scholarly journals Microplastics in Pelagic and Demersal Fishes of Pantai Baron, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-49
Author(s):  
Nurul Suwartiningsih ◽  
Indri Setyowati ◽  
Resa Astuti
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Type Data

Yogyakarta is the second-largest producer of plastic waste in Indonesia. Plastic waste in the waters can be degraded into microplastics that can enter the body of a fish. This study aimed to determine the presence of microplastics in the digestive tract of several species of fish in Pantai Baron, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This research was an exploratory research conducted in April-September 2019 at Pantai Baron, Yogyakarta. Two species of each pelagic and demersal fish samples were taken by buying fish caught by fishermen. The digestive tract of fish was extracted with 10% KOH, filtered, then visual identification. Microplastic types were estimated by FT-IR spectrometry. The amount of microplastic of all fishes was done by Kruskal-Wallis test while the number of microplastics of the two categories of fish was compared with the Mann-Whitney test. A correlation analysis was carried out between the length of the fish, the weight of the digestive tract, and the number of microplastics found. Microplastic shape, color, size, and type data were analyzed descriptively. A total of 78 of the 80 (97.50%) fish from four species studied contained microplastics with a total number as many as 3,651 (mean 45.60 ± 44.31 microplastic/individual). About 100% of pelagic fish samples contained microplastics, while only 95% of demersal fish samples contained microplastics. Mann-Whitney test results showed the number of microplastic/ individual was significantly different between pelagic and demersal fish (p <0.05). The most dominant shape of microplastic was fiber (53.14%), film (36.97%) and fragments (9.89%). The type of polymers detected was polyamide. The results showed that pelagic fish swallowed more microplastics than demersal fish did because of the microplastic nature that is lightweight and floats. Microplastic characteristic data can be used to estimate the main source of microplastic pollution in Pantai Baron so it can be managed appropriately.

scholarly journals Comparison of Motor Skills and Postures of Elite Male Teenage Volleyball and Basketball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 226-239
Author(s):  
Ali Fatahi ◽  
◽  
Behshad Panjehzadeh ◽  
Zahrah Koreli ◽  
Haniyeh Zehtab Asghari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motor Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Volleyball Players

Objective: To achieve the excellent levels of athletic performance, professional athletes need to do continuous exercises and strengthen special muscles of the body and have to spend a lot of time training in that sport. As a result, depending on the prevailing condition of each sport, the physical orientation and the degree of abnormalities of the athletes in that sport are affected. Methods: The current study is descriptive and cross-sectional. The statistical population was 12-14 years old boys in middle and high school. The statistical sample of this study included 30 people (13 volleyball players and 17 basketball players) with a targeted training rate of at least three sessions per week. The Chippaux Smirak Index (CSI) method was used to evaluate the arch of the foot and to determine the angles and degrees of kyphosis and lordosis in radiographs. Independent t-test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the variables of motor skills and posture by SPSS V. 18 at a significant level of 0.05. Results: The results of independent t-test to compare the variables of motor skills in the two groups of volleyball and basketball show that there is a significant difference between the two groups in the Sargent test and 4mX9m (P=0.000) (P≥0.05). The results were different in strength test (P=0.41) and Sit-up (P=0.75) so that there was no significant difference between the two groups (P≥0.05). The results of Mann-Whitney test to compare posture-related variables showed that there was no significant difference between the two groups in any of the parameters of varus, valgus, pronation, supination, lordosis, kyphosis, foot flat (P≥0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that volleyball players have more impressive and explosive power than basketball players, but in terms of muscle strength and endurance, there is not much difference between these two groups, which is probably due to the nature and specific characteristics of their sports. Therefore, it seems necessary to pay more attention to athletes’ training programs to improve their motor skills and physical condition. In this study, the behavior and common habits of the subjects in interaction with the environment and hereditary characteristics have not been studied, so more research is needed in the etiology of musculoskeletal abnormalities.

scholarly journals Metode Stimulasi dan Metode Modeling terhadap Cara Menggosok Gigi yang Benar pada Anak Prasekolah

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 139
Author(s):  
Anis Rosatil Jannah ◽  
Husnul Khotimah ◽  
Sri Astutik Andayani ◽  
Kholisotin Kholisotin ◽  
Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
The Body ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Design ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Post Test

