scholarly journals The use of ultrasonic densitometry in assessing bone mineral density and determining the 10-year risk of osteoporotic fractures in older women in the family doctor practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Lukianets
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
The Family ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Average Body

Osteoporosis is the fourth most common disease after cardiovascular, cancer and endocrine diseases. With an increase in life expectancy, it becomes one of the main causes of deterioration in health and an increase in mortality. The aim of the study. To identify women with low bone density using ultrasound densitometry and assess the risk of osteoporotic fractures. Materials and methods. The study was based on a survey of 31 women in the Odessa region, the average age of the subjects was 57±9.1 years, the average body weight was 75.74±12.5 kg, height 162.8±0.1 cm, the average BMI was 28.57±4.5. All women were divided into groups by age with a ten-year interval and by densitometry indices. Results. Decrease in bone density was found in 51.6 % of examined women. The lowest BMD was in the age group of 70–79 years, and the largest numbers of respondents with osteopenic changes were at the age of 50–59. A linear correlation was found between BMD and age at the level of significance p=0.007. The linear regression equation is: t=-0.03968 *age+1.268, (r=-0.473). In women with osteopenia, a significant increase in indicators was found for almost all algorithms for assessing the 10-year risk of fractures at p<0.05 (except for FRAX Hiр without BMD (p=0.087)) and a significant decrease in ultrasound densitometry indicators compared with women with normal BMD. Women with fractures had significantly higher scores according to the FRAX Total algorithms without BMD (p=0.002), FRAX Hiр without BMD (p=0.004) and Q-fracture Hiр (p=0.044). Conclusions. Most women had osteopenic manifestations according to ultrasound densitometry. Age significantly correlates with BMD parameters. The numbers of women with changes in the structure of bone tissue increases with age, and, after 70 years, all women have osteopenic manifestations. The algorithms for assessing the 10-year risk of fractures FRAX and Q-Fracture reliably correlate with densitometry indicators. The combination of ultrasound densitometry with algorithms for assessing the risk of osteoporotic fractures significantly increases the diagnosis of osteoporosis

scholarly journals The Opinion of General Practitioners, Medical Students, and Other Medical Specialists on Palliative Care in Bulgaria

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
G. Foreva ◽  
R. Asenova ◽  
M. Semerdjieva
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Medical Specialists ◽  
Incurable Disease ◽  
The Family ◽  
Care Training ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

In Bulgaria, the patient is entitled to palliative care in case of incurable disease with an unfavourable prognosis. Palliative care is provided by the family doctor/GP and institutions. Literature on palliative care providing is scarce. The objective of the study was to investigate the opinion of general practitioners, medical students, and other medical specialists working in institutions on palliative care. Method. We have developed a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics have been calculated for all items. Differences between groups have been compared using u-criterion. Level of significance was P<0.05. Data has been analyzed using SPSS v. 16. Results. A total of 518 respondents completed the survey. Lack of appropriate organisation and financing has been pointed out by all participants. The GP’s role in palliative care providing has been described as a contradictory one. The criteria on the basis of which the patients are eligible for palliative care have been arranged in the same way by all respondents, but GPs chose the longest temporal indicator. Quality assessment has not been applied. 2/3 of respondents demanded palliative care training. Conclusion. On the whole, the investigated groups differed to some extent in their opinion on palliative care both on conceptual and practical levels.

Bone mineral density predicts the risk of breast cancer in older women. The study of osteoporotic fractures

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (S1) ◽  
pp. 93-93
Author(s):  
J A Cauley ◽  
F L Lucas ◽  
L H Kuller ◽  
M T Vogt ◽  
W S Browner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density

Genetics of Osteoporosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Complete Spectrum ◽  
Gradual Reduction ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Minimal Trauma ◽  
Genetics Of Osteoporosis

OSTEOPOROSIS is a common disease affecting the majorityof older women and a significant minority ofolder men. It is defined as the gradual reduction in bonestrength with advancing age, particularly in women postmenopause, such that bones fracture with minimal trauma(1– 4). Although fractures of the hip, wrist, and spine areoften focused upon, almost any bone can fracture (5–21). Ageper se is the strongest risk factor for osteoporotic fracture;however, the variance in bone density is similar across allages. A range of hormonal and environmental factorsheighten the risk of osteoporosis, yet together these riskfactors explain only a small proportion of the overall risk.Trauma is an important factor with the event of fracture oftenthe result of a relatively weak bone being subjected to force,such as in a fall. Any bone will fracture if subjected to excessiveforce, e.g., in a motor vehicle accident. Howeverweakened, osteoporotic bones can fracture without any obviousantecedent trauma. This complete spectrum in bonestrength is the focus of this review, particularly the geneticfactors that may influence sensitivity to environmental andhormonal factors. These factors and their interactions contributeto the end result of bone strength in later adult lifewhen the risk for osteoporotic fractures rises.Osteoporosis is one of the major and growing health careproblems around the world largely related to the general

