scholarly journals Determining the influence of membrane treatment process on the quality indicators of beer

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (11(112)) ◽  
pp. 66-72
Author(s):  
Оleksandr Omelchenko ◽  
Gregoriy Deynichenko ◽  
Vasyl Guzenko ◽  
Inna Zolotukhina ◽  
Dmytro Dmytrevskyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Comparative Characteristic ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Membrane Processing ◽  
Beer Production ◽  
Membrane Treatment

The issue related to the possibility of applying the filtration process of young beer with the use of experimental microfiltration polymer semi-permeable membrane elements was considered. It was shown that under modern conditions, it is expedient to use membrane processes of young beer filtration in the brewing industry. The process of membrane treatment of beer can be carried out at the stage of pasteurization of young beer in a cold way. Such actions can be directed to preserve the organoleptic parameters of the final product ‒ filtered beer. An experimental setup for the study of the main technological parameters of membrane processing of young beer was presented. The results of experimental studies of the influence of baric and temperature modes on the performance of nuclear microfiltration polymer membranes were shown. Rational parameters of pressure (0.03–0.05 MPa), duration (8–10 s-1), and temperature (3...6 °С) of the process of membrane filtration of young beer using nuclear microfiltration polymer membranes were determined. The qualitative characteristics of filtered beer obtained by membrane methods were explored. The comparative characteristic of the results of the studies of the qualitative component of resulting beer after microfiltration according to the known requirements and standards for organoleptic indicators was presented. It is found that in terms of filtration rate, selectivity, yeast residue, and other characteristics, nuclear microfiltration polymer membranes are promising for the implementation of the process of microfiltration of young beer. These studies proved the feasibility of further research into improving the process of membrane processing of beer and technical equipment of the beer production line with the development of new equipment.

scholarly journals THE STUDY OF THE METHOD OF FIGHT AGAINST FORMATION OF POLARIZING LAYER AT THE PROCESS OF ULTRAFILTRATION CONCENTRATION OF THE SKIM MILK

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Grygoriy Deynychenko ◽  
Vasyl Guzenko ◽  
Oleg Udovenko ◽  
Aleksandr Omelchenko ◽  
Olga Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Membrane Processing ◽  
Working Parameters ◽  
Selection Of

The description of experimental set and the method of processing of the results of the study of the method of fight against formation of polarizing layer in the process of ultrafiltration concentration of skim milk raw material were presented. The results of experimental studies relative to the sparging method application for the prevention of polarizing layer in the process of membrane processing of the skim milk and its influence on the capacity of ultrafiltration membranes were offered. The mathematical models were constructed on the base of regressive equations of factorial experiment using the method of the raw material sparging above the membrane surface for selection of technological parameters of the process of ultrafiltration concentration of the skim milk. The rational working parameters of the process of ultrafiltration concentration of the skim milk using the sparging of the skim milk by the gas bubbles in the direct closeness to the membrane surface were determined. Such working parameters are: pressure– 0,4...0,5 MPa, temperature of skim milk– 40...50 ºС, frequency of sparging of skim milk– 0,10...0,15 min-1, pressure of sparging must be 0,56...0,58 MPa.

scholarly journals Influence of Deposition Parameters of TiO2 + CuO Coating on the Membranes Surface Used in the Filtration Process of Dairy Wastewater on Their Functional Properties

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Joanna Kacprzyńska-Gołacka ◽  
Monika Łożyńska ◽  
Wioletta Barszcz ◽  
Sylwia Sowa ◽  
Piotr Wieciński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Properties ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Dairy Wastewater ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Functional Coatings ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Two Component

A novel approach of the deposition of two-component coating consisting of TiO2 and CuO on polymer membranes by MS-PVD method was presented in this work. This confirmed the possibility of using thin functional coatings for the modification of polymer membranes. The influence of technological parameters of the coating deposition on the membrane’s structure, chemical composition and functional properties (hydrophilic, photocatalytic and bactericidal properties) were analyzed using SEM. Model microorganism such as Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis have been used to check the antibacterial properties. The results indicated that doping with CuO highlights the potential of bactericidal efficiency. The surface properties of the membranes were evaluated with the surface free energy. For evaluating photocatalytic properties, the UV and visible light were used. The filtration tests showed that polymer membranes treated with two-component TiO2 + CuO coatings have a permeate flux similar to the reference material (non-coated membrane). The obtained results constitute a very promising perspective of the potential application of magnetron sputtering for deposition of TiO2 + CuO coatings in the prevention of biofouling resulted from the membrane filtration of dairy wastewater.

