scholarly journals Positivisasi Hukum Islam di Indonesia Era Reformasi

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Masruhan Masruhan
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Democratic System ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
New Situation

The Islamic law in Indonesia has evolved from time to time in line with the demands of the changing history. Recently, and during the era of reformasi—it is commonly known so—the Islamic law has been progressively positivised. By this we mean the dynamics within which the Islamic law has the ability to respond to the new situation that requires the re-thinking of some of its dictums. The role of the government has equally been good; it is completely supportive of this process. This shift in direction taken by Islamic law is due to the fact that the colonial law in the country has become rotten. It is no longer able to deal with the ever-changing situations of this Muslim-majority country. This paper discusses this historic turn, and embarks on the debate concerning the advantages of the Islamic law for a Muslim country like Indonesia. The paper also links this development with the democratic system that the country has adopted. It argues that democracy does serve as a pre-condition in which a revealed law like Syari’ah can prevail.

scholarly journals Criminal Act of Sexual Gratification: Fiqh Jināyah and Positive Law Perspective

Al-Ahkam ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 97
Author(s):  
Nadea Lathifah Nugraheni
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
Sexual Gratification ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Positive Law ◽  
Case Comparison ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

<p>This paper describes the concept of sexual gratification based on positive legal views in Indonesia and <em>fiqh jināyah</em>. This type of qualitative research with the method of collecting library data is also normative in looking at and approaching cases of sexual gratification. This study uses several approaches, including case, comparison, and conceptual approaches. The government has regulated the Law Number. 31 of 1999 which has been updated by Law Number. 20 of 2001 on combating corruption. Moreover, it is stated in Article 12 B that explains matters including gratuities, such as money, goods, commissions, checks, travel tickets and other public facilities. Basically, the sanction of sexual gratification has fulfilled government regulations but has not yet been applied. Thus, it is necessary to reform the law of sexual gratification in Indonesia. The theory of Mukhtalath in Islamic law can be an alternative solution to cases of sexual gratification. The synchronicity of the role of the government and the clear rules and regulations relating to cases of sexual gratuity are urgently needed to achieve justice and legal validity.</p><p class="IABSSS" align="center">[]</p><p>Tulisan ini mendeskripsikan konsep gratifikasi seksual berdasarkan pandangan hukum positif di Indonesia dan <em>fiqh jināyah</em>. Penelitian ini berjenis kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data kepustakaan juga bersifat normatif dalam memandang dan melakukan pendekatan terhadap kasus gratifikasi seksual. Penelitian ini menggunakan beberapa pendekatan, diantaranya pendekatan kasus, perbandingan dan konseptual. Pemerintah telah mengatur UU Nomor. 31 Tahun 1999 yang telah diperbaharui oleh UU Nomor. 20 tahun 2001 tentang pemberantasan korupsi. Terlebih tercantum dalam pasal 12 B yang menjelaskan hal-hal yang termasuk gratifikasi, seperti, uang, barang, komisi, check, tiket perjalanan dan fasilitas umum lainya. Pada dasarnya sanksi gratifikasi seksual telah memenuhi aturan pemerintah, akan tetapi belum diaplikasikan. Dengan demikian perlu pembaharuan terhadap hukum gratifikasi seksual di Indonesia. Teori tentang Mukhtalath dalam hukum islam dapat menjadi alternatif solusi akan kasus gratifikasi seksual. sinkronisitas peran pemerintah dan jelasnya aturan perundang-undangan terkait kasus gratifikasi seksual sangat dibutuhkan demi tercapainya keadilan dan keabsahan hukum.</p>

scholarly journals Ulama and Umara in Government of Indonesia: A Review Relations of Religion and State

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Doli Witro
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Religious Knowledge ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Applicable Law ◽  
Muslim Majority ◽  
The Government ◽  
Religion And State ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Data Analysis Methods