Effects of Exercise on Bone Density, Balance, and Self-Efficacy in Older Women

2003 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
James V. Jessup ◽  
Claydell Horne ◽  
R. K. Vishen ◽  
Donna Wheeler
Keyword(s):  
Bone Density ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Balance Exercises ◽  
Training Exercises

The effects of weighted vest walking and strength-training exercises on bone mineral density (BMD), balance, strength, and self-efficacy were tested in older women. Eighteen women, age 69.2 ± 3.5 years, were randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG) ( n = 9), or a sedentary control group (CG) ( n = 9). The EG participated in 32 weeks (three 1-h sessions/week) of supervised strength training and walking, stair climbing, and balance exercises while wearing weighted vests. The CG did not exercise. All women took Ca²+ and vitamin D during the study period. Measures included 1) BMD of the hip and lumbar spine measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 2) strength, 3) balance, and 4) scores on a self-efficacy instrument. The EG had significant improvements in bone density of the femoral neck and balance and a significant weight loss ( P < 0.05). There were no changes in self-efficacy in either group.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Relationship Between Bone Mineral Density and Fracture Risk Factors in the Family Doctor Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Luk’ianets
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Average Body

Osteoporosis is the fourth most common after cardiovascular, cancer and endocrine diseases. According to WHO experts, due to the aging population and the impact of negative environmental factors, the incidence of osteoporosis will increase further. The objective: determining the relationship between ultrasound densitometry data on the heel cyst and the risk of fractures in older women from different regions of the country. Materials and methods. The study was based on a survey of women in major cities of Ukraine – Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odessa. 116 women aged 40 to 79 years were included. The average age of the subjects was 56±9,62 years, the average body weight was 74,5±12,9 kg, height 163,1±5,62 cm, the average body mass index (BMI) was 28±4,90. Normal (BMI) 20–24,9 had 35 women (30,2%), rates of preobesity and clinical obesity were in 81 surveyed women (69,8%). All subjects were divided into 4 groups by age: 40–49 years, 50–59 years, 60–69 years, 70–79 years. Results. Decrease in bone mineral density was found in 59,5% of examined women, of which osteopenia was in 57%, osteoporosis in 2,5% of women, the norm in 40,5% of women. The number of women with low BMD increased with age. Analyzing the risk factors in women after 40 years revealed a high incidence of hypertension 40,5%, the frequency of previous fractures in the anamnesis was 22,% of respondents, fractures of the femur and other fractures in parents noted 33,6% of women, a decrease in growth by 3 cm during life occurred in 13,7%, early menopause (up to 45 years) in 16,3% of women. Physical activity less than 30 minutes a day was noted by 27,5%. The risk of FRAX and Q-fracture fractures is significantly correlated with densitometry. Conclusions. Early detection of osteoporosis risk factors in the practice of a family doctor will help prevent an epidemic of this disease in our country and will prevent negative medical and social consequences. All of the above should be considered for planning preventive measures for osteoporosis and its complications, as well as for subsequent diagnostic steps for early detection of the disease.

scholarly journals 0856 Relationship Between A Composite Measure Of Sleep Health And Bone Mineral Density In A Sample Of Older Women From The Study Of Osteoporotic Fractures

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A326-A326
Author(s):  
A G Kubala ◽  
K J Sullivan ◽  
C E Kline ◽  
J A Cauley
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Composite Measure ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Total Hip ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Introduction Observational studies suggest poor sleep is related to lower bone mineral density (BMD) and increased osteoporosis risk. Yet, many studies focus on sleep duration and lack inclusion of other sleep characteristics. The sleep health construct simultaneously recognizes multiple dimensions of sleep and is operationalized as a composite score. Thus, we examined whether a composite measure of sleep health was related to BMD in a sample of older women. Methods The sample included 1968 older women (mean age: 83.6 ± 3.1 years) from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures. Six sleep health domains (regularity, duration, satisfaction, timing, efficiency, sleepiness/alertness) were dichotomized into either “good” or “poor” categories. The number of “good” characteristics were summed into a score ranging from 0 (poor) to 6 (good). BMD (g/cm2) was measured at the femoral neck, total hip, and trochanter sites with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. Multiple linear regression was used to explore the association between sleep health (composite score and the individual domains) with BMD (cross-sectional) and annualized percent change in BMD (longitudinal). All models were adjusted for age, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, education, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, fracture history, and cardiovascular disease. Results Average sleep health score was 3.8±1.2. Cross-sectionally, better sleep health was associated with higher BMD at the femoral neck (β=.04, p=.04) and trochanter (β=.05, p=.02). Sleep health was not cross-sectionally associated with BMD at the total hip (β=.03, p=.09) or with change in BMD at any region (Each p &gt;.13). The individual domain of sleep regularity was cross-sectionally related to BMD at the total hip and trochanter, respectively (β=.04, P=.04; β=.05, P=.02). Conclusion A multi-dimensional measure of sleep health was related to greater BMD cross-sectionally at the femoral neck and trochanter regions in a sample of older women. Future studies should focus on associations between sleep health and osteoporotic-related fractures. Support The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) is supported by National Institutes of Health funding. The National Institute on Aging (NIA) provides support under the following grant numbers: R01 AG005407, R01 AR35582, R01 AR35583, R01 AR35584, R01 AG005394, R01 AG027574, and R01 AG027576