A possibility of using nickel concentrate, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-containing raw materials, at steel alloying

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (7) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Kichigina
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Selective Extraction ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Nickel Recovery ◽  
Nickel Concentrate ◽  
Steel Alloying ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Comprehensive Processing

At production of stainless steel expensive alloying elements, containing nickel, are used. To decrease the steel cost, substitution of nickel during steel alloying process by its oxides is an actual task. Results of analysis of thermodynamic and experimental studies of nickel reducing from its oxide presented, as well as methods of nickel oxide obtaining at manganese bearing complex raw materials enrichment and practice of its application during steel alloying. Technology of comprehensive processing of complex manganese-containing raw materials considered, including leaching and selective extraction out of the solution valuable components: manganese, nickel, iron, cobalt and copper. Based on theoretical and experiment studies, a possibility of substitution of metal nickel by concentrates, obtained as a result of hydrometallurgical enrichment, was confirmed. Optimal technological parameters, ensuring high degree of nickel recovery out of the initial raw materials were determined. It was established, that for direct steel alloying it is reasonable to add into the charge pellets, consisting of nickel concentrate and coke fines, that enables to reach the through nickel recovery at a level of 90%. The proposed method of alloying steel by nickel gives a possibility to decrease considerably steel cost at the expense of application of nickel concentrate, obtained out of tails of hydrometallurgical enrichment of manganese-bearing raw materials, which is much cheaper comparing with the metal nickel.

scholarly journals Potential Pitfalls in Membrane Fouling Evaluation: Merits of Data Representation as Resistance Instead of Flux Decline in Membrane Filtration

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 460
Author(s):  
Bastiaan Blankert ◽  
Bart Van der Bruggen ◽  
Amy E. Childress ◽  
Noreddine Ghaffour ◽  
Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Data Representation ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Permeable Membrane ◽  
Dead End ◽  
Flux Decline ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Filtration Flux

The manner in which membrane-fouling experiments are conducted and how fouling performance data are represented have a strong impact on both how the data are interpreted and on the conclusions that may be drawn. We provide a couple of examples to prove that it is possible to obtain misleading conclusions from commonly used representations of fouling data. Although the illustrative example revolves around dead-end ultrafiltration, the underlying principles are applicable to a wider range of membrane processes. When choosing the experimental conditions and how to represent fouling data, there are three main factors that should be considered: (I) the foulant mass is principally related to the filtered volume; (II) the filtration flux can exacerbate fouling effects (e.g., concentration polarization and cake compression); and (III) the practice of normalization, as in dividing by an initial value, disregards the difference in driving force and divides the fouling effect by different numbers. Thus, a bias may occur that favors the experimental condition with the lower filtration flux and the less-permeable membrane. It is recommended to: (I) avoid relative fouling performance indicators, such as relative flux decline (J/J0); (II) use resistance vs. specific volume; and (III) use flux-controlled experiments for fouling performance evaluation.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre-Oxidation on Coagulation/Ceramic Membrane Treatment of Yangtze River Water

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 369
Author(s):  
Shengji Xia ◽  
Xinran Zhang ◽  
Yuanchen Zhao ◽  
Fibor J. Tan ◽  
Pan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Fouling Control ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Membrane Treatment

The membrane separation process is being widely used in water treatment. It is very important to control membrane fouling in the process of water treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of a pre-oxidation-coagulation flat ceramic membrane filtration process using different oxidant types and dosages in water treatment and membrane fouling control. The results showed that under suitable concentration conditions, the effect on membrane fouling control of a NaClO pre-oxidation combined with a coagulation/ceramic membrane system was better than that of an O3 system. The oxidation process changed the structure of pollutants, reduced the pollution load and enhanced the coagulation process in a pre-oxidation-coagulation system as well. The influence of the oxidant on the filtration system was related to its oxidizability and other characteristics. NaClO and O3 performed more efficiently than KMnO4. NaClO was more conducive to the removal of DOC, and O3 was more conducive to the removal of UV254.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF THE OF BULK MATERIAL MOVEMENT PROCESS IN THE INACTIVE ZONE BETWEEN SCREW SECTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-268
Author(s):  
O.M. Trokhaniak ◽  
R.B. Hevko ◽  
O.L. Lyashuk ◽  
T.A. Dovbush ◽  
B.V. Pohrishchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Screw Conveyor ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
Curved Paths ◽  
Agricultural Materials

The article presents the results of theoretical and experimental studies of the process of moving bulk material in the inactive zone between hinged screw sections of a flexible screw conveyor. The influence of the gap between the edges of adjacent screw sections and the magnitude of their circular displacement on the process of continuous transportation of bulk material is presented. The results of theoretical and experimental studies are compared. This will allow choosing the optimal design, kinematic and technological parameters of the developed sectional screw working body when transporting bulk agricultural materials along curved paths, both in horizontal and inclined directions, as well as along curved paths.

scholarly journals RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD-FIBER MATERIALS

2020 ◽  
pp. 451-457
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yur'yevich Vititnev ◽  
Yuriy Davydovich Alashkevich ◽  
Natal'ya Geral'dovna Chistova ◽  
Roman Aleksandrovich Marchenko ◽  
Venera Nurullovna Matygullina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Fiber ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Grinding Process ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Fiber Materials ◽  
Traditional Construction