Indonesia is well-known as a Muslim majority. However, this does not make Indonesia as an Islamic country. The relationship between religion and state in Islam is fairly interpretive and it nowadays still becomes a debate. The government system applied in this country is democratic. Besides, there has to freedom for the ulama in preaching without being limited by space and time. A number of ulama are currently being persecuted and intimidated that impacts to the lecture to be either stopped, postponed, or even canceled. At this part, the role of the umara (government) is required in enforcing the applicable law and also maintaining security and order in society. This paper aims to highlight the relationship between religion and state in Indonesian by observing the position of the ulama and the role of the umara in terms of Indonesian government. This paper used a qualitative approach to literature research. The data in this study was obtained from library materials. Data analysis methods used in this study were data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of the analysis showed that in Indonesia there is a separation between religion and state as the secularistic paradigm. However, it is not completely secularistic because in national legal system there is also a transformation of Islamic law. Religious and state affairs are not able to be separated, so are ulama and umara. It is because the state will experience a crisis in religious knowledge without ulama. Otherwise, without umara, religion cannot be implemented correctly within the country.Indonesia merupakan negara yang berpenduduk mayoritas Islam. Namun bukan berarti Indonesia adalah negara Islam. Hubungan agama dan negara dalam Islam cukup banyak penafsiran. Dalam Islam, hal ini masih menjadi perdebatan sampai saat ini. Sistem pemerintahan yang diterapkan di Indonesia saat ini adalah sistem demokrasi. Terlepas dari sistem tersebut, tentu harus memberikan kebebasan para ulama dalam berdakwah tanpa dibatasi oleh ruang dan waktu. Saat ini, ada ulama yang dipersekusi dan diintimidasi sehingga ceramah yang hendak dilaksanakan terpaksa dihentikan, ditunda, bahkan dibatalkan. Disinilah diperlukan peran umara (pemerintah) dalam menegakkan hukum yang berlaku dan juga menjaga keamanan serta ketertiban di masyarakat. Tulisan ini bertujuan menyoroti relasi agama dan negara dalam konteks Indonesia dengan melihat kedudukan ulama dan peran umara dalam pemerintahan Indonesia. Tulisan ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kualitatif yang bersifat penelitian pustaka. Data-data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari bahan-bahan yang bersifat pustaka Metode analisis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan di Indonesia terjadi pemisahan antara agama dan negara sebagaimana paradigma sekuleristik. Tetapi disini tidak sepenuhnya sekularistik karena pada hukum nasional Indonesia juga terjadi transformasi hukum Islam. Urusan agama dan negara tidak dapat dipisahkan. Begitu juga dengan ulama dan umara tidak dapat dipisahkan karena tanpa ulama maka negara akan mengalami krisis ilmu agama dan tanpa umara maka agama tidak bisa diterapkan secara sempurna dalam suatu negara.

On retroeconomy

2017 ◽  
pp. 148-159
Author(s):  
V. Papava
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
International Competition ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

This paper analyzes the problem of technological backwardness of economy. In many mostly developing countries their economies use obsolete technologies. This can create the illusion that this or that business is prosperous. At the level of international competition, however, it is obvious that these types of firms do not have any chance for success. Retroeconomics as a theory of technological backwardness and its detrimental effect upon a country’s economy is considered in the paper. The role of the government is very important for overcoming the effects of retroeconomy. The phenomenon of retroeconomy is already quite deep-rooted throughout the world and it is essential to consolidate the attention of economists and politicians on this threat.

scholarly journals La décentralisation de l'aménagement du territoire : mythe ou réalité?

2005 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-370
Author(s):  
Jane Matthews Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government ◽  
Planning Authority

This paper examines the tension between centralizing and decentralizing forces in systems of land use planning. Its thesis, drawn from the LaHaye Report, is that the degree of centralization of the system is directly proportional to the breadth of jurisdiction of the planning authority. While Quebec's system of land use planning is reputed to be decentralized and political, the author questions whether this assessment is correct. The role of the government under the Land Use Planning and Development Act and other specialized legislation is more in accordance with the centralized and technocratic systems advocated in earlier Quebec proposals for land use planning. This conclusion is reinforced by a consideration of the suggestions put forward in Le Choix des régions and their present-day application.