Penyakit gigi dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan tubuh, jika dibiarkan akan berdampak pada penyakit yang lebih berbahaya, seperti: serangan jantung, stroke, diabetes, infeksi pernafasan, gastrointestinal dll. Salah satu upaya meningkatkan keterampilan cara menggosok gigi pada anak adalah melalui cara atau metode stimulasi dan modeling. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan tentang kebersihan gigi dan mulut melalui metode stimulasi dan modeling terhadap cara menggosok gigi yang benar pada anak prasekolah di TK Bina Ana Prasa. Desain Penelitian ini yaitu Quasi Eksperimen dengan pendekatan two group pre-post test design dengan jumlah sampel yaitu 80 orang, untuk metode stimulasi sebanyak 40 responden dan untuk metode modeling sebanyak 40 responden dengan menggunakan Purposive Sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan lembar observasi. Analisa data menggunakan uji statistik Uji Wilcoxon dan Mann-Whitney. Uji Wilcoxon pada kelompok stimulasi didapatkan nilai r = 0,000. Sedangkan pada kelompok modeling didapatkan nilai nilai r = 0,000. Dan untuk membandingkan kelompok stimulasi dan modeling menggunakan Uji Mann-Whitney dengan hasil r = 0,000, Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa dengan metode stimulasi dan modeling dapat meningkatkan perilaku dan keterampilan anak untuk menggosok gigi yang benar. Dan dari hasil observasi stimulasi dan modeling itu lebih efektif yang modeling. Kata kunci: modeling, enggosok gigi, stimulasi METHOD OF STIMULATION AND MODELING METHOD OF HOW TO SCROLT THE CORRECT DENTAL IN PRESCHOOL CHILDREN ABSTRACTDental diseases can affect the health of the body, if left unchecked it will have an impact on more dangerous diseases, such as: heart attack, stroke, diabetes, respiratory infections, gastrointestinal etc. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of dental and oral hygine counselling throungh stimulation and modelling methods toward how to brush teeth properly in preschool children at TK Bina Ana Prasa. The design of this research is quasi eksperiment with a two group pre-post test design approach with sample size of 80 people, for stimulation methods for about 40 respondents and for the modelling method as many as 40 respondents using purposive sampling. Data collection techniques use observation sheets. using wilcoxon and mann-whitney test statistics. The data analysis used was wilcoxon test in the stimulation group obtained p value = 0,000. while in the modelling group the value p = 0,000. And to compare stimulation and modelling group using the mann-whitney test with the result of p = 0,000, So it can be concluded that stimulation and modeling methods can improve children's behavior and skills to brush their teeth properly. And from the results of observation of stimulation and modeling it is more effective modeling. Keywords: modeling, brush teeth, stimulation

scholarly journals Short Communication: The species and body size composition of pelagic fishes that caught by troll line in the fish landing of Sendang Biru, East Java, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
DEWI HIDAYATI ◽  
BUGGIE OCLANDHI ◽  
NOVA MAULIDINIA ◽  
NOOR NAILIS SA’ADAH ◽  
AWIK PUJI DYAH NURHAYATI
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Yellowfin Tuna ◽  
The Body ◽  
Skipjack Tuna ◽  
Pelagic Fishes ◽  
Fish Samples

Abstract. Hidayati D, Oclandhi B, Maulidinia N, Sa’adah NN, Nurhayati APD. 2019. Short Communication: The species and body size composition of pelagic fishes that caught by troll line in the fish landing of Sendang Biru, East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1764-1769. Troll line is the most used pelagic fishing gear for fishermen in Sendang Biru, the part of Indian ocean at East Java, which have an impact on the catch composition. The study was aimed to obtain data on species composition and size of pelagic fish caught in troll line in Sendang Biru, East Java, Indonesia. Fish samples were collected from nine different vessels landed in Sendang Biru for three days in April 2018. The composition of fish species was measured based on relative abundance. The fish size composition was obtained by measuring fork length which is also used to determine the stage of development of juvenile (Jv) or adult (Ad) fish. The results of the research showed there were four pelagic fish species which dominated by Katsuwonus pelamis or skipjack tuna (50.05%) and Thunnus albacares or yellowfin tuna (47.95%) and a small amount of Coryphaena hippurus and Makaira mazara. According to the body size, the fish caught by troll line in Sendang Biru is dominated by adult skipjack tuna (41-60 cm) and juvenile yellowfin tuna (21-78 cm).

scholarly journals Efektivitas Alat Tangkap Mini Purse Seine Menggunakan Sumber Cahaya Berbeda Terhadap Hasil Tangkap Ikan Kembung (Rastrelliger sp.) [Fishing Tool Effectivity of Mini Purse Seine by Using Different Light Source for Catching Fish of Puffer Fish (Rastrelliger sp.) ]