This paper presents the results of experimental studies of the physical and mechanical properties of wood-fiber boards of the wet production method when regulating the design and technological parameters of the grinding process. This allowed us to determine the influence of the working clearance between the grinding discs and the concentration of fibre mass with the subject to of quality change wood fiber after defibrator using the developed construction of the disc fibrillation action on the physico-mechanical properties of boards. As a result of the experiment, regression models were obtained that adequately describe the studied grinding process and allow predicting the values of physical and mechanical properties of the finished product depending on the established  parameters process. A comparative analysis of the size and quality characteristics of the fiber semi-finished product and its fractional composition when using a developed construction the disc of refiner fibrillation action and a traditional design used in industry is carried out. The preferential efficiency of the grinding process under the fibrillating effect the disc of refiner in comparison with the traditional construction disc of refiner is established. As a result, there is a significant improvement in the quality indicators of the fiber semi-finished product and its composition due to the formation and predominance in the total mass of long and thin, respectively, flexible fibrillated fibers with high tile-forming properties, which allows to increase the strength properties of the product (by 20–25%), without using binding resins.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model of Pressure Formation Process along the Helix Channel Length of Screw Grinder

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery Pelenko ◽  
Ilkhom Usmanov ◽  
Vyacheslav Pokholchenko ◽  
Irina Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Mathematical Description ◽  
Analytical Description ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Channel Length ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Total Energy Consumption

The improvement of the technical equipment effectiveness is currently becoming particularly important. This applies not only to large and high-energy-intensive machines, but also to household appliances, the total energy consumption of which often exceeds the energy consumption of the overall equipment. These types of devices include, in particular, grinding and cutting equipment. The mathematical description of the processes carried out on this equipment is generalized and can be extended to a wider class of machines, including waste processing and mining equipment. The technological parameters, the design of screw grinders, and the processes of movement, deformation, extrusion and cutting carried out in them are characterized by a significant number of factors affecting the energy intensity. The main ones are the geometric parameters of the screw, machine’s body, cross knife, grinding plate’s thickness, the number and diameter of holes in it, as well as the product’s physical-mechanical characteristics and operating conditions. The most important for the mathematical description are the zones and processes where the main share of the consumed power is spent. The complexity of their analytical description is due to a simplified consideration of either individual technological zones of grinders’ existing designs, or the use of unreasonable simplifications.

scholarly journals Heat transfer in the mold during vertical continuous casting of steel

2018 ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
E. I. Marukovich ◽  
E. B. Demchenko
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Casting Process ◽  
Continuous Casting Of Steel ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Calculation Technique

The analysis of the performed researches has shown that the offered calculation technique is an effective means of management of formation process in casting. The found dependences and experimental data allow to calculate the specific value of the exactм heat flux in a given range of technological parameters obtained during a series of successful experiments for a particular casting method.Having the results of studies of the temperature regime of the mold during casting of a certain size and profile, it is possible to calculate the thermal state of the mold for the same casting process, but for the production of castings of any other size and profile.Having a certain amount of information on the temperature regime of the mold at different casting methods, you can use the solutions obtained to become the owner of a database containing the necessary information for solving the problems of solidification of the casting. In the subsequent design of equipment and equipment there is no need for additional experimental studies and analysis of the results.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CONSTRUCTIVE AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF THE UNIT FOR STRIP TILL ON THE LUMPINESS

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Golub ◽  
◽  
A. Dvornyk
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Relative Position ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Depth Of Processing ◽  
Processing Depth ◽  
Economic Methods ◽  
Strip Tillage

The goal of the work. Investigate the influence of the relative position of the depth of processing with a chisel, the speed of movement of the unit and the distance between the cutting side discs on the lumpiness of the processed strip. Methods of research: analytical - quantitative determination of the quality of strip tillage; laboratory-field - for research, an experimental installation was completed with an MTZ-892 tractor and a section of the unit for strip tillage; statistical with generally accepted agronomic and economic methods. Results. Experimental studies of changes in the design and technological parameters of the unit for strip processing with the determination of lumpiness have been carried out. To study the main parameters, the depth of processing of the subsoiler (chisel) is taken from 13 to 27 cm, the distance between the cutting side discs is from 10 to 30 cm, the speed of the MTA is from 4 to 11 km/h. Unchanged parameters during the study: the distance from the axis of the front disc to the chisel is 50 cm, the distance from the chisel to the axis of the cutting side discs is 50 cm, the immersion depth of the cutting side discs is 10 cm. Experimental background is winter wheat stubble. Soil cultivation for winter wheat - deep (18 cm) disking, before that plowing to a depth of 25 cm. According to the research results, graphs of the dependence of lumpiness on the relative position of the chisel, cutting side discs and changes in the speed of the MTA were built. As the speed and distance between the side cutting discs increase, the lumpiness value decreases. Conclusions. Based on the results of the studies, the dependences of lumpiness on the relative position of the chisel and cutting side disks were obtained when the speed of the MTA was changed. It was determined that with an increase in the processing depth, the distance between the cutting side discs of 20 cm and the MTA movement speed of 7.5 km / h, a uniform increase in lumpiness is observed. The distance between the side cutting discs of 10 cm is not suitable for work.

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