scholarly journals Estimation of bone mineral density and algorithms of 10-year risk of osteoporotic fractures in women

2021 ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
E. Yu. Lukyanets
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Diagnosis Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Endocrine Diseases ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Average Body ◽  
Average Body Weight

Osteoporosis is the fourth most common after cardiovascular, cancer and endocrine diseases. With an increase in life expectancy, it becomes one of the main causes of deterioration in health and an increase in mortality. Aim of the study. Assess bone mineral density using ultrasonic densitometry and the risk of osteoporotic fractures among women in Cherkasy region. Materials and methods. The study was based on a survey of 43 women in the Odessa region, the average age of the subjects was 56,4±9,9 years, the average body weight was 73,5±11,6 kg, height 164,9±5,9 cm, the average BMI was 27,1±4,3. All women were divided into groups by age with a ten-year interval and by densitometry indices. Results. Decreased bone density was found in 58,1 % of subjects, osteoporosis - 2 (4,8%). Women with osteopenia and osteoporosis have an increased risk of fractures and significantly reduced ultrasound densitometry compared to respondents with normal BMD. The structure of concomitant pathology was dominated by diseases of the circulatory system (22 cases;51,2 %) and digestive organs (12; 27,9 %). More than half of women (26; 60,5 %) had a total of 50 comorbidities, with an average of 1.2 cases of comorbidity. Conclusions. Most women had osteopenic manifestations. Age significantly correlates with BMD parameters. The number of women with changes in the structure of bone tissue increases with age. Algorithms for assessing the 10-year risk of FRAX and Q-Fracture fractures are significantly correlated with densitometry. The combination of ultrasonic densitometry with algorithms for assessing the risk of osteoporotic fractures increases the diagnosis of osteoporosis.

scholarly journals Assessment of the use of different risk algorithms for osteoporotic fractures in women in the practice of a family doctor

ScienceRise ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Yevheniia Lukianets
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family Doctor ◽  
Osteoporotic Fractures ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Early Menopause ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scope Of Application ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Technological Product

Object of research: Women in whom the risk of osteoporotic fractures was assessed using the FRAX, Q-Fracture algorithms, and the risk factors for osteoporosis and their role in the development of osteoporotic fractures were studied. Investigated problem: the use of various algorithms in the practice of a family doctor to assess the 10-year risk of osteoporotic fractures. Main scientific results: A decrease in bone mineral density was found in 51.4 % of the surveyed women, of whom osteopenia was in 48.7 %, osteoporosis in 2.9 % of women. The risk of fractures according to all algorithms was higher in women of the age group 70–79 years: FRAX Total – 8.87±3.2, FRAX Hip – 4.03±3.1, Q fracture total – 12.87±1.5, Q fracture Hip – 7.97±2.7, FRAX Total without BMD – 11.9±5.5, FRAX Hip without BMD – 6.3±4.8. Age correlates negatively with the T score (r=–0.47, p=0.007) and positively with the FRAX Total algorithms without BMD (r=–0.47, p=0.003), FRAX Hip without BMD (r=0.78, p=0.006), Q fracture total (r=0.86, p=0.007), Q fracture Hip (r=0.92, p=0.008), FRAX Hip with BMD (r=0.55, p=0.009). No statistically significant difference was found with FRAX Total with BMD (r=0.21, p=0.345). Risk factors: 14.3 % of women had fractures of various localization; fractures in parents were noted by 37.1 % of respondents; a decrease in height by 3 cm during life occurred in 13.3 %. Early menopause (up to 45 years old) occurred in 11.4 % of women. Physical activity less than 30 minutes a day was noted by 68.6 %. The area of practical use of the research results: the primary level of medical care. Innovative technological product: early identification of risk factors for osteoporosis and calculation of the risk of fractures will reduce the medical and social consequences of complications in osteoporosis. Scope of application of the innovative technological product: in the clinical practice of general practitioners.

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