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Ifa Nur Rosyidah, Akhmad Farid, Wahyu Andy Nugraha
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Purse Seine ◽  
Positive Phototaxis ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Puffer Fish

AbstractIn fish catching activity, the fishermen in Banyuanyar district use mini tools for catching fish (purse seine) and use light assist tools for an operation in the night day. The light, that is used, is kerosene pressure lantern and mercury lights or lamp that is used on water surface (surface lamp). This kind of light is used to collect “pelagic” fish that has positive phototaxis characteristic. Puffer fish's response towards different sourse of light, that's kerosene pressure lantern and mercury light is needed to be known. Therefore, we can know the source of light that is more effective in order to collect the fish. It is hoped that the productivity of puffer fish will be developed for the fishermen. During the research with ten times repeating, the total account of puffer fish's haul that is resulted with two different treatment  by using kerosene pressure lantern and mercury light is that 810 kg and 1.460 kg. The data of puffer fish's haul that is gotten after using MannWhitney test shows that the kerosene pressure lantern and mercury light not to really different, especially in the haul of puffer fish in significant standart (0,05) is 2,262, while in Mann-Whitney test account is 0,171. That means the fishermans in Banyuanyar can use kerosene pressure lantern and mercury light for catching fish as the light assist tools for an operation in the night day. 

scholarly journals Kandungan Mikroplastik pada Saluran Pencernaan Ikan Lemuru Protolan (Sardinella Lemuru) Hasil Tangkapan di Selat Bali

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Cok Istri Yudhantari ◽  
I Gede Hendrawan ◽  
Ni Luh Putu Ria Puspitha
Keyword(s):  
Water Column ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Pelagic Fish ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Fishing Gear ◽  
Marine Science ◽  
Sample Analysis ◽  
Synthetic Materials

Bali Strait is a waters region with the greatest potential for catching pelagic fish, one of which is lemuru (Sardinella lemuru). The quality of lemuru fish is thought to decrease due to the presence of plastic waste entering from the watershed and empties into the Bali Strait. The plastic waste will floating in the water column, which causes the plastic to be torn apart or degraded by sunlight and form plastic particles called microplastic. The size of microplastic that similar to phytoplankton and zooplankton allow lemuru to accidentally ingest the microplastic. The purpose of this study was to analyze the type of microplastic and calculate microplastic abundance in the digestive tract of lemuru fish (Sardinella lemuru) caught in the Bali Strait. This research was conducted from May to July 2018. Sampling was done by collecting fish landed at the Kedonganan Fish Landing Port. Sample analysis was carried out at the Laboratory of Marine Science, Faculty of Marine Science and Fisheries, Udayana University. The most common type of microplastic contained in the digestive tract of lemuru fish is fiber, which comes from synthetic materials in clothing and also fishing gear such as fishing rods or nets. Microplastic abundance in the digestive tract of lemuru protolan in this study was 1 particle/fish.

Efektifitas Penggunaan Metode Pembelajaran Simulasi Dengan Latihan Terhadap Keterampilan Pengisian Partograf Pada Mahasiswa Semester II Di Prodi Kebidanan (D-III) Universitas Kadiri Tahun 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Dessy Lutfiasari ◽  
Mahmudah Mahmudah
Keyword(s):  
Current Method ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Training Simulation

The use of the current method of learning very big influence on the growth and development of students' creativity and interest for all subjects to be taught, especially in the use of partograf. From interviews to the 10 students of IV semester Prodi Midwifery (D-III) Kadiri University is known that 4 (40%) of students said it was understood, 4 (40%) of other students say they are confused and 2 (20%) of them said that he was a student not familiar with partograf. This shows the lack of understanding of students in filling partograph. The research objective is to determine the effectiveness of the use of learning methods for skills training simulation with filling partograph the second semester students in Midwifery (D-III) Kadiri University Faculty of Health Sciences in 2015. The research design used is pre experiment with design Static Group Comparison/Posttest Only Control Group Design. The population studied were all students of the second semester in Midwifery (D-III) Faculty of Health Sciences University of Kadiri numbered 50 students and sampling techniques Federer totaled 32 students. This is a research instrument partograph sheet. Results of the study were analyzed using the Mann Whitney test with a significance level of 0.05 were used.The results showed 7 respondents (46.7%) are adept at using partograf with simulation teaching methods and 6 respondents (40.0%) are adept at using partograph with practice learning methods. Data were analyzed by Mann Whitney test obtained ρ = 0.965; α = 0.05 means that H0 is accepted and H1 rejected. This means there is no difference in the effective use of learning methods for skills training simulation with partograph filling. Based on the results of this study are expected to choose the method of learning as a learning method in charging partograph because both methods equally effective.; Keywords: simulation methods, drilling methods, partograph filling