PEMBERDAYAAN PETANI PADI DALAM PEMASARAN BERAS KEMAS DI DESA KADUGENEP KECAMATAN PETIR KABUPATEN SERANG

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-324
Author(s):  
Rizqi Maulana Syifa ◽  
Wasrob Nasruddin ◽  
Achdiyat Achdiyat
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

Rice commodity is one of the main commodities being cultivated by farmers in Kadugenep Village. .various kinds of agricultural activities carried out by rice farmers in Kadugenep Village, in carrying out agricultural activities not only on production activities or cultivation of plants, but how to market agricultural productsin order to generate profits that can prosper farmers in terms of the economy.the assessment activities have been carried out from March 1 to June 30, 2020, with a total sample of 32 people. Data mining is done by interviews, questionnaires that have been tested for validity and reliability, as well as direct observation. .farmer empowerment levels were analyzed descriptively, factors related to empowerment were analyzed using the Spearmean Rank Correlation, and counseling strategies were analyzed using Kendal's Wbased on the results obtained from interviews and questionnaires given to respondents, showed that 5 people (15.6%) of respondents stated helpless, while 27 people (84.4%) respondents stated helpless. factors related to the role of the government (X2.1) of 0,000 and the role of advisors (X2.2) of 0.001 have a significant relationship to the empowerment of rice farmers in marketing rice packaging. strategies that can be done in increasing the empowerment of rice farmers in marketing rice from the results of the Kendall W analysis, namely by providing counseling about the function of cooperatives as a place for marketing products and functionspackaging with lecture, discussion and demonstration methods as well as extension media used, namely the provision of videos and folders.

China’s Science and Technology Progress through the Lens of Patenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 89-112
Author(s):  
Gary H. Jefferson ◽  
Renai Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Patent Quality ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Government ◽  
International Sector ◽  
Role Of The Government

This chapter assesses China’s science and technology (S&T) progress through the lens of the patenting literature in the context of China. In particular, after presenting an overview of China’s patent production over the past twenty-five years, it investigates the following questions: What accounts for China’s patent surge? What are the implications of the surge for patent quality? Does the nature of the patenting reveal China’s S&T direction and comparative advantage? How has the international sector affected China’s patent production? What has been the role of the government—the central, provincial, and local governments—in shaping patent production? And finally, how heterogeneous is China’s regional patent production; are patenting capabilities diffusing across China?

Analisis Dampak Toko Modern Terhadap Keberadaan Usaha Mikro, Kecil, Menengah Di Kota Padangsidimpuan

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Rahmat Kurniawan ◽  
Azhar Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
City Government ◽  
Banking Institutions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Role Of The Government

This research is to find out the perceptions of micro, small and medium enterprises to modern stores, MSME partnerships with modern stores, constraints, and the role of the government in overcoming the problems of modern shops and MSMEs in Padangsidimpuan City. This research is a descriptive qualitative study by conducting in-depth interviews. The results showed the perception of MSMEs towards modern stores had a negative and positive impact. The negative impact, the income of MSMEs has decreased. The positive impact, the presence of modern stores motivates MSMEs to evaluate themselves from modern stores. The partnership established by MSMEs with modern stores is the use of business locations provided by modern stores. The constraints of MSMEs are business capital, human resources, business legality, business permits and products, while the constraints of modern stores are business permits, human resources and partnerships with MSMEs. The role of the City Government of Padangsidimpuan is for modern stores, namely to give an appeal not to add to modern store outlets and to call for partnerships in terms of marketing local MSME products. For MSMEs, facilitate MSMEs with banking institutions in terms of providing venture capital, training and guidance to MSMEs, and making packaging houses.

scholarly journals Material efficiency: from top-down steering to tailor-made governance

2013 ◽  
Vol 371 (1986) ◽  
pp. 20110564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Cramer
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
System Change ◽  
First Century ◽  
Transition Management ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Material Efficiency ◽  
The Government ◽  
Role Of The Government

Material efficiency is one of the major challenges facing our society in the twenty-first century. Research can help to understand how we can make the transition towards a material-efficient society. This study focuses on the role of the government in such transition processes. Use is made of literature in the field of public administration and innovation literature, particularly transition management. On the basis of three Dutch examples (plastics, e-waste and bio-energy), the complex system change towards a material-efficient society will be reflected upon. These case studies underline the need for a tailor-made governance approach instead of a top-down government approach to enhance material efficiency in practice. The role of the government is not restricted to formulating policies and then leaving it up to other actors to implement these policies. Instead, it is a continuous interplay between the different actors during the whole implementation process. As such, the government's role is to steer the development in the desired direction and orchestrate the process from beginning to end. In order to govern with a better compass, scientifically underpinned guiding principles and indicators are needed. This is a challenge for researchers both in public administration and in transition management.

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