

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1249-1252
Author(s):  
R. Mukhtar ◽  
A. U.- Rehman ◽  
A. Ilyas ◽  
M. J. Khan ◽  
R. Liaqat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Sociodemographic Determinants ◽  
Reproductive Age Group ◽  
Nonspecific Inflammation

Aim: To determine the frequency of Bacterial vaginosis by pap smear cytology and find its association with its sociodemographic determinants. Study design: Cross sectional analytical study Place and duration of study: Department of Histopathology, Shaikh Zayed Hospital, Lahore from 1st January 2016 to 31st October 2016. Methodology: Two hundred and sixty pap smears of married women of reproductive age group with vaginal discharge who attended Gynecology OPD were included. Proper history regarding age, socioeconomic status, age of marriage, literacy level, smoking, and nutritional status was taken. Results: Disease prevalence was found to be 19.2%(50)in this sample of 260 while 9.1% had Candidiasis, 47%, 17.2% ,3.7%, 4.1% had Mild nonspecific inflammation, Moderate nonspecific inflammation, Moderate to severe nonspecific inflammation, and negative smears respectively. Bacterial vaginosis was associated with age, monthly income, illiteracy, early age at marriage, history of abortion and nutritional status with significant p-value ≤ 0.05. However no association was found between the disease and marital status, smoking and pallor. Conclusion: Low socioeconomic status, literacy, age >35, nutritional status is strongly related to occurrence of bacterial vaginosis in women of reproductive age group with vaginal discharge. Key Words: Bacterial vaginosis, Pap smear, Sociodemographic determinants

scholarly journals Trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age in Bangladesh: a pooled analysis of five national cross-sectional surveys

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e018468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdul Baker Chowdhury ◽  
Md Mohiuddin Adnan ◽  
Md Zakiul Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Wealth Index ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectiveTo determine the trends, prevalence and risk factors of overweight and obesity among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age from 1999 to 2014.DesignWe analysed nationally representative data from the 1999, 2004, 2007, 2011 and 2014 cross-sectional Bangladesh Demographic and Health Surveys.SettingBangladesh.ParticipantsWomen aged 15–49 years.Primary outcomeOverweight/obesity.ResultsA total of 58 192 women were included in the analysis. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among women of reproductive age increased significantly from 7.53% (95% CI 6.83 to 8.29) and 1.82% (95% CI 1.48 to 2.24) in 1999 to 28.37% (95% CI 27.49 to 29.28) and 10.77% (95% CI 10.22 to 11.35) in 2014, respectively. Age, education, wealth index, watching television and contraceptive use were associated with overweight and obesity in both urban and rural areas.ConclusionsOverweight and obesity prevalence increased significantly among Bangladeshi women of reproductive age between 1999 and 2014. Development of effective low-cost strategies to address the increasing burden of obesity should be a high priority.

scholarly journals Double Burden of Malnutrition among Chinese Women of Reproductive Age and Their Social Determinants

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 3102
Author(s):  
Jingqi Song ◽  
Ji Zhang ◽  
Wafaie Fawzi ◽  
Yangmu Huang
Keyword(s):  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Community Factors ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Double Burden Of Malnutrition ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed to examine the impact of a wide range of demographic, socioeconomic, and community factors on the double burden of malnutrition among women of reproductive age using longitudinal data. We used data about 11,348 women of reproductive age who participated in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), a longitudinal survey, between 1989 and 2015. Nutritional outcomes were categorized into four groups, namely underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity, with normal weight as reference. A multinomial logit model was fitted due to geographic clustering and repeated observations of individuals. The prevalence of underweight decreased over time from 1991 but has tended to rise again since 2004, while the prevalence of overweight/obesity continued to rise between 1991 and 2015. Improved individual factors, socioeconomic status, and community urbanization reduced the risk of underweight but elevated the risk of overweight and obesity. The medium levels, rather than the highest levels, of household income and community urbanization are associated with a higher risk of overweight and obesity. The notable increase in underweight prevalence is a cause for concern to be addressed along with efforts to curb the rising tide of overweight. In order to enhance the nutritional status of women of reproductive age, it is essential to improving the community environment, levels of education, and living environment from a wider context. Long-term and targeted plans are urgently needed for nutrition improvements among the different populations.

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