scholarly journals Pilot Study of Acupuncture’s Antispasmodic Effect on Upper Gastrointestinal Tract during Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Early Gastric Cancer: Controlled Clinical Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3050
Author(s):  
Masao Suzuki ◽  
Naoto Ishizaki ◽  
Takumi Kayo ◽  
Taiga Furuta ◽  
Ryo Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Controlled Clinical Trial ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Submucosal Dissection ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

A prospective study was conducted in patients with early-stage gastric cancer to determine the efficacy and safety of acupuncture stimulation as an antispasmodic compared with conventional medication during the procedure of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of the upper gastrointestinal tract. This study was a prospective single blinded quasi-randomized controlled trial. Seventy-three patients who were scheduled to undergo ESD for gastric cancer at Aizu Medical Center between 19 February 2016 and 30 June 2016 were assessed for eligibility for the study. Sixty out of 73 patients were included in the study and assigned into two intervention groups: medication group (MG) and acupuncture group (AG). Ease of the procedure was evaluated using modified NIWA classification (MNC) by endoscopist considering the frequency and amplitude of the upper gastrointestinal peristalsis. For the statistical analysis, Mann–Whitney test was used to compare the differences of MNC values (baseline and end of procedure) between two groups. The difference of MNC found in the AG (−2.00 (−3.0 to −2.0)) was significantly greater than that in the MG (−1.00 (−2.0 to −1.0), p < 0.0001, Mann–Whitney test). We consider that acupuncture to the abdomen could be an alternative antispasmodic method during upper gastrointestinal endoscopic procedure.

scholarly journals Validation method for body-mounted sensor attachments

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Schmidt ◽  
David Hochmann
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Tracking System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Body Segment ◽  
Validation Method ◽  
Sensor Position ◽  
Validation Parameters ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Soft Tissue Artifact

AbstractSmall sensor devices like inertial measurement units enable mobile movement and gait analysis, whereby existing systems differ in data acquisition, data processing, and gait parameter calculation. Concerning the validation, recent studies focus on the captured motion and the influence of sensor positioning with respect to the accuracy of the computed biomechanical parameters in comparison to a reference system. Although soft tissue artifact is a major source of error for skin-mounted sensors, there are no investigations regarding the relative movement between the body segment and sensor attachment itself. The aim of this study is to find an evaluation method and to determine parameters that allow the validation of various sensor attachment types and different sensor positionings. The analysis includes the comparison between an adhesive and strap attachment variant as well as the frontal and lateral sensor placement. To validate different attachments, an optical marker-based tracking system was used to measure the body segment and sensor position during movement. The distance between these two positions was calculated and analyzed to determine suitable validation parameters. Despite the exploratory research, the results suggest a feasible validation method to detect differences between the attachments, independent of the sensor type. To have representative and statistically validated results, further studies that involve more participants are necessary.

Some Experiments on the Extra-Corporeal Hatching of the Eggs of Ascaris suum

1939 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Fenwick
Keyword(s):  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Sodium Carbonate ◽  
Ascaris Suum ◽  
The Body ◽  
Very Old ◽  
The Past ◽  
Pancreatic Fluid ◽  
Sand Cultures ◽  
Made In

Numerous attempts have been made in the past to induce the eggs of Ascaris suum to hatch outside the body of the host. Extra-corporeal hatching has been observed under a variety of conditions by different workers. Kondo (1920, 1922), Asada (1921) and others record hatching in water, charcoal and sand cultures. Wharton (1915) states that hatching will occur in alkaline digestive juices, while Martin (1913) records a similar phenomenon in pancreatic fluid. Many different explanations have been offered to explain this hatching. Wharton suggested that the interaction of algae and sand might have some effect. Ohba (1923), who found that hatching would occur in 0·2% hydrochloric acid and 0·2% sodium carbonate believed that extra-corporeal hatching was limited to very old cultures of eggs. Many workers are of the opinion that some stimulus normally present in the digestive tract is necessary for hatching.

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